商務(wù)合同翻譯技巧

1、 Business Contracts 商務(wù)合同商務(wù)合同 例如：修改 amendments to or alterations of ； 效力 force and effect ；履行 fulfill or perform；提供furnish and provide ； 解釋 interpretation or construction ； 達(dá)成 make and enter into ； 無效 null and void；I I、同義詞、近義詞等連用。、同義詞、近義詞等連用。在商務(wù)合同中，經(jīng)常用同義詞，間用and 或or 連接。此種用詞意在強(qiáng)調(diào)說明合同內(nèi)容、嚴(yán)格區(qū)分條款項(xiàng)目，在避免因歧義而發(fā)

2、生糾紛。 依照本協(xié)議的條款規(guī)定on the terms and subject to the conditions 由雙方 by and between 秘密secret and confidential 可轉(zhuǎn)讓transferable or assignable II II、復(fù)合詞多使用帶有、復(fù)合詞多使用帶有herehere，therethere，wherewhere等前綴等前綴 在合同中使用這類復(fù)合詞可避免重復(fù)，做在合同中使用這類復(fù)合詞可避免重復(fù)，做到簡潔、嚴(yán)密，同時反映出合同應(yīng)有的正到簡潔、嚴(yán)密，同時反映出合同應(yīng)有的正式規(guī)范性。舉例說明如下式規(guī)范性。舉例說明如下: : “here”her

3、e”應(yīng)理解為應(yīng)理解為“this”this” “ there”“ there”應(yīng)理解為應(yīng)理解為“that”that” “ where”“ where”應(yīng)理解為應(yīng)理解為“which”which” hereof = of this 在本文中；在本文中；herewith = with this 關(guān)于此點(diǎn)；關(guān)于此點(diǎn)；hereafter = after this time 在此之后在此之后; hereby = by means of this 以此方式；以此方式；herein = in this place于此處；于此處；hereinafter = below or in this document 在下

4、文；在下文；hereto = to this 由是，由此；由是，由此；hereby(特此，茲特此，茲)，thereto(另外，隨附另外，隨附)，thereof(其中，其中，它的它的)，whereas(鑒于鑒于)，whereby(憑借憑借)，whereupon(因因此，于是此，于是)。III.III.多用多用shallshall代替代替willwill或或shouldshould shallshall表示法律上需要強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的義務(wù)，有表示法律上需要強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的義務(wù)，有“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”、“必須必須”的意思。的意思?！皐ill”will”在合在合同中雖也用作表示承擔(dān)義務(wù)，但語氣比同中雖也用作表示承擔(dān)義務(wù)，但

5、語氣比“shall”shall”弱。在合同中弱。在合同中“should”should”通常只通常只用來表示語氣較強(qiáng)的假設(shè)用來表示語氣較強(qiáng)的假設(shè)“萬一萬一”，這是，這是英語合同用詞與基礎(chǔ)英語用詞的不同之處。英語合同用詞與基礎(chǔ)英語用詞的不同之處。 1. Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e. not later than December 15. 本合同簽字之日一個月內(nèi)，即不遲于本合同簽字之日一個月內(nèi)，即不遲于1212月月2525日，日，你方你方須將貨物裝船。須

6、將貨物裝船。2. Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US$500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY). 聘方須每月聘方須每月付給付給受聘方美元受聘方美元500500元整。元整。IV.IV.選用正規(guī)性詞語選用正規(guī)性詞語 商務(wù)合同作為正式性的法律文件，用于規(guī)定權(quán)利商務(wù)合同作為正式性的法律文件，用于規(guī)定權(quán)利義務(wù)，表明細(xì)節(jié)條目，因此用詞斟酌，正式、規(guī)范，義務(wù)，表明細(xì)節(jié)條目，因此用詞斟酌，正式、規(guī)范，多用正式或法律上的用詞。多用正式或法律上的用詞。1. At the request of Party B, Par

7、ty A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. “應(yīng)乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技術(shù)人員幫助乙方應(yīng)乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技術(shù)人員幫助乙方安裝設(shè)備。安裝設(shè)備。”assist assist 較較 help help 正式；正式；2. The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel. “雇主應(yīng)該對有關(guān)人員給予正確技術(shù)指雇主應(yīng)該對有關(guān)人員給予正確技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。導(dǎo)?！眗ender render 較較 give give

8、正式；正式；V.V.常見慣用詞的公式化使用常見慣用詞的公式化使用 1、慣用WHEREAS “鑒于”，多用它在前文中引出簽約背景和目的，起連詞作用。例如： （1）WHEREAS the Employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the construction of High-Rise Residential Complex in Baghdad, Iraq； “鑒于雇主欲請勞動力建造伊拉克巴格達(dá)的高層住宅綜合大樓；” （2）WHEREAS the Contractor is desirous to prov

