[國家公務(wù)員考試密押題庫]銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬23

1、國家公務(wù)員考試密押題庫銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬23國家公務(wù)員考試密押題庫銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬23銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬23一、經(jīng)濟金融基礎(chǔ)知識單項選擇題在每題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。問題:1. 在一般情況下，廠商得到的價格若低于以下_成本就停止?fàn)I業(yè)。A.平均B.平均可變C.邊際D.平均固定答案:B解析 當(dāng)廠商的平均收益AR等于平均可變成本AVC時，廠商可以繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)，也可以不生產(chǎn)，也就是說，廠商生產(chǎn)或不生產(chǎn)的結(jié)果都是一樣的。所以當(dāng)價格等于AVC時成為停止?fàn)I業(yè)點或者是關(guān)閉點。問題:2. 商業(yè)信用工具主要是_。A.銀行存款B.政府債券C.商業(yè)票據(jù)D.現(xiàn)金答案:C解析 按信用形式劃分，信用工具可分為

2、商業(yè)信用工具，如各種商業(yè)票據(jù)等；銀行信用工具，如銀行券和銀行票據(jù)等；國家信用工具，如國庫券等各種政府債券；證券投資信用工具，如債券、股票等。問題:3. 價格是影響需求的最重要的因素，一般來說，價格和需求的變動呈_。A.正方向變化B.反方向變化C.不相關(guān)D.完全等價答案:B解析 一般而言，產(chǎn)品自身價格和需求的變動呈反方向變化。問題:4. 需求量的變動是指_。A.由于消費者收入的變動引起的需求的變動B.由于消費者偏好的變動引起的需求的變動C.同一條需求曲線上點的移動D.需求曲線的移動答案:C解析 選項ABD都是關(guān)于需求變動的描述。需求量的變動，是假定其他因素不變，價格變動對需求的影響。需求量的變動

3、是由價格的變動引起的，是同一條需求曲線上點的移動，價格上升，需求減少；價格下降，需求增加。問題:5. 菲利普斯曲線表明工資增長與失業(yè)水平之間存在著_。A.正相關(guān)關(guān)系B.負相關(guān)關(guān)系C.完全相關(guān)關(guān)系D.不完全相關(guān)關(guān)系答案:B解析 菲利普斯曲線表明工資增長與失業(yè)水平之間存在著負相關(guān)關(guān)系。二、銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)類專業(yè)單項選擇題在每題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。問題:1. 下列選項中，不屬于銀行信用風(fēng)險的是_。A.信用質(zhì)量發(fā)生變化B.交易對手未能履行合同C.外部欺詐D.債務(wù)人未能履行合同答案:C解析 信用風(fēng)險又稱為違約風(fēng)險，是指債務(wù)人或交易對手未能履行合同所規(guī)定的義務(wù)或信用質(zhì)量發(fā)生變化，從而給銀行

4、帶來損失的可能性。對大多數(shù)銀行來說，信用風(fēng)險幾乎存在于銀行的所有業(yè)務(wù)中，既存在于傳統(tǒng)的貸款、債券投資等表內(nèi)業(yè)務(wù)中，也存在于信用擔(dān)保、貸款承諾等表外業(yè)務(wù)中，還存在于場外衍生品交易中。因此，信用風(fēng)險是銀行最為復(fù)雜的風(fēng)險種類，也是銀行面臨的最主要的風(fēng)險。問題:2. 菲利普斯曲線是一條_。A.水平線B.向右下方傾斜的曲線C.垂線D.向右上方傾斜的曲線答案:B解析 菲利普斯曲線反映的是失業(yè)率和通貨膨脹率之間此消彼長的關(guān)系，即通貨膨脹率上升，則失業(yè)率下降；通貨膨脹率下降，則失業(yè)率上升。因而，它是一條向右下方傾斜的曲線。問題:3. 利率期貨的基礎(chǔ)資產(chǎn)為價格隨市場利率波動的_。A.股票產(chǎn)品B.債券產(chǎn)品C.基金

