化工常用英語詞匯

1、化工常用英語詞匯化工專業(yè)英語詞匯化學專業(yè)課程中英文對照一、化工裝置常用詞匯一概論introduction方案（建議書）proposal可行性研究feasibilitystudy方案設計conceptdesign工藝設計processdesign基礎(chǔ)設計basicdesign詳名田設計detaildesign開工會議kick-offmeeting審核會議reviewmeeting外商投資foreigninvestment中外合資jointventure中外合營jointventure補償貿(mào)易compensationtrade合同合同附件contract賣方vendor買方buyer顧客clien

2、t承包商contractor工程公司company供應范圍scopeofsupply生產(chǎn)范圍productionscope生產(chǎn)能力productioncapacity項目project界區(qū)batterylimit裝置plant報價 quotationutilities公用工程工藝流程圖processflowdiagram工藝流程方塊圖processblockdiagram管道及儀表流程圖pipingandinstrumentdrawing物料及熱量平衡圖mass&heatbalancediagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡圖steam&condensatebalancediagram設

3、備布置圖equipmentlayout設備表equipmentlist成品（產(chǎn)品）productfinalproduct）副產(chǎn)品by-product原料raw-material設計基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)basicdatafordesign技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)technicaldata數(shù)據(jù)表datasheet設計文件designdocument設計規(guī)定designregulation現(xiàn)場服務siteservice項目變更projectchange用戶變更clientchange消耗定額consumptionquota技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓technicaltransfer技術(shù)知識technicalknow-howtechnicalkn

4、owledge技術(shù)保證technicalguarantee咨詢月艮務consultativeservices技術(shù)月艮務technicalservices工作地點location施工現(xiàn)場constructionfield標書biddingbook公司禾U潤companyprofit固定價合同fixedpricecontract固定單價合同fixedunitpricecontract成本力口酬金合同costplusawardfeecontract定金mobilization車艮行保證書bankguaranteeletter保留金retention所得稅incometaxes特別承包人稅specia

5、lcontractor'staxes城市和市政稅cityandmunicipaltaxes工作手冊workmanual工作流程圖workflowdiagram質(zhì)量保證程序QA/QCprocedures采購計戈Uprocurementplan施工計戈Qconstructionplan施工進度constructionschedule項目實施計劃項目協(xié)調(diào)程序項目總進度計劃設計網(wǎng)絡計劃項目質(zhì)量保證項目質(zhì)量控制projectexecutionplanprojectcoordinationprocedureprojectmasterscheduleengineeringnetworklogicpr

6、ojectqualityassuranceprojectqualitycontrol采購procurement采購周期procurementperiodcheck計算書calculationsheets詢價inquiry檢驗inspection運輸transportation開車startup/commission驗收inspection&acceptance校核check審核review審定approve版次version部門department專業(yè)specialty項目號projectnumber圖號drawingnumber目錄contents序言foreword章chapter

7、節(jié)section項itemMRmaterialrequisitionSPECengineeringspecificationDATASHEET（技術(shù)表）technicaldatasheetTBA（技術(shù)評標）technicalbidanalysisPDPpreliminarydesignpackagePM （項目經(jīng)理）project managerLDE（專業(yè)負責人）MRQ（材料詢價單）MRP（材料采購單）lead discipline engineerMaterial requisition for quotationmaterial requisition for purchaseBEP（基

8、礎(chǔ)工程設計包）basic engineering packageandPFDprocessflowdiagramNNFnormallynoflowFOfailureopenFCfailurecloseC/S/Acivil/structure/architectureDDP（詳細設計階段）detaildesignphase二、工藝流程連續(xù)過程continuousprocess間歇過程batchprocess7N敘述processdescription工幺特點processfeature操作operation反應reaction副反應sidereaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flot

9、ation傾析decantation催化反應catalyticalreaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis過濾filtration干燥drying還原reduction氧化oxidation氫化hydrogenation分解decomposition離解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption結(jié)晶crystallization溶解solution調(diào)節(jié)modulate控制control懸浮suspension循環(huán)circulation再生regeneration

10、再活化reactivation瀝取leaching破碎crushing炒燒caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation氣化gasification冷凍refrigeration固化、結(jié)晶solidification包裝package升華sublimation燃燒combustion弓I燒ignition蒸夕留distillation碳化carbonization壓縮compression三、化學物質(zhì)及特性固體solid液體liquid氣體gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片狀粉未flake小粒granule結(jié)晶crystal孚L

11、化物emulsion氧化物oxidizingagent還原劑reducingagent有機物organicmaterial真空vacuum母液masterliquor曷液richliquor貧液leanliquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝劑flocculants冷凍鹽水brine酸度acidity濃度concentration堿度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固,電solidificalionpoint沸點boilingpoint熔點meltingpoint蒸發(fā)率evaporationrate粘度viscosity吸水的waterabsorbent(a

