中考專項(xiàng)--賓語從句

1、天津市九十二中學(xué)電子教案 課題中考專項(xiàng)-賓語從句2013年 6 月 10 日第 16 周第 1課時(shí)（總第 40 課時(shí)）教材分析教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)語序和時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)與措施特殊疑問句及客觀真理的時(shí)態(tài)。教學(xué)過程環(huán)節(jié)教 學(xué) 內(nèi) 容 與 師 生 活 動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)意圖和關(guān)注的學(xué)生STEP 1 SUMMARYSTEP 2 PRACTISESTEP 3 EXPLAIN THE MAIN POINTS AND MISTAKES.賓語從句歌訣賓語從句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/how展風(fēng)采。展風(fēng)采有三關(guān)，引導(dǎo)詞、語序、時(shí)態(tài)在把關(guān)。主從時(shí)態(tài)要一致，陳述語序永不變。陳述請(qǐng)你選that，疑問

2、需用if/whether連。特殊問句作賓從，原來問詞不用換。三關(guān)過后莫得意，人稱、標(biāo)點(diǎn)需注意。留意變臉的if/when，從句的簡(jiǎn)化記心間。一、三姊妹賓語從句根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的不同可分為三種類型：1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：We knew (that) we should learn from each other.2. 由if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3. 由who，where，how等連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：Can you tell me how I can get

3、 to the nearest post office？二、三關(guān)1. 引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)如果從句是陳述句，引導(dǎo)詞用that（that在口語或非正式文體中常省略）；如果從句是一般疑問句，引導(dǎo)詞用if/whether；如果從句是特殊疑問句，引導(dǎo)詞用由疑問詞轉(zhuǎn)換而來的疑問代詞/副詞。2. 語序關(guān)陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。如：Does he work hard？I wond

4、er. I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know. I dont know when he left.3. 時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。如：I have heard（that）he will come back next week.如果主句是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。如：He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時(shí)，不管主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如

5、：He said that light travels much faster than sound.三、人稱的變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用1. 從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。如：“May I use your knife？”He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number.2. 賓語從句

6、的標(biāo)點(diǎn)均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號(hào)；主句是疑問句，用問號(hào)。如：Who will give us a talk？I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know？Where does he live？Do you know where he lives？四、兩副面孔if和when既能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，又能引導(dǎo)賓語從句。因此，遇到它們就要認(rèn)真分析一下，它們究竟屬于“兩副面孔”的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow，I wont come.（時(shí)間狀語從句）I dont know if it will rai

7、n tomorrow. （賓語從句）五、從句的簡(jiǎn)化1. 當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是find，see，watch，hear等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.2. 當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主語與從句主語相同時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.3. 在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時(shí)，賓語從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“連接代詞/副詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Can you tell