5、產(chǎn)品D.外匯產(chǎn)品答案:B解析 所謂利率期貨是指以債券類證券為標(biāo)的物的期貨合約，它可以回避銀行利率波動所引起的證券價格變動的風(fēng)險。問題:4. 關(guān)于銀行貸款風(fēng)險，下列陳述正確的是_。A.為減少貸款風(fēng)險，應(yīng)擴大抵質(zhì)押貸款比重B.為減少貸款風(fēng)險，應(yīng)對存、貸款實行固定利率C.為減少貸款風(fēng)險，應(yīng)盡量延長貸款期限D(zhuǎn).為減少貸款風(fēng)險，應(yīng)減少貸款損失準(zhǔn)備金提取答案:A解析 抵質(zhì)押貸款屬于擔(dān)保貸款，風(fēng)險較小，所以A選項正確；對存、貸款實行固定利率，不能有效的規(guī)避貸款中的利率風(fēng)險；貸款期限越長，風(fēng)險越大；貸款損失準(zhǔn)備金是根據(jù)貸款風(fēng)險引起的可能損失提取的，減少貸款損失準(zhǔn)備金不能降低貸款風(fēng)險。問題:5. 銀行監(jiān)管人員關(guān)

6、注金融集團并表監(jiān)管的主要原因是_。A.保護集團內(nèi)各實體債權(quán)人B.評估集團內(nèi)其他實體可能對集團內(nèi)銀行造成的風(fēng)險C.確保集團內(nèi)各法人實體均滿足資本監(jiān)管要求D.保證銀行不向集團內(nèi)企業(yè)發(fā)放信貸答案:B解析 并表監(jiān)管的主要對象是銀行集團的整體風(fēng)險狀況，關(guān)注母銀行與附屬機構(gòu)、附屬機構(gòu)之間的交易，以及非銀行業(yè)務(wù)及境外業(yè)務(wù)可能帶來的風(fēng)險。問題:6. 根據(jù)中華人民共和國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法，銀監(jiān)會應(yīng)根據(jù)銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的_和風(fēng)險狀況，確定對其現(xiàn)場檢查的頻率、范圍和需要采取的其他措施。A.評級情況B.業(yè)務(wù)范圍C.機構(gòu)性質(zhì)D.網(wǎng)點數(shù)量答案:A解析 中華人民共和國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法第27條規(guī)定，國務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)建

7、立銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)監(jiān)督管理評級體系和風(fēng)險預(yù)警機制，根據(jù)銀行業(yè)金融機構(gòu)的評級情況和風(fēng)險狀況，確定對其現(xiàn)場檢查的頻率、范圍和需要采取的其他措施。問題:7. 金融宏觀調(diào)控的核心是_。A.財政政策B.產(chǎn)業(yè)政策C.貨幣政策D.收入政策答案:C解析 金融宏觀調(diào)控以貨幣政策為核心。問題:8. 內(nèi)部時滯的長短取決于_。A.央行對金融的調(diào)控能力強弱B.政策操作力度C.金融部門、企業(yè)部門對政策工具的彈性大小D.我國金融形勢特點答案:A解析 內(nèi)部時滯的長短取決于央行對金融的調(diào)控能力強弱。問題:9. 介于貨幣政策工具變量和貨幣政策目標(biāo)變量之間的變量指標(biāo)是_。A.操作目標(biāo)B.最終目標(biāo)C.中介目標(biāo)D.基本目標(biāo)答案:C解析

8、中介目標(biāo)又稱為中間目標(biāo)、中間變量，是介于貨幣政策工具和貨幣政策最終目標(biāo)變量之間的變量指標(biāo)。問題:10. 金本位制下，_是決定兩國貨幣匯率的基礎(chǔ)。A.貨幣含金量B.鑄幣平價C.中心匯率D.貨幣實際購買力答案:B解析 鑄幣平價即鑄幣本身的價值的對比。問題:11. 假設(shè)一國貨幣供給量為18億元，基礎(chǔ)貨幣為6億元，則該國的貨幣乘數(shù)為_。A.2B.3C.4D.6答案:B解析 貨幣乘數(shù)=貨幣供給量/基礎(chǔ)貨幣。問題:12. 下列屬于銀行附屬資本的是_。A.盈余公積B.資本公積C.未分配利潤D.長期次級債券答案:D解析 本題考查附屬資本包括的內(nèi)容。附屬資本包括重估儲備、一般準(zhǔn)備、優(yōu)先股、可轉(zhuǎn)換債券和長期次級債

