英語2011屆高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)連詞考點(diǎn)

1、2010屆高考第一輪復(fù)習(xí)連詞考點(diǎn)一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：連詞考點(diǎn)二. 重難點(diǎn)講解：1. Im sorry, _ I wont be able to come tonight.A. forB. andC. butD. then陷阱：容易誤選A，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮木渥邮怯靡哉f明 Im sorry 的原因的，所以便想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為要選for來表示原因。分析：事實(shí)上，Im sorry 后習(xí)慣上不接表示原因的連詞 for，而接表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞 but（也可省略 but），用以委婉地提出一個(gè)使對方不快的事實(shí)。又如：Oh, sorry, but shes out. 哦，不好意思，她出去了。Im sorry, but I hav

2、e to disagree. 對不起，我不敢茍同。Im sorry, but I have already had another appointment. 對不起，我已經(jīng)有約會(huì)了。注：Im sorry 后雖然不能接表原因的連詞for，但卻可接介詞 for。如：Im sorry for shouting at you. 對不起沖你嚷嚷了。I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不該對你講那些話。2. The point is not who said the words, _ they are true or not.A. but whetherB. and

3、 whetherC. but howD. and how 陷阱：幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。分析：最佳答案為A。此題涉及兩個(gè)搭配：一是 not but （不是而是），二是 whether or not （是否）。請看類例：He was not an actor, who often appeared on stage, _ a writer, writing stories.A. butB. andC. thenD. so答案選A，主要考查 not but 結(jié)構(gòu)。3. Just because they make more money than I do, _ they seem to look

4、down on me. A. soB. andC. butD. 不填陷阱：但容易誤選A，將漢語的“因?yàn)樗浴敝弊g為 because so 。分析：此題正確答案為D，但是按英語語法，because 為從屬連詞，用以引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，它表明整個(gè)句子為復(fù)合句；而 so 在表示“所以”時(shí)，它是并列連詞，用以連接兩個(gè)簡單句使之成為并列句。由于在同一句中既用了從屬連詞 because，又用了并列連詞 so，使得該句一半像復(fù)合句，一半像并列句，從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。正確的做法是，任意去掉 because 和 so 中的一個(gè)，使之要么成為復(fù)合句，要么成為并列句。4. Although he had only ente

5、red the contest for fun, _ he won first prize. A. butB. andC. evenD. 不填陷阱：容易誤選A，將漢語的“雖然但是”直譯為 although but 。分析：正確答案選D。按英語語法，although 為從屬連詞，用以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，它表明整個(gè)句子為復(fù)合句；而 but 在表示“但是”時(shí)，它是并列連詞，用以連接兩個(gè)簡單句使之成為并列句。由于在同一句中既用了從屬連詞 although，又用了并列連詞 but ，使得該句一半像復(fù)合句，一半像并列句，從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。正確的做法是，任意去掉 although 和 but 中的一個(gè)，使之要么成

6、為復(fù)合句，要么成為并列句。其實(shí)，此題與上面一題的分析思路是一樣的。這里順便說一句，許多同學(xué)（包括許多老師和教學(xué)參考書）為了便于記憶，將此題與上面一題的知識點(diǎn)簡單地歸納為“按英語習(xí)慣，because和so不可連用，although 與 but 不可連用”。這種說法在通常情況下無疑是對的，也是有效的，但同學(xué)們一定要在明白以上道理的情況下來使用此規(guī)則，如果只是死記該規(guī)則，有時(shí)遇到一些語言特例仍然會(huì)出錯(cuò)。如：But I didnt know that then, although I learned it later. 但我當(dāng)時(shí)的確不知道此事，盡管后來我還是知道了。此句既用了并列連詞 but，又用了從

7、屬連詞 although，但它并未造成錯(cuò)誤，原因是此句與上面所討論的情形有所不同，即此句 but 用于 although 之前，but 在此僅起到與上文轉(zhuǎn)折的作用，but 后的 I didnt know that then, although I learned it later. 仍為一個(gè)復(fù)合句。I tried doing the accounts, but although I knew some maths I found it very difficult. 我試著算這些賬，但盡管我懂點(diǎn)數(shù)學(xué)，仍感到很困難。此句將 but 與 although 用在一起，但此句也沒有錯(cuò)誤。該句從總體來看

