版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡(jiǎn)介
1、直接引語(Direct Speech):當(dāng)我們引用別人的話語時(shí),若引用的是原話,被引用的部分叫直接引語。 直接引證的最大特點(diǎn)就是有引號(hào)“”。間接引語(Indirect Speech):當(dāng)我們引用別人的話語時(shí),也可以用自己的話把意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來,這種轉(zhuǎn)述的別人說話的部分叫做間接引語。 間接引語的最大特點(diǎn)就是沒有引號(hào)“”。 典型例句:1. She said ,” I like English very much. “(直接引語)
2、 (她說:“我非常喜歡英語”。) 典型例句:2. She said she liked English very much. (間接引語) (她說她非常喜歡英語。) 換言之,直接引語變間接引語就是去掉引號(hào)
3、。直接引語變間接引語,示例如下: 例1)John said to me, “I will come here tomorrow.” John told me that he would go there the next day. 直接引語變間接引語,會(huì)有如下變化:. 變主句動(dòng)詞:如例句的say變tell. 加連接詞:如例句的that. 變從句人稱:如例句的I 變成he. 變時(shí)態(tài):如例句
4、一般將來時(shí)變過去將來時(shí),will-would. 變從句方位動(dòng)詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和指示代詞:come-go, here-there, tomorrow-the next day直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),間接引語中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語以及主謂語詞序往往要作相應(yīng)的變化。 . 人稱變化: 1)“一隨主”是指引號(hào)內(nèi)的主語人稱是第一人稱或被第一人稱修飾,變間接引 語時(shí),人稱要變成引號(hào)外的主語人稱。She said. "My brother wants to go
5、0;with me tomorrow.” She said her brother wanted to go with her the next day. 直接引語中my, me 為第一人稱,要與主句主語she(第三人稱)人稱一樣,故變成her, her.They said, “We will go there by bus.” They said
6、;they would go there by bus. She said “My sister wants to go with me.” She said (that) her sister wanted to go with her.2). “二隨賓”是指引號(hào)內(nèi)的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱修飾,變間接引語時(shí),人稱要變成引號(hào)外的賓語人稱。
7、如果引號(hào)外沒有賓語,也可以用第一人稱。Jack said to me,“You look worried today.” Jack told me that I looked worried that day. 直接引語中you為第二人稱,要與主句賓語me(第一人稱)人稱一樣,變成I.She said to me, “Are you interested
8、in science?” She asked me if I was interested in science. He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" He asked Kate how her sister was then.3)“三不變”是指引號(hào)內(nèi)的主語及
9、賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱修 飾,變間接引語時(shí),人稱一般不需要變化。The teacher asked,“Has she read enough this week?” The teacher asked if she had read enough that week. His mother said to me, “He
10、;can't go to school.” His mother told me that he couldn't go to school. Mr. Smith said, "Jacks brother is a good worker." Mr. Smith said Jacks brot
11、her was a good worker. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化 1)當(dāng)主句(引號(hào)外句子)為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),直接引語變間接引語,時(shí)態(tài)不變化。.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如: He says, “I have finished my homework.” He says that he has finished his homework. .一般將來時(shí)。如: She will say,
12、 “I'll do it tomorrow.” She will say that she'll do it the next day. 2)主句動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)若是過去時(shí),間接引語的時(shí)態(tài)要變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。 直接引語中的時(shí)態(tài)間接引語中的時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)(不變)一般將來時(shí)
13、過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(不變)shall shouldshouldshould(不變)will would wouldwould(不變) may might mightmight(不變) can could could could(不變) 例1)She said ,” I like maths very&
14、#160;much.” (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) She said that she liked maths very much. (一般過去時(shí)) 例2)He said, “ Ive never seen this man .” (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)) He said that he had
15、160;never seen that man. (過去完成時(shí)) 例3)Joe said ,” Im listening to music in my room.” (現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)) Joe said that he was listening to music i