12、)無水的anhydrous(a)外觀appearance無色的colorless(a)透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specificgravity催化劑catalyst燃燒combustion引燃ignition自然點self-ignitiontemperature可燃氣體combustiblegas可燃液體inflammableliquid易燃液體volatileliquid爆炸混合物explosivemixture爆炸性環(huán)境explosiveatmosphere(environment)爆炸極限explosiveconcentrati

13、onlimit廢水wastewater廢液wasteliquid廢氣off-gas噪聲noisepollution成分composition撓度deflection力和力矩forceandmoment彎矩bendingmoment應力-應變曲線stress-straindiagram百分比percentage環(huán)境溫度ambienttemperature工作溫度operating設計溫度designtemperature(pressure)相對濕度RH=relativehumidity油渣、淤泥sludge雜質(zhì)impurity四、化工設備pump軸流泵axialflowpump真空泵vacuum

14、pump屏蔽泵cannedpump柱塞泵plungerpump渦輪泵turbinepump渦流泵vortexpump離心泵centrifugalpump噴射泵jetpump轉(zhuǎn)子泵rotarypump管道泵inlinepump雙作用往復泵doubleactionreciprocatingpump計量泵meteringpump深井泵deepwellpump齒輪泵gearpump手搖泵hand(wobble)pump螺桿泵screw(spiral)pump潛水泵submersiblepump斜轉(zhuǎn)子泵inclinedrotorpump圭寸閉式電磁泵hermeticallysealedmagneticd

15、rivepump氣升泵air-lift-pump軸承bearing葉輪impeller虹吸管siphon高壓容器highpressurevessel焚化爐incinerator火焰清除器flamearrester工業(yè)爐furnace燒嘴burner鍋爐boiler回轉(zhuǎn)窯rotarykiln力口熱器heater電力口熱器electricheater冷卻器cooler冷凝器condenser換熱器heatexchanger反應器reactor蒸儲釜still攪拌器agitator混合器mixer靜態(tài)混合器staticmixers管道混合器linemixers混合槽mixingtanks破碎機cru

16、sher磨碎機grinder研磨機pulverizer球磨機ballmill過濾器filter分離器separator干燥器drier翅片fins煙囪stack火炬flare篩子screen炊燒窯calciner傾析器decanter蒸發(fā)器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor離心機centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber結(jié)晶器crystallizer電解槽electrolyzer電除塵器electricprecipitator洗滌器scrubber消石灰器slaker料倉bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifi

17、er分級器classifier浮洗器flocculator廢液池sump噴射器ejector噴頭sprayer成套設備packageunit儀器設備apparatus附屬設備accessory旋轉(zhuǎn)式壓縮機rotarycompressor往復式壓縮機reciprocatingcompressor水環(huán)式壓縮機nashcompressor螺桿式壓縮機helicalscrewcompressor離心式壓縮機centrifugalcompressor多級壓縮機mutiplestagescompressor固定床反應器fixedbedreactor流化床反應器fluidizedbedreactor管式反應

18、器tubularreactor列管式換熱器tubularheatexchanger螺旋板式換熱器spiralplateheatexchanger萃取塔extractioncolumn板式塔platecolumn填料塔packedcolumn洗滌塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷去口塔coolingtower精夕留塔fractionatingtower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prilltower塔附件toweraccessories液體分配（布）器liquiddistributor填料支持板supportplate定距管spacer降液管downcomer

19、升氣管chimney頂（底）層塔盤top（bottom）tray擋板baffle抽出口drawnozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubblecap篩板sieveplate浮閥floatvalve除沫器demisterpad塔裙座skirt橢圓封頭ellipticalhead高位槽headtank中間槽intermediatetank加料槽feedtank補給槽make-uptank計量槽measuringtank電解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collectingtank液滴分離器knockoutdrum稀釋罐thinningtank緩沖罐surgedrum回流罐r(nóng)efluxdrum閃蒸罐fla

20、shdrum浮頂罐floatingrooftank內(nèi)浮頂罐coveredfloatingrooftank球罐spheroid氣柜gasholder濕式氣柜wetgas-holder干式氣柜drygas-holder螺旋式氣柜helicalgas-holder星型放料器，旋轉(zhuǎn)閥rotaryvalve抽濾器mutchefilter壓濾器filterpress壓濾機pressurefilter板框壓濾器plate-and-framfilterpress轉(zhuǎn)鼓過濾器rotarydrumfilter帶式過濾器beltfilter翻盤式過濾器袋濾器bagfilter旋風分離器cycloneseparator