8、，它是一個(gè)以并列連詞 but 連接的并列句，而在該并列句的后面一句又是一個(gè)包含讓步狀語從句 although I knew some maths 的復(fù)合句這種句型就是所謂的并列復(fù)合句。此句也可改寫為 I tried doing the accounts, but I found it very difficult although I knew some maths.5. When the last prize had been awarded _ everybody cleared off. A. andB. soC. orD. 不填陷阱：容易想當(dāng)然地誤選A。分析：句首 when 引導(dǎo)的是一

9、個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，它暗示整個(gè)句子為復(fù)合句；而so, and, or 為并列連詞，無論選哪一個(gè)，都表明整個(gè)句子為并列句，從而導(dǎo)致前后矛盾，所以A、B、C均不能選擇。此題正確答案選D，everybody cleared off 為整個(gè)復(fù)合句的主句。請看類似例子：（1） If wishes were horses, _ beggars would ride. A. andB. soC. orD. 不填（2） If Im mistaken, _ you are mistaken too.A. soB. andC. orD. 不填（3） Just before I left London, _ I sen

10、t him a telegram. A. andB. soC. orD. 不填（4） After they had each said a few words, _ Lloyd George took the floor. A. andB. soC. orD. 不填答案均選D，空格前分別為 if, when, before, after 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，空格后為整個(gè)復(fù)合句的主句?！镜湫屠}】1. “Shall we stop for lunch _ shall we drive on?” “Lets stop for lunch, but the driver cant drink _ dri

11、ve.”A. and, andB. or, orC. and, orD. or, and2. “_ when does the pub stay open?” “About midnight.” A. SinceB. BeforeC. UntilD. After3. “Would you like tea _ coffee?” “_, thanks.” A. or, NoB. and, EitherC. or, NeitherD. and, Each4. He imagines that people dont like him, _ they do.A. andB. thenC. soD.

12、but5. I firmly believe _ he said at the meeting was right.A. thatB. whichC. that whatD. what that6. Will you deliver, _ do I have to come to the shop to collect the goods? A. andB. orC. soD. then7. It shocked me to see _ my neighbors treated their children. A. whyB. whetherC. howD. since8. _ the gov

13、ernment agrees to give extra money , the theatre will have to close. A. UntilB. UnlessC. SinceD. While9. We were just about ready to leave _ it started to snow. A. whenB. beforeC. afterD. since10. I dont like chicken _ fish.I dont like chicken, _ I like fish very much.A. and, andB. and, butC. or, bu

14、tD. or, and11. Would you like to come to dinner tonight?Id like to, _ Im too busy.A. andB. soC. asD. but答案與解析：1. 選D，第一空填 or，表選擇；第二空填 and，cant drink and drive 指不能同時(shí)既喝酒又開車，即不能酒后開車。2. 選C，句意為“這家酒店開門到什么時(shí)候?（或這家酒店什么時(shí)候關(guān)門?）”3. 選C，選項(xiàng)A用No來回答選擇疑問句，不妥；選項(xiàng)B用 and 連接 tea 與 coffee，說明問句并非提供選擇，而答語卻用了 either 這樣表選擇性的詞語，也

15、不妥；選項(xiàng)D與語境不符。4. 選D，前后意思轉(zhuǎn)折，故選 but。注：but they do = but they like him。5. 選C，that 為引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞，在 that what he said at the meeting was right 這一賓語從句中，又包含有what he said at the meeting 這一主語從句，而在該主語從句中，what用作動(dòng)詞 said 的賓語。6. 選B，or 表選擇。7. 選C。how 修飾謂語動(dòng)詞 treated。8. 選B，從句意推知。9. 選A，when 在此用作并列連詞，意為“這時(shí)（突然）”。10. 選C。第一空填