9、券。問題:13. 凱恩斯的貨幣需求函數(shù)中，投資品貨幣需求主要受_的影響。A.投機性B.利率水平C.國民收入D.物價水平答案:B解析 凱恩斯的貨幣需求函數(shù)中，投資品貨幣需求主要受利率水平的影響。問題:14. 下列資產(chǎn)中，商業(yè)銀行隨時可調(diào)度、使用的資金頭寸是_。A.法定存款準(zhǔn)備金B(yǎng).派生存款C.超額準(zhǔn)備金D.存款準(zhǔn)備金答案:C解析 超額準(zhǔn)備金是指商業(yè)銀行及存款性金融機構(gòu)的存款準(zhǔn)備金減去法定存款準(zhǔn)備金后的剩余部分，是商業(yè)銀行隨時可以調(diào)度、使用的資金頭寸。問題:15. _是金融市場上最活躍的交易者，在金融市場上扮演著資金需求者和資金供給者的雙重身份。A.家庭B.企業(yè)C.金融機構(gòu)D.政府答案:C解析 本

10、題考查金融市場主體的相關(guān)知識。金融機構(gòu)是金融市場上最活躍的交易者，在金融市場上扮演著資金需求者和資金供給者的雙重身份。問題:16. 如果一國出現(xiàn)了短期利率、資產(chǎn)價格的急劇、短暫、超周期的惡化，則說明該國出現(xiàn)了_。A.貨幣危機B.銀行危機C.外債危機D.系統(tǒng)性金融危機答案:D解析 狹義的金融危機也就是系統(tǒng)性金融危機，是全部或大部分金融指標(biāo)，短期利率、資產(chǎn)(證券、房地產(chǎn)、土地)價格、商業(yè)破產(chǎn)數(shù)和金融機構(gòu)倒閉數(shù)的急劇、短暫和超周期的惡化。問題:17. _是指有關(guān)主體(主要是跨國公司)在因合并財務(wù)報表而引致的不同貨幣的相互折算中，因匯率在一定時間內(nèi)發(fā)生意外變動，而蒙受賬面經(jīng)濟損失的可能性。A.交易風(fēng)險

11、B.折算風(fēng)險C.經(jīng)濟風(fēng)險D.投資風(fēng)險答案:B解析 一個國際企業(yè)組織的全部活動中，即在它的經(jīng)營活動過程、結(jié)果、預(yù)期經(jīng)營收益中，都存在著由于外匯匯率變化而引起的外匯風(fēng)險，在經(jīng)營活動中的風(fēng)險為交易風(fēng)險，在經(jīng)營活動結(jié)果中的風(fēng)險為會計風(fēng)險、預(yù)期經(jīng)營收益的風(fēng)險為經(jīng)濟風(fēng)險。投資風(fēng)險是指對未來投資收益的不確定性，在投資中可能會遭受收益損失甚至本金損失的風(fēng)險。問題:18. 凱恩斯把貨幣供給量的增加并未帶來利率的相應(yīng)降低，而只是引起人們手持現(xiàn)金增加的現(xiàn)象叫_。A.資產(chǎn)泡沫B.貨幣緊縮C.流通性陷阱D.貨幣膨脹答案:C解析 本題考查流動性陷阱的概念。問題:19. 金融自由化與金融監(jiān)管的關(guān)系是_。A.金融自由化就不應(yīng)