16、n his room. (過去進(jìn)行時(shí))重要提示:在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化。直接引語是客觀真理。1. "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:Jack said. &quo
17、t;John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,變
18、間接引語,時(shí)態(tài)不變。如:He said, "I get up at six every morning。" He said he gets up at six every morning。如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式(例:ought to, had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí),(例:could, should, would, might)不再變。如:1. Peter said. "You had better come have today。" Peter said I had better go there th
19、at day。2. The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.3. He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."He said that he could swim when he was only six.如果直接引語中含有since
20、, when, while 引導(dǎo)的表示過去時(shí)間的狀語從句,在變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),只改變主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞,從句的一般過去時(shí)則不變。如:He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."He told me that he had taught English since he came here. 時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和指示代詞的變化 直接引語中的狀語、指示代詞 間接引語中的狀語、指示代詞 today that day 當(dāng)天yest
21、erdaythe day before 前一天 yesterday morningthe morning before 前天早晨tomorrow the next day/ the following day 第二天tomorrow morningthe next morning /the following morning 第二天早晨next week/month/yearthe next week/month/year 第二周/月/年las
22、t week/month/yearthe week/month/yearbefore ago before three/four/years ago three/four/years beforein 2008 in 2008 (不變) now then 那時(shí)so farby thenhere there this thatthese those the
23、day before yesterday 前天 two days before 兩天前the day after tomorrow 后天 in two days time/ two days after 兩天后 直接引語的句子類型分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句四種。不同的句型對(duì)應(yīng)著不同的引導(dǎo)詞與主句動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)該十分注意。A. 陳述句的間接引語當(dāng)直接引語是陳述句時(shí)
24、,如果主句動(dòng)詞為say/said時(shí),變間接引語時(shí)動(dòng)詞不變;如主句動(dòng)詞為say to sb /said to sb,變間接引語時(shí),要變成tell sb, told sb. 兩種情況后面都要加連詞that。例1:She said ,”We are very fond of sports.” She said that they were very fon
25、d of sports. 例2:He says to me, “I will fly to Shanghai tomorrow.”He tells me that he will fly to Shanghai tomorrow. 例3:Our teacher said to us, “You must hand in your homework on time.” Our teacher told us that we must hand in our homework on time.”【練一練】改為間接引語。1. Tom said to me, “My br
26、other is doing his homework.”2. He said, “These books are mine.”3. My teacher says, “we will have a meeting after class.”4.“I am having supper,” he said. 5.“Ive seen the film,” Gina said to me.B.疑問句的間接引語 1一般疑問句 、反意疑問句
27、160; 一般疑問句改為間接引語時(shí),要用陳述語序,并要加連詞if 或 whether,其主句動(dòng)詞用ask,句末不用問號(hào)。 例1)My teacher said to me, “Do you like American country music ?” My teacher
28、asked me if/whether I liked American country music. 例2) "You have finished the homework, havent you?”my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.重要提示: if 和whether 一般可通用,但 whether可以和or not , or連用,if
29、不能。 例:I asked her whether she had visited the museum two days before or not. 【練一練】改為間接引語。1. She said, “Is your father at home?”2.“Did you read the book last week?” he said. 3.“Do
30、160;you know where she lives?” he asked4.“Are you interested in this?” he said.5. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 6."Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" 2特殊疑問句
31、0; 間接引語為特殊疑問句時(shí),間接引語前仍然用特殊疑問詞作為連詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句,注意從句必須用陳述語序,主句謂語動(dòng)詞常用ask。 例1)He asked, “How do you like it ?” He asked how I liked it.
32、;例2)She said to me, “What's the matter with you?” She asked me what the matter was with me. 例3)”How many books do you have?” she said.
