C++第四次實驗

1、精選文檔天津理工大學計算機與通信工程學院實驗報告2013至2014學年第 二學期課程名稱高級語言程序設(shè)計R實驗（4 ）實驗名稱多態(tài)程序設(shè)計實驗時間2014年4 月28日第3節(jié)至第6節(jié)學號姓名專業(yè)信息安全主講教師唐召東輔導教師唐召東軟件環(huán)境VC+6硬件環(huán)境PC機實驗目的(1)掌握運算符重載的方法;(2)掌握使用虛函數(shù)實現(xiàn)動態(tài)多態(tài)性;實驗內(nèi)容(應(yīng)包括實驗題目、實驗要求、實驗任務(wù)等)二、練習項目:1 .定義Point類，有坐標x,y兩個成員變量，利用友元函數(shù)對Point類重載“ +”運算符，實現(xiàn)對坐標值的改變。具體要求如下：(1) 編寫程序定義Point類，在類中定義整型的私有成員變量x,y;(2)

2、 在類中定義兩個友元函數(shù)，分別重載前置+和后置+;(3) 編寫主函數(shù)測試。注意函數(shù)有無返回值的區(qū)別，以及返回值是否帶有&應(yīng)用符號。2 .定義Point類，有坐標x,y兩個成員變量，利用運算符重載對Point類重載“ +”運算符，實現(xiàn)對坐標值的改變。具體要求如下：(1) 編寫程序定義Point類，在類中定義整型的私有成員變量x,y;(2) 定義成員函數(shù) Point& operator+(); Point operator+(int); 以實現(xiàn)對 Point 類重載"+”運算符，分別重載前置+和后置+;(3) 編寫主函數(shù)測試。3 .定義一個分數(shù)類，通過重載運算符實現(xiàn)分數(shù)的

3、四則運算、求負運算和賦值運算。其中，要求加法+”和減法-'”用友元函數(shù)實現(xiàn)重載，其他運算符用成員函數(shù)實現(xiàn)重載。4 .編寫程序，定義抽象基類Container ,由此派生出2個派生類球體類 Sphere,圓柱體類Cylinder ,分別用虛函數(shù)分別計算表面積和體積。(1) 球體的表面積為：4 r 2 ,球體的體積為 r 3 ；3(2) 圓柱表面積為：2ttR (h+R)圓柱體的體積 % R2h定義相應(yīng)的對象，編寫主函數(shù)測試。5 .設(shè)計一個時鐘類 TIME ,內(nèi)含數(shù)據(jù)成員 hour, minute , second表示時間，成員函數(shù) set()設(shè)置時間數(shù)據(jù)， show()顯示時間數(shù)據(jù)。重載

4、運算符+和-(具有返回值),每執(zhí)行一次+ , second自增1,執(zhí)行一次-,second 自減1。second和minute的值在059區(qū)間循環(huán)(滿59后再自增則歸 0, minute力口 1; second為0時再自減 則為59, minute減1)。hour的值在023區(qū)間循環(huán)。可編輯實驗過程與實驗結(jié)果(可包括實驗實施的步驟、算法描述、流程、結(jié)論等) 1.源代碼:#include <iostream> using namespace std;class Pointprivate:double x,y;public:Point(double _x=0,double _y=0)

5、x=_x; y=_y;Point() void setx(double _x) x=_x;void sety(double _y) y=_y;double getx() return x;double gety() return y; friend void operator<<(ostream &out,const Point &p) out<<"Point("<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<")n"friend void operator+(

6、Point &p,int);friend void operator+(Point &p);；void operator+(Point &p,int) p.x+;p.y+;void operator+(Point &p) +p.x;+p.y;int main()Point a(1,1),b(3,4);cout<<a;cout<<b;a+;+b;cout<<a;cout<<b;return 0;輸出結(jié)果：o int3.4>o intoicti*ocess i*e：tulphed 3execution time

7、： 1 .497 sany keiF tn continue2.源代碼：#include <iostream> using namespace std;class Pointprivate:double x,y;public:Point(double _x=0,double _y=0) x=_x;y=_y;Point()void setx(double _x) x=_x; void sety(double y)y=_y;double getx()return x;double gety()return y;friend void operator<<(ostream &