12、再有金融監(jiān)管B.金融自由化與金融監(jiān)管完全沒有矛盾C.要加強金融監(jiān)管，就不能有金融自由化D.金融自由化并不否認金融監(jiān)管答案:D解析 金融自由化并不否認金融監(jiān)管。問題:20. 狹義的短期政府債券僅指_。A.國庫券B.政府代理機構(gòu)所發(fā)行的債券C.地方政府發(fā)行的債券D.國家財政部門發(fā)行的債券答案:A解析 狹義的短期政府債券僅指國庫券。三、銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)類專業(yè)多項選擇題下面各題，每題至少有兩個正確答案。問題:1. 根據(jù)近代世界各國發(fā)生通貨緊縮的情況分析，通貨緊縮的成因有_。A.貨幣緊縮B.資產(chǎn)泡沫破滅C.流動性陷阱D.多種結(jié)構(gòu)性因素 A B C D答案:ABCD解析 貨幣緊縮如美國19201921年，資產(chǎn)泡沫

13、如20世紀80年代末期的日本，多種結(jié)構(gòu)性因素如軍費、赤字、科技進步、全球化、壁壘打破等造成物價長期下跌，流動性陷阱如20世紀90年代的日本，都是通貨緊縮的表現(xiàn)。問題:2. 弗里德曼把影響貨幣需求量的諸因素劃分為_。A.各種金融資產(chǎn)B.恒常收入與財富結(jié)構(gòu)C.各種資產(chǎn)預(yù)期收益和機會成本D.各種隨機變量 A B C D答案:BCD解析 弗里德曼把影響貨幣需求量的因素劃分為三組：恒常收入和財富結(jié)構(gòu)；各種資產(chǎn)的預(yù)期收益和機會成本；各種隨機變量。問題:3. 按照金融工具的交易程序不同，金融市場可劃分為_。A.資本市場B.流通市場C.發(fā)行市場D.傳統(tǒng)金融市場 A B C D答案:BC解析 按照金融工具的交易

14、程序不同，金融市場可以分為發(fā)行市場和流通市場。問題:4. 目前中國人民銀行采取的利率工具主要包括_。A.調(diào)整中央銀行基準(zhǔn)利率B.調(diào)整金融機構(gòu)法定存貸款利率C.制定金融機構(gòu)存貸款利率的浮動范圍D.制定相關(guān)政策對各類利率結(jié)構(gòu)和檔次進行調(diào)整 A B C D答案:ABCD解析 選項ABCD即為中國人民銀行采用的主要利率工具內(nèi)容。問題:5. 下列選項屬于中央銀行投放基礎(chǔ)貨幣的主要渠道的有_。A.實施從緊的貨幣政策B.對商業(yè)銀行等金融機構(gòu)的再貸款C.購買政府部門(財政部)的債券D.收購金、銀、外匯等儲備資產(chǎn)投放的貨幣 A B C D答案:BCD解析 中央銀行投放基礎(chǔ)貨幣的主要渠道有三條：對商業(yè)銀行等金融機

15、構(gòu)的再貸款；收購金、銀、外匯等儲備資產(chǎn)投放的貨幣；購買政府部門(財政部)的債券。四、英語閱讀理解題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant. When Hoffa's Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;

16、 now 36 do. In 2009 the number of unionists in America's public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15of private-sector ones are unionized. There are three reasons for the public-sector unions' t

17、hriving. First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences. Second, they are mostly bright and well- educated. A quarter of America's public-sector workers have a university degree. Third, they now dominate left-of-centre politics. Some of their ties go back a lo

18、ng way. Britain's Labor Party, as its name implies, has long been associated with trade unionism. Its current leader, Ed Miliband, owes his position to votes from public-sector unions. At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome. Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of

19、 California points out that much of the state's budget is patrolled by unions. The teachers' unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care. In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one. But the

20、real gains come in benefits and work practices. Politicians have repeatedly "backloaded" public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous. Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most egregiously in educa

21、tion, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles. Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers' unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones. As the cost to everyone

22、 else has become clearer, politicians have begun to clamp down. In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor. But many within the public sector suffer under the current system, too. John Donahue at Harvard's Kennedy School po

