初中英語一般現(xiàn)在時(共11頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時 講 解 和 練 習(xí)一、 定義：一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力。 例：（1）.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。 （2）.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。 （3）.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時常用時間狀語、時間副詞in the morning/afternoon/eveningevery week (day, year, month

2、)on Sundays (Monday, Tuesday)at night, once a week,. always總是, usually通常, often經(jīng)常, sometimes有時, never從不三、用法： 1肯定句：（1） 句中有be（am，is，are）和情態(tài)動詞時， be動詞時，主語是I時要用am，主語是you時要用are，其他用is。 是情態(tài)動詞時，后面的動詞用原型 例：I am a student.You are very beautiful.She is my best friend.He can do his homework by himself.（2） 沒有be（a

3、m，is, are）動詞和情態(tài)動詞：主語為第三人稱單數(shù)（she ,he ,it ）、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞的，動詞要按規(guī)則加上s或es；主語是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的肯定句，動詞用原形。 例：She（He, It ）likes fish. 她（他，它）喜歡魚。（主語為第三人稱單數(shù)） The table has four legs.桌子有四條腿。(主語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.水在100度沸騰。（主語為不可數(shù)名詞） They go to school every day .他們每天都去上學(xué)。（主語是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的，動詞用原形）注意的問題：第三

4、人稱單數(shù)以及第三人稱單數(shù)時動詞的變化規(guī)則在一般現(xiàn)在時中，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動詞原形后加-s或-es。但有些同學(xué)們對于哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)還不十分清楚，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下： 1、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起來像只貓。 2、單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Han Mei looks like her mother. 韓梅看起來像她的母親。 Be

5、ijing is in China. 北京在中國。 Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。 3、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： A horse is a useful animal. 馬是有用的動物。 This book is yours. 這本書是你的。 That car is red. 那輛小汽車是紅色的。 The cat is Lucy's. 這只貓是露茜的。 4、不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody, everything, som

6、ething等及指示代詞this, that作主語時，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Everyone is here. 大家到齊了。 There is something wrong with the watch. 這塊手表有毛病。 This is a pen. 這是一支鋼筆。 That is an eraser. 那是一塊橡皮擦。 5、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時為第三人稱單數(shù)。如： The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 6、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如： "6" is a luc

7、ky number. "6"是個吉利數(shù)字。 "I" is a letter. "I"是個字母。 動詞+s的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, make-makesruns   gets   likes  collets   takes   plays  climbs2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-

8、goes 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 方法與發(fā)音：專心-專注-專業(yè)1.一般情況下，直接加 -s eg. works， plays, rains, sees 2.以 sh, ch, s, x 或 o 結(jié)尾的詞后加 eseg. washes, teaches, fixes, does, goes3.以輔音字母加 -y 結(jié)尾的，先把 y 改成 i, 再加 -eseg. studies, flies, carries注意: 動詞加 -s 以后的讀音.動詞加-s后的讀音1.在p t k f 等清輔音后， 發(fā)清輔音 /s/ eg. helps, wor

9、ks, likes, hates ,laughs2.在濁輔音和元音后， 發(fā)濁輔音 /z/eg. drives, cleans, plays3.在s z t d后， 發(fā) /iz/rises, wishes, teaches, urges4.在t d后，發(fā) /ts/ /dz/eg. fits, sets, needs5. 其他情況下發(fā)zeg. plans, cries, shows 練習(xí)1v 1Jenny _ in an office. Her parents _in a hospital.v A work; works B works; work C work; are working D is

10、 working; workv 2One of the boys_ a black hat.v A have B there is C there are D hasv 3Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.v A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listenv 4. Jenny_ English every evening.v A has study B studies C study D studiedv 5. The teachers _(speak) E

11、nglish in class.v 6. The teacher _(speak) English in class.2. 否定句： (1)句中有be動詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動詞(may , can , must , should)時，否定句在be動詞和情態(tài)動詞后加not， I am not a teacher. He can not fly . (2) 句中沒有be動詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動詞(may , can , must , should)時，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句，在動詞原形前加does + not (doesnt)。 He doesnt li

12、ke cats. (3)句中沒有be動詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動詞(may , can , must , should)時，主語為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的否定句，在動詞原形前加do + not (dont)。 They dont go to school on Sundays. 練習(xí)2v 1. The cat _(not like) you.v 2.Brian (not live) in China.v 3.The picture _ nice.v A. dont look B. is looked v C. doesnt look D. is lookingv 4. I have ma