33、; She asked how many books I had. 【練一練】改為間接引語。1. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” 2.“Do you know where she lives?” he asked. 3. Th
34、e teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”4. She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"C. 祈使句的間接引語 1直接引語為祈使句時(shí),引述動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)口氣選用tell, ask, order, command, request等詞,句中please去掉。 結(jié)構(gòu)式為: ask/ tell sb to do sth(肯定句); ask /tell s
35、b not to do sth (否定句) 例1)She said to me, “Please have a rest. ” She asked me to have a rest. 例2)”Don't all answer at once”, she
36、0;said to the pupils. She told the pupils not to answer all at once. 【練一練】改為間接引語。1. "Dont make any noise," she said to the children.2. Bring me a c
37、up of tea, please," said she.3. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.4. “Dont look out of the window,” she said. 2帶有l(wèi)et的祈使句(表示請(qǐng)求,建議或命令),可用suggest + -ing形式或suggest +that從句來表示其相應(yīng)的意思。
38、160; 例1)”Let's go for a walk”, said the girl. The girl suggested going for a walk. 例2)The teacher said, “Let Lily tidy&
39、#160;the classroom.” The teacher suggested that Lily should tidy the classroom. 【練一練】改為間接引語。1. “Lets go home.” Said the boy.2. The gentleman said, “Let Tom finish his work by himself. D. 感嘆句的間接引語
40、60; 1直接引語是感嘆句變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),多采用賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu),用what或how引導(dǎo)。 例1)”What a clever boy you are!” My teacher said to him. My teacher told him what a clever
41、boy he was. 例2)She said,” How interesting the film is !” She said how interesting the film was. 2有些感嘆句可以根據(jù)原句的意思,采用
42、適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞變?yōu)殛愂鼍洌恍栌瞄g接賓語來轉(zhuǎn)述。 例1) “Help! “he cried. He called for help. 例2)”Happy Christmas!” he said. &
43、#160; He wished me a happy Christmas. 【練一練】改為間接引語。1. “How beautiful China is !.” said the boy.2. The gentleman said, “ What a wonderful match it is!”. 3. “How clever a boy you are!” my teacher said to me. E. “Would you pl
44、ease ? “ 如何變?yōu)殚g接引語 “ Would you please ? “雖然是個(gè)一般疑問句,但它表示的是”請(qǐng)求”,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),一般用動(dòng)詞不定式來表示。 句型:主語+ ask / invite +賓語+不定式 例1)”Would you please have lunch with
45、 me tomorrow ?” Mr Zhou asked me. Mr Zhou asked / invited me to have lunch with him the next day. 一、將下列直接引語變成間接引語。1He said: “Ive left my book in
46、0;my room.” 2She said: “He will be busy.” 3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5The teacher asked, “how did you
47、60;repair it?”6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.” 7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” 8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the
48、sun.” 9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 11He said, “We are still students. 12He said to
49、;me, “I was born in 1978.” 13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” 14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I rea
50、d the book while I was waiting for a bus.16Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.” 17He said, “We insisted&
51、#160;that she start immediately. 18She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.” 19I said to him, “I have finished it.” 20She said to us,“ Ill come here&
52、#160;tomorrow.”21“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked. 22“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said ha
53、ppily.23“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.
54、25“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.二、選擇題 。1. A: What did your teacher say just now ? B: He asked me _ this morning. A. how
55、60;did Tom come to school B. When Tom got to school C. Why was Tom late for school 2. Tom said he _ back in a week. A. will come
56、60; B. would come C. come 3. The policeman asked the child _ so that he could take him home. A. where did he live &
57、#160; B. where he lived C. how he lived 4. John asked me _ to visit his uncles farm with him. A. how
58、 would I like B. if or not would I like C. whether I would like D. which I would like 5.
59、;He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 6.-“Please close
60、0;the window,” he said to me. -He _ me _ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked to close
61、60; D. said to; please close 7.-“I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher
62、160;C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher 8.-He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was&
63、#160; B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the
64、60;boy was .-He asked , “ Are you a League member?” He asked me _. A. am I a League member B. was I a League&
65、#160;member C. if I was a League member D. whether a League member. 10.He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _. A. h
66、ow am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how
67、 was I getting along 11.-He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont do
68、 C. told me; dont do D. told me; not to do 12. I wonder if he _ tonight. If he _, Ill let you know. A. will come; will come
69、60; B. comes; comes C. will come; comes D. comes; will come 13. Nobody knows _ hell come or not. A. that &
70、#160; B. if C. / D, whether 14. I cant say _ I want to see him again. We havent
71、seen each other for nearly three years. A. how long B. how much C. how soon D. how&
72、#160;often 15. After the examination, my teacher told me that failure _ the mother of success. A. was B. is
73、160; C. be D. been 16. “You ve already got well, haven t you?” she asked. She asked _. A. if I have already got
74、60;well, hadn t you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well
75、160; D. had I already got well. 17. Excuse me, but can you tell me _? A. where can I get to the
76、;library B. where I can get to the library C. how can I get to the library D. how I can get to the library 18. Id like
77、;to know _ Chinese. A. when he began to learn B. when did he begin to learn C. when did he begin learning D
78、. for how long he began to learn 19. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. whats
79、0;the matter D. what was the matter 20. Can you make sure _? A. that he will come here today B. when he will come h
80、ere today C. will he come here today D. whether will he come here today 21. Do you happen to know _? A. where is her address
81、0; B. in which place is her address C. what her address is D. the place her address is 22. Tom asked Jack _ .
