中考代詞講解

1、Pronouns一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞四四. .指示代詞指示代詞二二. .物主代詞物主代詞五五. .不定代不定代詞詞三三. .反身代詞反身代詞六六. .疑問代詞疑問代詞七七. .連接代詞連接代詞八八. .關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞第一人稱第一人稱第二人稱第二人稱第三人稱第三人稱 人稱人稱格格數(shù)數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 主格主格 賓格賓格 主格主格 賓格賓格Iyouhesheitmeyou him her itweyoutheyusyouthem二二. .物主代詞物主代詞人稱人稱分分類類 第一人稱第一人稱 第二人稱第二人稱 第三人稱第三人稱 單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

2、單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形形容容詞詞性性 名名詞詞性性 my my ourouryour your your your his his her her its its their their mine mine ourours s youryours s youryours s his his herhers s its its theirtheirs s 一一. .人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法口訣：人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法口訣：主格作主主格作主語語，賓賓格作格作賓語賓語；空在空在動詞動詞前，主格前，主格填填；空在空在動詞動詞后，后，賓賓格格填沒錯(cuò)填沒錯(cuò)；空后有人物，形容空后有人物，形容詞詞性性填填入；入

3、；空后無人物，名空后無人物，名詞詞性性填填入。入。二二.人稱代詞和物主代詞的運(yùn)用技巧：人稱代詞和物主代詞的運(yùn)用技巧： A：首先運(yùn)用口訣解題。：首先運(yùn)用口訣解題。 B：然后翻譯句子：然后翻譯句子,檢查答案是否正確。檢查答案是否正確。 C：注意：注意“動賓結(jié)構(gòu)動賓結(jié)構(gòu)”及及“介賓結(jié)構(gòu)介賓結(jié)構(gòu)”的運(yùn)用。的運(yùn)用。1.Miss Lin teaches_ English this term. ( we ) -You are lucky ._is a very good teacher. ( her )2. Her hair is shorter than_. ( me ) 3. Hong Zhanhui

4、moves China with a moving story. We must learn from_. ( he )usShehimmine5. Mr. Wang is very friendly, and_ like him very much. A. we B. us C. our D. ours6. The visitors asked _lots of questions about Chinese culture during the tour. A. I B. my C. me D. mine 4.-Ive forgotten to bring my bread. - Neve

5、r mind. You can have some of_. A. I B. my C. mine D. meCCA 7.Peter is a reporter, the tape recorder is_. A. him B. hers C. his D. he 8.-Do you know Alice? - Yes, I know_ very well. A. she B. her C. herself D. hersCB1 1、單數(shù)你他我，復(fù)數(shù)一二三，道歉我為先、單數(shù)你他我，復(fù)數(shù)一二三，道歉我為先. .一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞1.我、你、他、都我、你、他、都18歲。歲。_2.你們、我們

6、、他們都來自中國。你們、我們、他們都來自中國。 _.You, he and I are 18.We, you and they are from China2 2、在簡短對話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在、在簡短對話中，當(dāng)人稱代詞單獨(dú)使用或在not not 后多用賓格后多用賓格. . I like English. _ too. A. I B. He C. Me1. Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. her2. Miss Li invited _ have dinner with her . A. me and you B. you and I

7、C. you and me3. Who taught _ English last term? A. them B. their C. they3 3、it it 的特殊用法的特殊用法 it 可指嬰兒或不明身份的人可指嬰兒或不明身份的人.1. who is the person over there? It is the headmaster. It 也可用來表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。也可用來表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。1.天氣：天氣： How cold it is today!2. 時(shí)間：時(shí)間： Its about eight oclock.3. 距離：距離： Its 200 kilometers

8、 from here.一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞it 指代前面提到過的事物指代前面提到過的事物The book on the desk is not mine. Its Jims. 1. - Who is knocking at the door? - I dont know . I was lying in the bed and just ask who _ was. A. he B. she C. it 2. I cant find my hat . I dont know where I put _. A. one B. it C. that3. I cant find my hat

9、. I think I must buy_. A. it B. one C. that 固定句型固定句型1. 做某事情對某人來說是 It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth. It is easy for me to learn English.2. 輪到某人做 Its ones turn to do sth. Its my turn to clean the classroom. 一一. .人稱代詞人稱代詞 3. 是（某人）做某事的時(shí)候了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth. Its time to go to school. 4. 據(jù)說 I