8、amp;out,const Point &p)out<<"Point("<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<")n"Point operator+(int)x+=2;y+=2;return *this;Point &operator+()+x;+y;return *this;int main()Point a(1,1),b(3,4);cout<<a;cout<<b;a+;+b;cout<<a;cout<<b;ret

9、urn 0;輸出結(jié)果：% in 七 f I. , 15%lnt<3f4>%int 3)>oint<4,5>*rocess retupn&d <0x0> execution tine ： 1.473 s*i*ess &ny keip to Czontiriue.3.源代碼：#include <iostream.h>#include <math.h>class Fenshu private: int zi;int mu;public:Fenshu(int _zi=0,int _mu=1) zi=_zi; mu=_mu

10、;Fenshu()void setzi(int _zi=0) zi=_zi;void setmu(int _mu=1) mu=_mu;int getzi() return zi;int getmu() return mu;void print();friend Fenshu operator+(const Fenshu& f1,const Fenshu& f2); friend Fenshu operator-(const Fenshu& f1,const Fenshu& f2); Fenshu operator*(int n )Fenshu x;x.zi=zi

11、*n;x.mu=mu;return x;Fenshu operator/(int n)if(n=0)cout<<"Nagetive!"return *this;Fenshu x;x.zi=zi;x.mu=mu*n;return x;Fenshu operator-。Fenshu x;x.zi=-zi;x.mu=mu;return x;void operator=(const Fenshu & f)zi=f.zi;mu=f.mu;Fenshu operator+(const Fenshu& f1,const Fenshu& f2)Fensh

12、u f;f.zi=f1.zi*f2.mu+f2.zi*f1.mu;f.mu=f1.mu*f2.mu;return f;Fenshu operator-(const Fenshu& f1,const Fenshu& f2) Fenshu f;f.zi=f1.zi*f2.mu-f2.zi*f1.mu;f.mu=f1.mu*f2.mu;return f;void Fenshu:print()if(zi=0)cout<<0<<endl;elseint _zi=abs(zi>mu?zi:mu),_mu=abs(mu<zi?mu:zi);int x;x=

13、_zi % _mu;while(x!=0)_mu=_zi;_zi=x;x=_mu % _zi;zi/=(_zi>_mu?_mu:_zi);mu/=(_zi>_mu?_mu:_zi);cout<<zi<<"/"<<mu<<endl;int main()Fenshu x(2,4),y(4,4);Fenshu z,a,b,c,d,e;z=x+y;a=y-x;b=x-y;c=-x;d=y*(-i);e=y/2;乙print();a.print();b.print();c.print();d.print();e.print(

14、);return 0;輸出結(jié)果:3/21/2-1/2k/2pl/11/2Ppoeesa returned & <0x0)ion time i 1.499 s：Pt'Es s any key 七o coni inu.e ,4.源代碼：#include <iostream> using namespace std; const double PI=3.14; class Container private:double r;double h;public:Container()Container(double _r=0.0,double _h=0.0) r=_r;

15、h=_h; void setr(double _r=0.0) r=_r; double getr() return r; void seth(double _h=0.0) h=_h; double geth() return h;virtual double s()=0;virtual double v()=0;class Spherepublic Container public:Sphere()Sphere(double _r=0.0):Container(_r) double s() return 4*PI*getr()*getr(); double v() return (double

16、(4)/3)*PI*getr()*getr()*getr(); ;class Cylinderpublic Container public: Cylinder()Cylinder(double _r=0.0,double _h=0.0):Container(_r,_h) double s() return 2*PI*getr()*(geth()+getr(); double v() return 2*PI*getr()*geth(); ;int main() Container *p;Sphere a;Cylinder b(1,2);p=&a;cout<<"Sp

17、here s="<<p->s()<<" v="<<p->v()<<endl; p=&b;cout<<"Cylinder s="<<p->s()<<" v="<<p->v()<<endl;return 0;輸出結(jié)果：s-12.St u =4_Cy 1 indei* s =18 _ 84 u =12 .StProcess returned & <0x0? exetutian t

18、ime ； 2.836 s Ppess an key to cont inue.5.源代碼：#include <iostream> using namespace std;class Timeprivate:int hour;int minute;int second;public:Time(int=0,int=0,int=0);Time()void sethour(int);void setminute(int);void setsecond(int);int gethour();int getsecond();int getminute();void set(int=0,int