16、or，在否定詞后用or，表示否定兩者；第二空填but，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。11. 選D。but表轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語意。而表并列的and， 結(jié)果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。參考資料：連詞連詞分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。并列連詞是連接主語與主語，謂語與謂語，句子與句子，分詞與分詞的詞，它要求前后兩部分有相同的形式和語法作用；而從屬連詞一般連接主句與從句，從句形式有名詞性從句，定語從句和狀語從句等。（一）并列連詞：并列連詞可用來連接詞與詞，詞組與詞組，分句與分句。常用的并列連詞有：and（和），as well as（既又），both and（不但而且），not only but also（不但而且），not

17、but（不是而是），neither nor（既不也不），either or（不是就是），or（或者），but （但是），yet（然而），for（因?yàn)椋瑂o（所以），while（而），when（這時(shí)）等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光榮的）yet difficult task./ Strike while

18、iron is hot.（二）從屬連詞從屬連詞是指在復(fù)合句中引導(dǎo)從句的連結(jié)詞。常見的從屬連詞有：引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的：because, since, as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的：although, though, no matter（無論）, even if （though）引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的：if, unless, once, so （as） long as 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的：so that , such that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的：so that

19、, in order that 引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的：as as , not so （as） as , than 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的：as if 引導(dǎo)主語，賓語或表語從句的連詞主要有：that, whether, if三個(gè)。其中that 和whether間或還可以引起同位從句和狀語從句。（三）某些用法比較特殊的從屬連詞用法區(qū)別1. 當(dāng)while, when, as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別： while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性。謂語動(dòng)詞多為進(jìn)行時(shí)，或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般時(shí)。while 的這些用法可用when代替，等于 “at the time that”, “during the time th

20、at”。例如：Please keep quiet while （when） others are studying； when除可指一段時(shí)間外，還可用來指一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，等于 “at the time”，也就是說when引出的時(shí)間狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是終止性的，也可以延續(xù)性的。因此主句和從句的謂語可以是一般時(shí)，進(jìn)行時(shí)，或完成時(shí)。例如：When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment.（when不能換成while）He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English.（whe

21、n可換成while） as常可與when，while通用，但強(qiáng)調(diào)“一邊、一邊”。例如：As （when, while） I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of number 37. when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的主語與主句主語一致，主、謂是“主語+系動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，這時(shí)主語和系動(dòng)詞可以省略。例如：When （he was） young, he worked for a rich man./ Shell be here to give you help when （if it is） necessary. wh

22、en有時(shí)代替if，引導(dǎo)條件句，意為“如果”、“假如”，例如：Ill come when （if） Im free.2. before作連詞一般表示時(shí)間，意為“在之前”，但有些句子中這樣譯就顯得別扭。試看以下句子的翻譯：He almost knocked me down before he saw me.他幾乎把我撞倒才看見我；Before I could get in a word he had measured me.我還沒來得及插話，他已經(jīng)給我量好了尺寸。3. till, until作為介詞式從屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語短語或狀語從句，用于否定句時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為not until （till），主句謂語

23、動(dòng)詞延續(xù)與非延續(xù)皆可，意為“直到才”。用于肯定句時(shí)，只與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，表示“到為止”。例如：They played volleyball until （till） it got dark./ They didnt talk（延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）until （till） the interpreter（譯員）came./ He didnt go to bed（非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）until （till） the his father came back.；until可以放在句首，till則不行，例如：Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing.