10、ts said that Its said that quite a few boys like playing basketball in their spare time. 5. 某人花費(fèi)做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes me an hour to finish my homework.6. 自從以來，已經(jīng)有（時(shí)間）了。 It is /has been + 時(shí)段時(shí)段 + since + 從句從句(過去時(shí)過去時(shí))It has been three years since I learnt English.7. 某人發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感覺到

11、做某事是的 find sb. think feel He found it hard to learn English.+ it + adj. to do 1.I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. goi

12、ng 1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs5. The do

13、g is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its三三. .反身代詞反身代詞 人稱人稱分類分類第一人稱第一人稱第二人稱第二人稱 第三人稱第三人稱單單 數(shù)數(shù) 復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)myself ourselves yourself yourselveshimselfthemselvesherself itself 2. 2. 反身代詞常見固定搭配反身代詞常見固定搭配 過得愉快過得愉快自學(xué)自學(xué) 請隨便吃請隨便吃 自言自語自言自語 獨(dú)自獨(dú)自 受傷受傷 不要客氣不要客氣 陶醉沉浸于陶醉沉浸于 蘇醒蘇醒 照顧自己照顧自己三三. .反身代詞反身代

14、詞 teach oneself /learn by oneself enjoy oneself help oneself to sth.say to oneselfby oneself hurt oneself make oneself at home lose oneself income to oneselflook after oneself If I live_, I can_, _, _, _. _some delicious food, but if I _some food, I will_ ,I have to _medical knowledge,_ 三三.反身代詞的用法（記

15、住以下短文）：反身代詞的用法（記住以下短文）： 如果我獨(dú)自居住，我會自己洗澡，自己穿衣，自己如果我獨(dú)自居住，我會自己洗澡，自己穿衣，自己玩得開心，放松自己玩得開心，放松自己. .給自己買些好吃的，但是如果給自己買些好吃的，但是如果我隨便吃東西，我會傷到自己，我不得不自學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)知我隨便吃東西，我會傷到自己，我不得不自學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)知識，照顧好自己。識，照顧好自己。by myselfwash myselfdress myselfenjoy myselfrelax myselfbuy myselfhelp myself tohurt myselfteach myselflook after myself1.-

16、I made the cakes by _, help _,children. -Thank you. A. myself, yourself B. myself , yourselves C. me , you D. yourself, myself2.His English teacher is not only strict with the students but also with_. A. her B. she C. herself D. themselvesBC1.The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B.

17、 his C. himself2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselves C. your四四. .指示代詞指示代詞The weather in China is quite different from that in USA .單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)近指近指this 這個(gè)這個(gè)these 這些這些

18、遠(yuǎn)指遠(yuǎn)指that 那個(gè)那個(gè)those 那些那些注：打電話時(shí)用注：打電話時(shí)用this 介紹自己，用介紹自己，用that 詢問詢問對方對方This is Mike speaking. 我是邁克。我是邁克。Whos that? 你是誰？你是誰？四四. .指示代詞指示代詞 The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. it The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those What

19、 I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight. A. it B. this C. that初中階段常見的普通不定代詞some & anyfew & littlenoneoneothermany & mucheither & neithereach & everyboth & all some & any some 肯定句肯定句 any 否定句否定句/ 疑問句疑問句some 也可以用于疑問句中表示請求、建也可以用于疑問句中表示請求、建議，希望得到肯定答復(fù)。議，希望得到肯定答復(fù)。Would

20、 you like _ coffee?someHe has some Chinese paintings. There arent any students in the classroom. 特殊用法特殊用法：any用于肯定句表示用于肯定句表示“任何任何”的意思。的意思。Any child can do that.（定語）（定語） You may take any of them.（賓語）（賓語）some用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示“某一某一”。Smith went to some place in England.（定（定語）語）在期待對方回答在期待對方回答yes 時(shí)，時(shí)，

21、some用在表示用在表示請求請求或邀請或邀請的問句中。的問句中。Would you like some bananas?（邀請）（邀請）Mum, could you give me some money?(請求請求)1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody3. Would you

22、like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else few / a few & little / a little 當(dāng)前面由當(dāng)前面由only 修飾，常用修飾，常用 a few 或或a little .a little 可表示可表示“有點(diǎn)，稍微有點(diǎn)，稍微”肯定否定可數(shù)a fewfew不可數(shù)a littlelittle1.Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B

23、. a few C. a little2. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few3. You are so great! _ people in the school can do it . A. A little B. Little C. Fewone itone it The box is in the middle of the room. Move _ away. A. it B. one C. / I have lost my pen. I have to buy _. A. one B. it