21、盤式干燥箱compartmenttraydrier真空干燥器vacuumdrier隧道式干燥器tunneldrier回轉(zhuǎn)干燥器rotarydrierthrough circulation drier穿流循環(huán)干燥器spraydrier氣流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圓盤式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder顆式破碎機jaw crusher回轉(zhuǎn)破碎機gyratory crusher滾洞破碎機 roll crusher錘式破碎機hammer crusher沖擊破碎機rotor impact breaker氣流噴射粉碎機jet pulverizer

22、棍磨機rod mill雷蒙機raymond mill錘磨機hammer mill輻磨機roller mill振動篩vibrating screen回轉(zhuǎn)篩rotary screen風機 fan羅茨鼓風機root's blower起重機crane橋式起重機bridge crane電動葫蘆motor hoist發(fā)電機 generator電動機motor汽輪機steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering1閥門valve閥桿 stem內(nèi)螺紋閥桿inside screw閥座valve seat (body seat)閥座環(huán)、密封圈sealing ring閥芯（包括密封

23、圈，桿等）trim閥盤disc閥體body閥蓋bonnet手輪handwheel手柄handlevel（handle）壓蓋gland閘閥gatevalve平行雙閘板doublediscparallelseat楔形單閘板splitwedge截止閥globevalve節(jié)流閥throttlevalve針閥needlevalve角閥（角式截止閥）anglevalveY型閥（截止閥）Y-valve（Y-bodyglobevalve）球閥ballvalve三通球閥3-wayballvalve蝶閥butterflyvalve對夾式（薄片型）wafertype偏心閥板蝶閥offsetdisc（eccentri

24、c）butterflyvalve斜閥盤蝶閥canteddiscbutterflyvalve連桿式蝶閥linkbutterflyvalve止回式蝶I閥combinednon-returnbutterflyvalve柱塞閥pistontypevalve旋塞閥plugvalve三通旋塞閥three-wayplugvalve四通旋塞閥four-wayplugvalve旋塞cock襯套旋塞sleevecock隔膜閥diaphragmvalve橡膠襯里隔膜閥rubberlineddiaphragmvalve直通式隔膜閥straightwaydiaphragmvalve夾緊式膠管閥pinchvalve止回閥

25、checkvalve升降式止回閥liftcheckvalve旋啟式止回閥swingcheckvalve落球式止回閥ballcheckvalve彈簧球式止回閥springballcheckvalve底閥footvalve切斷式止回閥stopcheckvalve活塞式止回閥pistoncheckvalve翻板止回閥flapcheckvalve蝶式止回閥butterflycheckvalve安全泄氣閥safetySV安全泄放閥reliefvalveRV安全泄壓閥safetyreliefvalve杠桿重錘式leverandweighttype罐底排污閥flush-bottomtankvalve波紋管密

26、封閥bellowsealedvalve電磁閥solenoid(operated)valve電動閥electrically(electric-motor)operatedvalve氣動閥pneumaticoperatedvalve低溫用閥cryogenicservicevalve蒸汽疏水閥steamtrap機械式疏水閥mechanicaltrap浮桶式疏水閥open(top)buckettrap浮球式疏水閥floattrap倒吊桶式疏水閥invertedbuckettrap自由浮球式疏水閥loosefloattrap恒溫式疏水閥thermostatictrap壓力平衡式恒溫疏水閥balanced

27、pressurethermostatictrap熱動力式疏水閥thermodynamictrap脈沖式蒸汽疏水閥impulsesteamtrap放汽閥(自動放汽閥)(automatic)airventvalve換向閥diverting(reversing)valve呼吸閥breathervalve減壓閥pressurereducingvalve控制閥controlvalve執(zhí)行機構(gòu)actuator差壓調(diào)節(jié)閥differentialpressureregulatingvalve切斷閥block(shut-off,stop)valve調(diào)節(jié)閥regulatingvalve快開閥quickopenin

28、gvalve快閉閥quickclosingvalve隔斷閥isolatingvalve三通閥threewayvalve夾套閥jacketedvalve非旋轉(zhuǎn)式閥non-rotaryvalve2管子，管件，法蘭管子pipe(按標準制造的配管用管)tube(不按標準規(guī)格制造的其它用管)鋼管steelpipe鑄鐵管castironpipe襯里管linedpipe復合管cladpipe碳鋼管carbonsteelC.S.pipe合金鋼管alloysteelpipe不銹鋼管stainlesssteelS.S.pipe奧氏體不銹專網(wǎng)管austeniticstainlesssteelpipe鐵合金鋼管fer

29、riticalloysteelpipe軋制鋼管wrought-steelpipe鍛鐵管wrought-ironpipe無縫鋼管seamlessSMLSsteelpipe焊接鋼管weldedsteelpipe電阻焊鋼管electric-resistance-weldedsteelpipe電熔(弧)焊專網(wǎng)板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-weldedsteel-platepipe螺旋焊接鋼管spiralweldedsteelpipe鍍鋅鋼管galvanizedsteelpipe排污閥blowdownvalve集液排放閥dripvalve排液閥drainvalve放空閥ventvalv