9、ide the manpower for the Works； “鑒于承包人想為此工程提供勞動力；”英語商務(wù)合同中常用短語英語商務(wù)合同中常用短語 hereinafter referred to as 以下稱以下稱 whereas 鑒于鑒于 in witness whereof 茲證明茲證明 for and on behalf of 代表代表 by virtue of 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)?prior to 在在之前之前 as regards/concerning/relating to 關(guān)于關(guān)于 cease to do 停止做停止做 in effect 事實(shí)上事實(shí)上 miscellaneous 其他事項(xiàng)其

10、他事項(xiàng) Force Majeure(Force Majeure(不可抗力不可抗力) )，defectdefect（瑕疵），（瑕疵）， jurisdictionjurisdiction（管轄），（管轄），draft at sightdraft at sight（即期匯票）（即期匯票），letter of credit(letter of credit(信用證信用證) )，bill of ladingbill of lading（提單）（提單），documents against acceptance(documents against acceptance(承兌交單承兌交單) )，bill bi

11、ll of exchange(of exchange(匯票匯票) )，firm offerfirm offer（實(shí)盤），（實(shí)盤），technology transfertechnology transfer（技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓）等等，這些專業(yè)（技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓）等等，這些專業(yè)術(shù)語語義精煉，表義準(zhǔn)確，正式、規(guī)范、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，術(shù)語語義精煉，表義準(zhǔn)確，正式、規(guī)范、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，符合合同正規(guī)、嚴(yán)肅的文體特征。符合合同正規(guī)、嚴(yán)肅的文體特征。英語商務(wù)合同中常用的術(shù)語英語商務(wù)合同中常用的術(shù)語常用條件句常用條件句 合同為表達(dá)可能發(fā)生的各種情況、設(shè)想，以及相關(guān)的處理方法，條款中條件句較多，尤其是在有關(guān)付款、違約責(zé)任、不可抗力、財(cái)產(chǎn)處理和仲裁等

12、幾部分中。這種結(jié)構(gòu)雖然拖沓冗長，但表意精確，避免了產(chǎn)生歧義的情形。常見表達(dá)有： in the event that, in case表達(dá)“如果、假若”，should 表達(dá)希望某事不太可能發(fā)生等。 （1）In case the Import License is required, the buyer should settle the problem before placing the order. 若需要進(jìn)口許可證，買方應(yīng)在訂貨前辦妥。 （2）Should the buyer fail to perform any provision of the contract signed with

13、 the seller, the seller is entitled to terminate the whole or any part of the contract, or postpone the delivery or hold back the goods in transit. 假如買方未能履行與賣方所訂立合同的任何條款，賣方有權(quán)終止全部或部分合同，或延期交貨，或截留運(yùn)輸中貨物。狀語轉(zhuǎn)換狀語轉(zhuǎn)換 狀語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語狀語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語 For the purpose of this Contract, the Party B desires to introduce the Patent

14、 and engage in production cooperation in accordance with the technical know-how specified in the Patent. 本合同的目的在于乙方希望引進(jìn)專利，按在于乙方希望引進(jìn)專利，按專利提供的技術(shù)進(jìn)行合作生產(chǎn)。專利提供的技術(shù)進(jìn)行合作生產(chǎn)。 狀語轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語狀語轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語 The conditions for the establishment of the Joint Venture Company and the total amount of investment and registered capit

15、al are stipulated in this Contrast. 本合同規(guī)定了本合同規(guī)定了設(shè)立設(shè)立合資公司的條件以及投合資公司的條件以及投資總額與注冊資本。資總額與注冊資本。買賣合同（范式）買賣合同（范式） 合同號： 簽署日期/地點(diǎn)： 買方名稱： 法定地址： 聯(lián)系人： 賣方名稱： 法定地址： 聯(lián)系人： 買賣雙方經(jīng)協(xié)商，簽署本合同。根據(jù)合同條款規(guī)定，買方同意購買，賣方同意出售下列貨物。 貨物名稱及合同適用范圍 價格 付款方式 包裝條件 雙方證明，合同自簽署之日起生效。 買方： 賣方： 簽署人： 簽署人： 日期： 日期： 最終用戶： 簽署人： 日期： 1. Name of commodity

16、 and specification (品名及規(guī)格品名及規(guī)格): Lithophone Zns content 28% min.2 Quantity: 900M/T. (Metric Ton) 公噸公噸3 Unit price (單價單價): USD 120 per M/T CFRC 5% Singapore. C: Cost (成本成本) F: Freight (運(yùn)費(fèi)運(yùn)費(fèi)) C: Commission (傭金傭金)4 Total amount: USD108,000 with 5% more or less (溢短裝條款溢短裝條款) both in amount and quantity a