24、 C. / How nice your bag is! I want to buy _. A. it B. one C. /one 同類同類不同件不同件it 同類同類同件同件each everyeach everyeach (常與常與of連用連用)every(不直接與不直接與of連用連用)兩兩者或以上的每一個(gè)人或物者或以上的每一個(gè)人或物三三者或以上每一個(gè)人或物者或以上每一個(gè)人或物 every other 每隔每隔Eg: every other day 每隔一天每隔一天 = every two days I gave them _ an apple. A. every B. each C. ea

25、ch of There is a line of trees on _ side of the street. Aevery Beach Cboth She goes shopping _ five days. A. every B. each C. each of 他隔天來這里。他隔天來這里。 He came here _ day.Each of us wears a T-shirt.every othernone no onenone no onenoneno one沒有什么人沒有什么人 / 物物“沒有人沒有人” 只能指人只能指人回答回答 how many 問句問句回答回答who問句問句n

26、one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞 / them 謂語用單數(shù)謂語用單數(shù) How many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy Who is in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. one None of them _ China. A. come from B. is from C. is come fromeither of 兩者之一+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 / them / us謂單neither of 兩者兩者都不都不謂單both of 兩者兩者都都謂復(fù) _ of the girls

27、_ him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; areeither neither botheither neither botheither neith

28、er botheither neither both Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studyingeither or 或者或者或者或者就近原則neither nor 兩者兩者都不都不both and 兩者兩者都都復(fù)數(shù)謂語 The students are all from Fos

29、han . They _ like their city . A. both B. all C. either Lucy and Lily _ agree with us. A. all B. both C. neither How are your parents ? They are _ fine. A. both B. all C. no I didnt see it, _. A. too B. as well C. either He couldnt open the door. _. A. Neither could I B. So could I C. Neither couldn

30、t I They_ in good health, and they_ there. A. are both; will both go B. both are; will go both C. are both; both goeseither否定句末否定句末 “也也”neither倒裝句表否定倒裝句表否定 neither + 助動詞助動詞 / be / 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + 主語主語both助動詞助動詞 / be / 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + both both + 行為動詞行為動詞不定代詞不定代詞意義意義用法說明用法說明other另外的只作定語，常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用the other兩者中的另一

31、個(gè)常與one連用，構(gòu)成one.the other. ;作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，表示“其余的全部”others泛指別的人或物是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指別的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定語，可以構(gòu)成some.others.結(jié)構(gòu)the others特指其余所有的人或物是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，特指其余所有的人或物another任何一個(gè)，另一個(gè)指三者或三者以上中的任何一個(gè)，用作形容詞或代詞 Tom and Mary have arrived, but _ in your class arent here yet. A. the others B. others C. the other One

32、of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white. A. the other Banother C. others This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one. A. other B. others C. another other the other other the other others the others anotherothers the others another3. My shoes are too small

33、. I want to buy_ pair. A. others B. the other C. other D. another4. Mr. Green has two sons. One is a worker,_ is a doctor. A. others B. the other C. other D. another5. There are many students in the classroom. Some are reading, _ are doing homework. A. others B. the other C. other D. anotherDBA6.Our

34、 class has 55 students, 23 of them are girls,_ are boys. A. the other B. the others C. others D. other7.Betty and John have come back, but_ students in the class havent been back yet. A. the other B. another C. other D. the others BA復(fù)合不定代詞somebody某人某人anybody任何人任何人nobody沒有人沒有人everybody每人每人someone某人an

35、yone任何人no one 沒有人everyone每人something某事anything任何事nothing沒有東西everything每一件事復(fù)合不定代詞使用注意事項(xiàng) 1當(dāng)句子陳述部分的主語是指人的復(fù)合不定代詞，如everybody, nobody,anyone等時(shí)，其反義疑問部分的主語通常用代詞they;若是指物，如everything, nothing等時(shí)，則其反義疑問部分的主語通常用代詞it。 eg：Everybody is here, arent they? Everything is ready, isnt it? 2.當(dāng)形容詞或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞和else必須

36、放在這些詞的后面 Tom has something important to tell you. Can you find anyone else? 3.everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人； Id like everyone to be happy. 我希望人人都幸福。 every one 既可指人也可指物，還可以和of的短語連用 I have kept every one of her letters. 我把她的每一封信都保存了下來。四四. 相互代詞：相互代詞： each other, each others 1.-Would you like _ coffee? -No, thanks. Ive already have_. A. any, some B. some, some C. some, any D. any, anyBAs classmates, We should help_, for example, we can use _school things.each othereach others五五.不定代詞不定代詞:2.-Do you have_ apples? - Sorry, I dont have_. But I have_ cakes. A. any, any, any