24、/ Not until he finished his work did he go home.（倒裝）；till, until只用于時(shí)間，以下句子是錯(cuò)誤的：We walked till the edge of the forest.（要用as far as或to）。4. because, since, as引導(dǎo)原因狀語時(shí)注意使用上的區(qū)別： 如果原因構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分，一般用because，因此because引導(dǎo)的從句往往放在句末。用why提問的句子，一定用because回答。例如：He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill； 如原

25、因已為人們所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as，或 since。since比as更正式些。as和since引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句子的開頭。例如：As you are tired, you had better rest./ Since everyone is here, now lets begin.5. although和though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句往往用法一樣，但注意以下區(qū)別： although用于各種文體，而though則多用于非正式的口語或書面語中。注意由although, though引導(dǎo)的從句后，主句不能用but，但可用副詞yet, still。例如：Although/ Thou

26、gh it rained all the morning, they still went on working.（或yet they went on working） though常與even連用，even though表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，意為“即使”，但不能說even although，例如：Even though I didnt understand a word, I dept smiling. though可用作副詞，意為“然而”，常用逗號與句子分開。although則不能這樣使用，它只作連詞。例如：It was a quiet party, I had a good time, though

27、.6. once作副詞譯“曾經(jīng)”，作為連詞譯“一旦”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。相當(dāng)于if的加強(qiáng)形式。例如：I dont believe he was once a thief. （once這里是副詞）/ Once Aristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than light objects, he taught it as a truth to his students. （once連詞）7. unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句等于if not 。例如：Hell accept the job unless t

28、he salary is too low. （ = Hell accept the job if the salary is not too low.）8. 在用as if引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句及表語從句中，根據(jù)情況要使用虛擬語氣。例如：He talks as if he knew all about it. 但有時(shí)也可用直陳語氣。例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.9. whether, if引導(dǎo)從句的用法區(qū)別： 引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句或同位語從句時(shí)，用whether，不用if。例如：Whether they will go to the Great Wa

29、ll is not known./ The question is whether we can finish the task on time./ The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. whether可接不定式，而if則不可。例如：I havent decided whether to leave or not. whether可作介詞的賓語或置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，而if則不可。例如：Everything depends on whether we have enou

30、gh money./ Whether he will come, I am not sure. whether和if均可引導(dǎo)賓語從句， whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句一般都是肯定句，if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以是肯定的，也可以是否定的（此時(shí)不能用whether），例如：Could you tell us whether/ if it rains in winter in Australia?/ I wonder if it doesnt rain. 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的whether和if?？膳cor not連用。連用時(shí)要注意or not的位置，它一般與 whether、if分開使用，有時(shí)它可與whether

31、合起來使用，但不能與if合起來使用。例如：I dont know whether/ if they will come or not./ I dont know whether or not they will come. if可用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，譯“如果”，whether則不行。例如：If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.10. as作從屬連詞可引導(dǎo)多種狀語從句。 as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)時(shí)”。例如：As （he was） a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster.

32、/ He sang as he worked. as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，意為“象一樣”。例如：We must do as the Party teaches us. as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。意為“由于”，例如：As you are tired, you had better rest. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。意為“雖然”、“盡管”Child as he is, he can do it well. （ = Although he is a child, he can do it well.）另外，as做為關(guān)系代詞還可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，如：I have the same book as you.閱讀練

33、習(xí)：Tom was one of the brightest boys in the year, with supportive parents. But when he was 15 he suddenly stopped trying. He left school at 16 with only two scores for secondary school subjects. One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer（同齡人） group. The lack of

34、 right male（男性的）role models in many of their lives at home and particularly in the school environment（環(huán)境） means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.They dont see men succeeding in society so it doesnt occur to them that they could make something of themselves.

35、Without male teachers as a role model, the effect of peer actions and street culture（文化）is all-powerful. Boys want to be part of a club. However, schools can provide the environment for change, and provide the right role models for them. Teachers need to be trained to stop that but not in front of a

36、 childs peers. You have to do it one to one, because that is when you see the real child.Its pointless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong. They see it as a welcome day off to watch television or play computer games. Instead, schools should have a special unit where a child who has done

37、 wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problems somewhere he can work away from his peers and go home after the other children.64. Why did Tom give up studying?A. He disliked his teachers.B. His parents no longer supported him.C. Its cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.D. T

38、here were too many subjects in his secondary school.65. What seems to have a bad effect on students like Tom?A. Peer groups. B. A special unit.C. The student judges. D. The home environment.66. What should schools do to help the problem schoolboys?A. Wait for their change patiently.B. Train leaders