23、ints out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers. The only American public-sector workers who earn well above ￥250,000 a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States. Bankers' fat pay packets h

24、ave attracted much criticism, but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America. 1. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _.A.Teamsters still have a large body of membersB.Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servantC.unions have enlarge

25、d their public-sector membershipD.the government has improved its relationship with unionists答案:C解析 本文第一段的關(guān)鍵句是“In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.”由此可以推斷出組織已經(jīng)擴大了。所以答案是C。2. Which of the following is true of Paragraph 2? _A.Publi

26、c-sector unions are prudent in taking actionsB.Education is required for public-sector union membershipC.Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector unionsD.Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions答案:A解析 本題的關(guān)鍵句是“First, they can shut things down without suffering much

27、 in the way of consequences”通過下文提示，綜合可以推斷出Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions。答案是A。3. It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that the income in the state sector is _.A.illegally securedB.indirectly addedC.excessively increasedD.fairly adjusted答案:B解析 根據(jù)本段上下文分析，可以推斷出國營部門的收入是間接增加的。關(guān)鍵句是“keepi

28、ng the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous”。4. The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions _.A.often run against the current political systemB.can change people's political attitudesC.may be a barrier to public-sector reforms

29、D.are dominant in the government答案:A解析 關(guān)鍵句是“In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor. But many within the public sector suffer under the current system, too.”由此結(jié)合上下文可以推出答案是A。5. John Donahue's attitude towards the public-s

30、ector system is one of _.A.disapprovalB.appreciationC.toleranceD.indifference答案:A解析 關(guān)鍵句是“John Donahue at Harvard's Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is had for high achievers.”由此結(jié)合上下文可以推斷出John Donahue對待國營部門的態(tài)度是不贊同的。

31、Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to "light" beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for

32、 Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet. In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts: for example, one would have to briskly

33、walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry (小甜餅). Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. "Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight," says York Onnen, program director of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and

34、Sports. Still, exercise's supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise

35、into their daily routine maintained their new weight. If you have been sedentary (極少活動的) and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year's time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the dist

36、ance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight. 6. What is said about the average American in the passage? _A.They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of "light" beerB.They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weightC.They pr

37、efer "light" beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and foodD.They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight答案:B解析 在第一段中提到“that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to "light" beer and low-calorie

38、bread than increase physical exertion”。這里的that message(那一信息)肯定應(yīng)該在前一句，也就是“Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight”(鍛煉是對長期保持體重起積極作用的少有因素之一)。詞組“has not gotten through to”指的是“在中并不流行”，這里的意思就是那一信息對于一般美國人來說并沒有受到重視。who引導(dǎo)了一個從句，是對一般美國人的描述。這里使用了would rath

39、er.than(寧可，也不)句型，意思是美國人寧可把興趣投向淡爽啤酒和低卡路里面包，也不增加身體鍛煉。四個選項中，B符合文意。7. Some people dislike exercise because _.A.they think it is physically exhaustingB.they find it hard to exercise while on a dietC.they don't think it possible to walk 3 miles every dayD.they find consulting caloric-expenditure chart

40、s troublesome答案:B解析 第二段專門對有些人不喜歡鍛煉的原因進行了說明，主要有兩句話。第一句“some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts”，這句話的意思是“卡路里消耗表會使有些人非常泄氣”，后面給出了原因，即鍛煉消耗的卡路里太少。由此看來，并不是他們覺得參考卡路里消耗表麻煩，D的說法不對。第二句借專業(yè)人士之口說出了原因“Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight.”“tough”這個詞強調(diào)艱苦、艱難性，也就是說用鍛煉來減肥太過于艱難了。與前面消耗卡路里的說法結(jié)合起來就是：因為鍛煉消耗的卡路里非常少，所以要想減肥的話，鍛煉的投入要非常大才能起到效果。8. "Even exercise professionals concede halfa point here"(Line 3,Para. 2) means 'They _".A.agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exerciseB.partially believe diet play