19、=0,int=0);void show();Time& operator+(int);Time& operator-(int);Time:Time(int h,int m,int s) if(s>59)s%=60;m=m+s/60;if(m>59)m%=60;h=h+m /60;if(h>23) h%=24;hour=h;minute=m;second=s;void Time:sethour(int h)if(h>23) h%=24;hour=h;void Time:setminute(int m)if(minute>59)minute%=60;h

20、our=hour+minute/60;if(hour>23) hour%=24;minute=m;void Time:setsecond(int s)if(s>59)minute=minute+s/60;s%=60;if(minute>59)hour=hour+minute/60; minute%=60;if(hour>23) hour%=24;second=s;int Time:gethour()return hour;int Time:getsecond()return second;int Time:getminute()return minute;void Ti

21、me:set(int h,int m,int s)if(s>59)m=m+s/60;s%=60;if(m>59)h=h+m /60;m%=60;if(h>23) h%=24;hour=h;minute=m;second=s;void Time:show()cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<second<<endl;Time& Time:operator+(int)second+;if(second>59)minute=minu

22、te+second/60;second%=60;if(minute>59)hour=hour+minute /60;minute%=60;if(hour>23) hour%=24;return *this;Time& Time:operator-(int)second-;if(second<0)minute-;second=59;if(minute<0)minute=59;hour-;if(hour<0)hour=0; return *this;int main() Time t;int x,y,z;char temp;cout<<"

23、現(xiàn)在初始化計數(shù)器(Hour Minute Second ):"cin>>x;cin>>y;cin>>z;t.set(x,y,z);cout<<"現(xiàn)在時間是："t.show();docout<<"輸入*重新設(shè)置計數(shù)器；"<<endl;cout<<"輸入+計數(shù)器遞加，輸入-計數(shù)器遞減；"<<endl;cout<<"輸入字母。計數(shù)器清零；"<<endl;cout<<"輸入

24、q退出計數(shù)器。"<<endl;cout<<"請輸入 >"cin>>temp;switch(temp) case '*':cout<<"現(xiàn)在初始化計數(shù)器(Hour Minute Second ):"cin>>x;cin>>y;cin>>z;t.set(x,y,z);cout<<"現(xiàn)在時間是："t.show(); break;case '+':t+;cout<<"現(xiàn)在時間是：

25、"t.show();break;case '-':t-；cout<<"現(xiàn)在時間是："t.show();break;case 'o':t.set(0,0,0);cout<<"現(xiàn)在時間是："t.show();break;case 'q':break;default:cout<<"請輸入正確的數(shù)據(jù)！"<<endl;break;while(temp!='q');return 0;輸出結(jié)果：ill:1益矍一tocg-es r

26、eturnif( sub->getname()=sub_m->getnameO)*sub=*sub_m;sub_m+;sub_m-=num_m;sub+;sub-=shumu;void Cstudent:insert_s()錄入分數(shù)int temp;cout<<"Please input the scores.n"for(int i=0;i<shumu;i+)cout<<sub->getname()<<':'<<endl;cin>>temp;sub->setscore(

27、temp);sub+;sub-=shumu;void Cstudent:dill()int sum=0;double c=0.0,s=0.0;for(int i=0;i<shumu;i+)if(sub->getscore()>=95 && sub->getscore()<=100) sub->setpoint(4.5);else if(sub->getscore()>=90 && sub->getscore()<=95) sub->setpoint(4.0);else if(sub->get

28、score()>=85 && sub->getscore()<=90) sub->setpoint(3.5);else if(sub->getscore()>=80 && sub->getscore()<=85) sub->setpoint(3.0);else if(sub->getscore()>=75 && sub->getscore()<=80) sub->setpoint(2.5);else if(sub->getscore()>=70 &am

29、p;& sub->getscore()<=75) sub->setpoint(2.0);else if(sub->getscore()>=65 && sub->getscore()<=70) sub->setpoint(1.5); else if(sub->getscore()>=60 && sub->getscore()<=65) sub->setpoint(1.0); elsesub->setpoint(0.0);sub->setflag(true);sum=sum+sub->getscore();c=c+sub->getxuefen()*sub->getpoint();s=s+sub->getxuefen();sub+;)sub-=shumu;ave_g=double(sum)/shumu;ave_p=c/s;)void Cstudent:print_h() cout<<"ID Name sex class date average of score avera