30、e卸載閥unloadingvalve排出閥dischargevalve吸入閥suctionvalve取樣閥samplingvalve手動閥handoperated(manually-operated)valve(水)龍頭bibb;bib;faucet抽出液閥(小閥)bleedvalve旁路閥by-passvalve軟管閥hosevalve混合閥mixingvalve破真空閥vacuumbreaker沖洗閥flushvalve根部閥root(primary,header)valve水煤氣鋼管water-gassteelpipe塑料管plasticpipe玻璃管glasstube橡膠管rubber

31、tube壁厚wallthicknessWT壁厚系列號schedulenumberSCH.NO.加厚的，加強的extraheavy(strong)雙倍加厚的，雙倍加強的doubleextraheavy(strong)彎頭elbow異徑彎頭reducingelbow長半徑彎頭longradiuselbow短半徑彎頭shortradiuselbow長半徑180°彎頭longradiusreturn短半徑180°彎頭shortradiusreturn三通tee異徑三通reducingtee等徑三通straighttee帶支座三通basetee45°斜三通45lateral

32、Y型三通true"Y"四通cross異徑管reducer同心異徑管concentricreducer偏心異徑管eccentricreducer管接頭couplingfullcoupling活接頭union短管nipple預制彎管fabricatedpipebendU型彎管"U"bend法蘭端flangedend萬向接頭universaljoint對焊的buttweldedBW螺紋的threadedTHD承插焊的socketweldedSW法蘭flangeFLG整體管法蘭integralpipeflange鋼管法蘭steelpipeflange螺紋法蘭th

33、readedflange滑套法蘭slip-onflange平焊法蘭slip-on-weldingflange承插焊法蘭socketweldingflange松套法蘭lapjointflangeLJF對焊法蘭weldneckflangeWNF法二蓋blindflange;blind異徑法蘭reducingflange壓力級pressurerating(class)我面raisedfaceRF凸面maleface凹面femaleface全平面;滿平面flatface;fullfaceFF3.管道特殊件pipingspeciality粗濾器strainer過濾器filter臨時過濾器temporar

34、ystrainer(conetype)Y型過濾器Y-typestrainerT型過濾器T-typestrainer永久過濾器permanentfilter洗眼器及淋浴器eyewasherandshower視鏡sightglass阻火器flamearrester噴咀；噴頭spraynozzle噴射器ejector取樣冷卻器samplecooler消音器silencer膨脹節(jié)expansionjoint波紋膨脹節(jié)bellow補償器compensator軟管接頭hoseconnectionHC快速接頭quickcoupling金屬軟管metalhose橡膠管rubberhose撓性管flexible

35、tube特殊法蘭specialflange漏斗funnel8字盲板spectacle(figure8)blind爆破板rupturedisk4,其它材料碳素鋼carbonsteelC.S.不銹鋼stainlesssteelS.S.鑄鐵castironC.I.鋁aluminum銅，紫銅copper鈦titanium抗拉強度tensilestrength非金屬材料non-metallicmaterial塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelainenamel玻璃glass橡膠rubber墊片gasketGSKT平墊片flatgasket填料packing型鋼shapedsteel角鋼

36、anglesteel槽鋼channel工字鋼I-beam寬緣工字鋼或H鋼wideflangedbeam扁鋼flatbar圓鋼roundsteel;rod專網(wǎng)帶strapsteel網(wǎng)絡鋼板checkeredplate材料表billofmaterialBOM材料統(tǒng)計materialtake-offMTO散裝材料bulkmaterial綜合管道材料表consolidatedpipingmaterialsummarysheetCPMSS匯總表summarysheet5.設備布置及管道設計中心線centerline裝置邊界boundarylimitBL區(qū)界arealimit設備布置equipmentar

37、rangement(layout);plotplan標高，立面elevationEL支撐點pointofsupportPOS工廠北向plantnorth方位orientation危險區(qū)hazardousareaclassification凈正吸入壓頭netpositivesuctionhead絕對標Wjabsoluteelevation坐標coordinate管道研究pipingstudy管道布置平面pipingarrangementplanPAP管道布置pipingassembly;layout詳圖detail"X"視圖view"X""A-A"剖視section"A-A"軸測圖isometricdrawing索引圖keyplan管道及儀表流程圖pipingandinstrumentdiagramP&ID管口表listofnozzles地上管道abovegroundpiping地下管道undergroundpiping管線號linenumber總管header;manifold旁路bypass常開normallyopen常閉normallyclosed取樣接口samplingconnection伴熱管tracingpipe蒸汽伴熱steamtracing熱水伴熱hot-wate