39、of their peer groups.C. Stop the development of street culture.D. Give them lessons in a separate area.67. A teachers work is most effective with a schoolboy when he _.A. is with the boy aloneB. teaches the boy a lessonC. sends the boy home as punishmentD. works together with another teacher【模擬試題】（答

40、題時(shí)間：60分鐘）1 .He is very old,_ he still works very hard. A. but B.if C.when D.as2. _ you are dismissed.A. Neither you go nor B. Either you go or C. Whether you go or D. Both you go and3. They had camped once before, _ they knew what to take.A. because B. now C. so D. since4. Why these things happened

41、was _ the driver had been careless. A. because of B. owing toC. due to D. that5. Although, its raining, _are still working in the fields.A. they B. but they C. and theyD. so they6._we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint.A. So B. Since that C. Now that D. By now.7. Write clearly _ yo

42、ur teacher can understand .you correctly.A. since B. for C. becauseD. so that8.Youll miss the train _ you hurry up.A. unless B. as C. if D. until9. Francis did the task_ his brother.A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as10. The size of the audience,_ we had expected, was well over

43、 twenty thousand.A. as B. what C. that D. whom11. I thought he hated the TV .You are right,_ he still watches the program.A. yet B. besides C. also D. then12. It looks _ its going to rain.A. that B. as C. as if D. like that13. _ to New York, her father has not heard from her.A. Because she went B. A

44、fter she wentC. When she went D. Since she went14. _he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky.A. Until B. Since C. While D. During15. We arrived at the station _ the train had left.A. after B. before C. since D. when16._ he was in poor health, he worked just as hard as everyone else.A. But B. Alth

45、ough C. Even if D. If17. Give me one more minute _ Ill have finished.A. so B. until C. and D. when18. The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months,_ he could not find any work.A. and B. yet C. or D. and but19. Hurry up, _ youll be late.A. or B. and C. so D. yet20. Do not make the same mistake _

46、 I did.A. so B. as C. like D. that21. My sister is expecting me,_ I must be off now. A. however B. or C. so D. otherwise22. We should pay attention _ to industry _ to agriculture.A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not, but D. both, and23. He ran off_ I could stop him.A. before B. after C. since D. whe

47、n24. _ you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. A. Till B. Until C. After D. Since25. Where have you been _ you left home?A. before B. as C. since D. when 26. _ the problem of method is solved, talking about the task is useless.A. UntilB. SinceC. AfterD. Unless27. We have produced 15% more

48、 cotton this year_ we did last year.A. as B. than C. like D. white28. It is late; _, Im too tired to go out.A. besides B. except C. except for D. except that29. Everything around us is _ solid .liquid _ gas.A. not . .but. B. either. .or.C. neither. .nor. D. whether. .or.30. He will come _ you ask hi

49、m.A. whether B. unless C. if D. while31._ he will come or not is still unknown.A. If B. Where C. That D. Whether32. I don t know _ to stay at home or go out. A. whether B. if C. how D. where33. He spoke loudly _ the audience could hear him clearly.A. so B. that C. so that D. in order to34. The book

50、is not easy._ its rather difficult.A. On the one hand B. On the contrary C. On the other hand D. On the other contrary35. You must work hard,_ you will not learn English well.A. if B. whether C. otherwise D. unless36. It rained heavily,_ the basketball match had to be put off.A. so that B. when C. o

51、therwise D. therefore37. We must do _ the people want us to do.A. whatever B. however C. wherever D. whenever38. You are certainly right,_ others may say.A. what B. whatever C. that D. as39._ makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B. What C. Whoever D. Whatever40. Ill discuss it with you _ you like

52、 to come. A. when B. where C. whoever D. whenever41._ you work, you must always serve the people heart and soul.A. Wherever B. Whenever C. Where D. When42._you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty. A. Once B. At once C. Only D. Only then43._ difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.A. No matter how B. No matter what C. No matter when D. No matter where44. We can surely overcome these difficulties,_ we are closely united.A. so far as B. so long