（整理版高中英語(yǔ)）人教高一必修1重點(diǎn)提煉Unit1Friendship語(yǔ)法突破（1）

1、人教版高一必修1重點(diǎn)提煉：unit 1 friendship語(yǔ)法突破1間接引語(yǔ) 引用，是一種修辭方法。引用可以一字不改地將別人的話加以引用或復(fù)數(shù)出來(lái)，這叫做直接引語(yǔ)direct speech；或用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語(yǔ)(indirect speech)。一般地講直接引語(yǔ)須放在引號(hào)內(nèi)；間接引語(yǔ)不用引號(hào)，而用賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表達(dá)。如：he said, "i am a doctor".他說(shuō)：“我是醫(yī)生。引號(hào)內(nèi)的內(nèi)容是直接引語(yǔ)he said that he was a doctor.他說(shuō)他是醫(yī)生。句中的賓語(yǔ)從句是間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的一般規(guī)那么直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)

2、變化規(guī)那么如下表：直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)進(jìn)去完成時(shí)進(jìn)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/maycould/might 如：the girl said, "i'm sorry for being late for class." the girl said that she was sorry for being late for class.那姑娘說(shuō)對(duì)不起她上課遲到了

3、。my mother said to me, "your classmate is waiting for you in the sitting room." my mother told me that my classmate was waiting for me in the sitting room.我母親告訴我，我的同學(xué)正在客廳等我。she said, "i have seen the film titanic." she said that she had seen the film titanic.她說(shuō)她看過(guò)了電影泰坦尼克號(hào)。li hua

4、said to me," your parents have been looking for you." li hua told me that my parents had been looking for me.李華告訴我，我的父母正在找我。he said, "i made some spelling mistakes yesterday." he said that he had made some spelling mistakes the day before. 他說(shuō)他前一天出了一些拼寫錯(cuò)誤。the student said," i

5、 had learnt about 5,000 english words by the end of last year." the student said that he had learnt about 5,000 english words by the end of the year before.那個(gè)學(xué)生說(shuō)到去年年底他已經(jīng)學(xué)了5，000個(gè)單詞。he asked me, "what were you doing at that time?" he asked me what i was doing at that time.他問(wèn)我那時(shí)我在干什么？she

6、 said, "i will go there this afternoon." she said (that) she would go there that afternoon,她說(shuō)她那天下午將去那里。 人稱變化要根據(jù)說(shuō)話者、聽(tīng)者或第三者的相互關(guān)系，作出相應(yīng)和變化。如：he said to me. "i have left my book in your room." he told me that he had left his book in my room.他告訴我他把書(shū)落在我的房間了。the teacher said, "im gl

7、ad to be with you. 其它變化包括指示代詞、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的詞以及表示方向的動(dòng)詞變化。詳見(jiàn)下表：直 接 引 語(yǔ) 間 接 引 語(yǔ)指示代詞this these 表 示 時(shí) 間 that those now thentoday, tonight that day, that night tomorrow the next(following) daythis week(month.) that week(month.) yesterdaythe day before last week(month.) the week(month.)beforethe day before yester

8、day two days before the day after tomorrow in two daystime three days agothree days beforenext week(month.) the next(following)week(month.)方向動(dòng)詞bring take come go表示地點(diǎn)here there 如：he said, "i will come here again tonight." he said that he would go there again that night.他說(shuō)他今天晚上再去那兒。she said,

9、 "i arrived yesterday morning." she said that she (had) arrived the morning before.他說(shuō)他昨天早晨到達(dá)的。4.各種句式的直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)。a.直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句。直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)用that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：tom said, "i've reviewed my lessons." tom said that he had reviewed his lessons. 湯姆說(shuō)他已經(jīng)復(fù)習(xí)了他的功課。主句中的"say to sb."常須改為

10、"tell sb."如： she said to me, "i'm studying japanese these days." she told me(that) she was studying japanese those days. 好告訴我好這幾天正在學(xué)日語(yǔ)。直接引語(yǔ)是一般問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)用whether或if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：mr. green asked," are you preparing for it?" mr. green asked whether (if) we were preparing fo

11、r it. 格林先生問(wèn)我們是否正在準(zhǔn)備。如果問(wèn)句是表示建議，可用動(dòng)詞suggest或advise加賓語(yǔ)從句或適當(dāng)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)完成。如："shall we meet at the theatre?" he said he suggested that we should meet at the theatre.(=he suggested our meeting at the theatre.他建議我們?cè)陔娪霸阂?jiàn)面。直接引語(yǔ)是特殊問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)為原連接代詞(副詞)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：he asked, "what size dress do you wear?"

12、; he asked what size dress i (you) wore .他問(wèn)我穿什么型號(hào)的。he asked, "which one do you like best?" he asked which one you(i)liked best.他問(wèn)我最喜歡哪一個(gè)。直接引語(yǔ)是選擇問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)為"whether.or"引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：he asked me, "will you go abroad or stay in beijing?" he asked me whether i would go abroad or stay in beijing.他問(wèn)我是出國(guó)呢還是呆在。 直接引語(yǔ)是反意問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)為whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：he asked, "you have succeeded, haven't you?" he asked us if we had succeeded. 他問(wèn)我們是否已成功。 直接引語(yǔ)為感慨句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)可用what或how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，也可以用that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)