17、t the sellers option.5 Packing: By paper-lined glass-fibre bags of 25kg. each, gross for net.(以毛作凈以毛作凈)6. Shipping marks (運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志或運(yùn)輸標(biāo)志或嘜頭嘜頭): To be designated by the sellers.7. Port of shipment and Port of Destination (裝運(yùn)港和目的港裝運(yùn)港和目的港): From Qingtao to Singapore8. Time of shipment: During May/July,1995,

18、 into three equal lots. Partial shipment (分分批裝運(yùn)批裝運(yùn)) to be allowed, transhipment (轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)) not to be allowed.9. Insurance: To be covered by the buyers.10. Terms of payment: By irrevocable, transferable, and divisible bankers acceptance letter of credit to cover the total value of each monthly (or lot of

19、 ) shipment as stipulated aboveCommodity inspection（商品檢驗(yàn)）（商品檢驗(yàn)）: Certificate of quality and weight issued by the Chinese Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau at the port of shipment12 Amendment of Letter of Credit If the L/C is not in accordance with the terms of contract, amendments should

20、 be made immediately by the buyers Buyers shall be responsible for any losses thus incurred as well as for late shipment thus caused13 Shipping Advice (裝運(yùn)通知裝運(yùn)通知) The sellers or their branches shall notify the buyers or their agents by cable or telex of the number of L/C, quantity and name of vessel

21、immediately after loading is completed.14 Claims (索賠索賠) The buyers shall have the right within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination to lodge or file claims concerning the quality, quantity or weight of the goods ( claims for perishable goods are to be put forward immedia

22、tely after arrival of the goods at destination).15.Force Majeure (不可抗力不可抗力) Should any natural disasters happen,the time of shipment might be extended, or a part or whole of the contract cancelled without liability attached to the sellers. The seller shall furnish the buyer within 15 days after the

23、accident by registered airmail with a certificate issued by the competent government authority or the chamber of commerce which is located at the place.合同的結(jié)尾合同的結(jié)尾 （1） IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives on the date first a

24、bove written. 作為本協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù)，雙方授權(quán)代表于上面首次寫明的日期正式簽訂本協(xié)議一式兩份。（2）This Contract shall be written in English in four copies. Each party shall keep two copies.本合同應(yīng)以英文寫成，一式四份，雙方各持兩份。本合同應(yīng)以英文寫成，一式四份，雙方各持兩份。（3）The contract is made out in English and Chinese languages in quadruplicate, both texts being equally authe

25、ntic, and each Party shall hold two copies of each text. 本合同用英文和中文兩種文字寫成，一式四份。雙本合同用英文和中文兩種文字寫成，一式四份。雙方執(zhí)英文本和中文本各一式兩份，兩種文字具有方執(zhí)英文本和中文本各一式兩份，兩種文字具有同等效力。同等效力。 來，練練來，練練 This Contract shall come into force after the signatures by the authorized representatives of both parties. 本合同將在雙方授權(quán)代表簽字后正式生效本合同將在雙方授權(quán)代表

26、簽字后正式生效。 Commodity Inspection: It is mutually agreed that the Certificate of Quality and Weight issued by the China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau at the port of shipment shall be taken as the basis of delivery. 商品檢驗(yàn)：買賣雙方同意以裝運(yùn)口岸中國進(jìn)商品檢驗(yàn)：買賣雙方同意以裝運(yùn)口岸中國進(jìn)出口商品檢驗(yàn)局簽發(fā)的品質(zhì)和重量檢驗(yàn)證出口商品檢驗(yàn)局簽發(fā)的品質(zhì)和重量檢驗(yàn)

27、證書作為品質(zhì)和數(shù)量的交貨依據(jù)。書作為品質(zhì)和數(shù)量的交貨依據(jù)。 This Contract is made out in two originals, each copy written in Chinese and English languages, both texts being equally valid. In case of any divergence of interpretation, the Chinese text shall prevail. 本合同正文一式兩份，分別以中文和英文本合同正文一式兩份，分別以中文和英文書寫，兩種文本具有同等效力。若對其解書寫，兩種文本具有同等

28、效力。若對其解釋產(chǎn)生異議，則以中文本為準(zhǔn)。釋產(chǎn)生異議，則以中文本為準(zhǔn)。 Terms of Payment: By Irrevocable Letter of Credit for 90% of the total invoice value of the goods to be shipped, in favor of the Sellers, payable at the issuing bank against the Sellers draft at sight accompanied by the shipping documents stipulated in the Credit. The balance of 10% of the procee