82、; A. why he was so excited B. why was he so excited C. why is he so excited
83、60; D. why he is so excited 23. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film &
84、#160; B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film 24. What
85、0;did Mike say? He said _. A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it C. summer comes after spring 25. You mus
86、t remember _. A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say C. your teacher said what 26. Mike wants to know if
87、 _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, we'll visit the museum instead. A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ wil
88、l rain C. you will have/ rains 27. I don't know _ up so early last Sunday. A. why did he get B. why
89、0;he gets C. why he got 28. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises 29. He asked
90、160;me _. A. who will kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. where the 2008 Olympics would be held II
91、. 將下列直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語。 1. “My parents are very well. “ said Tom. _ 2. He asked, “ Tom, where did you read it ?” _ 3. The doctor said,” Stay
92、160;in bed for a few days.” _ 4. Tom said,” I woke up feeling ill.” _ 5. He said,” Ill tell Ann I saw you.” _ 6. “ Is h
93、e doing his homework ?” Jim asked. _ 7. Do you like to make friends with us ? He asked. _ 8. Tina said ,” I usually get up at
94、six.” _ 9.Nell said,” I have worked out this problem.” _ 10. Joanna said,” Professor Black is going to give a lecture next week.” _ 11.
95、0;The boy said,” This is the first time I have been here.” _ 12. He said: “Ive left my book in my room.” _ 13. The teacher said to
96、the students, “Dont waste your time.” _14. He said to me, “I was born in 1978.” _ 15. The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” _ 1
97、6. “Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?”the young man asked. _ 17. “Light travels faster than sound.” the physics teacher said to the boys and girl
98、s. _ 18. “What did you do here yesterday? ”the old man asked my brother. _ 19. My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” _ 20. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” _ 21. The teacher
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 二零二五年出口貨運(yùn)代理與綠色物流運(yùn)輸合同3篇
- 貿(mào)易關(guān)稅培訓(xùn)課程設(shè)計(jì)
- 溢流型球磨機(jī)操作、維護(hù)、檢修規(guī)程模版(2篇)
- 二零二五年度體育賽事剪輯與直播合作合同3篇
- 工資集體協(xié)商制度范文(2篇)
- 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)主題課程設(shè)計(jì)圖
- 工地治安綜合管理獎(jiǎng)懲制度模版(2篇)
- 二零二五年度新能源汽車充電站建設(shè)合同范本2篇
- 公司交通安全管理制度(2篇)
- 2025年度綠色水電站建設(shè)與承包經(jīng)營(yíng)一體化合同3篇
- 安全教育教案大班40篇
- 叉車工安全培訓(xùn)資料
- 九年級(jí)英語教學(xué)反思
- 外研新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)初中英語七年級(jí)上冊(cè)冊(cè)寒假提升補(bǔ)全對(duì)話短文練習(xí)三附答案解析
- 《旅游消費(fèi)者行為學(xué)》-課程教學(xué)大綱
- YY/T 1117-2024石膏繃帶
- 【魔鏡洞察】2024藥食同源保健品滋補(bǔ)品行業(yè)分析報(bào)告
- 蘇教版小學(xué)三年級(jí)科學(xué)上冊(cè)單元測(cè)試題附答案(全冊(cè))
- 2024年人教版初一語文(上冊(cè))期末試卷及答案(各版本)
- 生豬屠宰獸醫(yī)衛(wèi)生檢驗(yàn)人員理論考試題及答案
- 物流園保安服務(wù)投標(biāo)方案(技術(shù)方案)
評(píng)論
0/150
提交評(píng)論