13、ny books.(改為否定句）_v 5.廈門不下雪。_v 6.她不看新聞。_v 7.我媽媽不喜歡吃肉_3疑問句： (1)句中有be動詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動詞(may , can , must , should)時，一般疑問句將be動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在句首。 由肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧涞牟襟E： . 把be 動詞（am , is , are ）或情態(tài)動詞(may , can , must , should)提前。 .大寫和小寫的轉(zhuǎn)換，句首的第一個字母要大寫。 .句末要加問號。 例：肯定句：She is a student . 疑問句：Is she a student ? 肯定句:

14、He can swim. 疑問句：Can he swim? . 疑問句的回答：用什么問就用什么來回答。 Is she a student ? Yes, she is . No，she isnt.Can you swim? Yes, I can . Yes, I cant. (2) 句中如果沒有be動詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動詞(may , can , must , should)時，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)（she ,he ,it ）、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞的疑問句要用does 來提問。即在句首加does，句子中原有動詞用原形 例：Does he like Chinese? 他喜歡

15、漢語嗎？ Yes, he does. 是的，他喜歡(漢語)。 Does a dog eat meat? 狗吃肉嗎？ No, it doesnt. 不，它不吃(肉)。 (3) 句中如果沒有be動詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動詞(may , can , must , should)時，主語為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的疑問句要用do 來提問。 Do you like monkeys? No, we dont. Do students study Englsih ? Yes , they do. 同時還要注意在肯定句變成否定句時，若是遇I/weyou,   myyour. Some

16、any.  句號問號（？）Does your cat eat any fruits? 你的貓吃水果嗎?練習(xí)3v 1._she _ (do) the housework every day? v 2. Does Jenny (has) a good friend?v Yes, she _. (have) No. she _. (not have)v 3. _ you study English at school?Yes, I _ (do).v 4._ your sister study English at school?No, she_ (do) v 5. She lives in

17、 a small town near New York.(改為一般疑問句）_v 6.我每天都必須來嗎？_v 7.你爸爸每天早上都看報紙嗎？_4.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞 + am/is/are + 相應(yīng)的人稱/ + 其他 do + 人稱 + 動詞原形 + 其他What/Where/Who/When/Which/why/how/whose + am/is/are + 相應(yīng)的人稱/名詞 + 其他What/Where/Who/When/Which/why/how/whose + do/does + 相應(yīng)的人稱/名詞+ 動詞原形 + 其他v Who are you? 你是誰？v Why is your

18、mother so busy?v 你媽媽為什么這么忙？v How are you? /is your dad? 你好嗎?你爸好嗎？v What does he do everyday?v 他每天做什么？v When does your father go to work every day?v 你爸爸每天什么時候去上班？v Who studies very hard in our class?v 我們班誰學(xué)習(xí)非常努力？v Which computer games do you like?v 你喜歡那種電腦游戲？練習(xí)題4v 1. Where _you_ (have) lunch every da

19、y?v 2. Who_(想要 )to go swimming?v 3. Why _ Tom absent today? (be)v 4. I often play football on Friday afternoon? 就劃線部分提問 _v 5. Lily waters the flowers everyday. _v 6.為什么她每天都那么早去上學(xué)？ _v 7.他帶的是誰的眼鏡？ _課后鞏固練習(xí)題（完成時間：20分鐘）一、按照要求改寫句子 1This is my pencil ? (變一般疑問句)2. These red socks are Kates . (變一般疑問句) 3. I w

20、ant to buy a big green bag . (變特殊疑問句 )4. Mary does not have any books . (變肯定句)5. The clothing shop is on sale . (變?yōu)榉穸ň? 6. She likes the black bag very much . (變?yōu)榉穸ň? 7. I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan. (用she改寫句子) 8. Its an English dictionary . (對畫線部分提問) 9. Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old now .

21、 (對畫線部分提問) 10. Her dog is 2 years and 5 months old . (變?yōu)榉穸ň? 11. I usually get up at seven oclock . (用he改寫句子) 12. He often has hamburger and apples for dinner . (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧? 13. My family always like thrillers . (對畫線部分提問) 14. Janes sister wants to see the comedy . (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧? 15. Maria and Jack come to t

22、his school on Monday .(對畫線部分提問) 二、完成句子 1. 他每天六點(diǎn)鐘起床。 He _ _ _ six every morning. 2. 小明經(jīng)常去遠(yuǎn)足。 Xiao Ming _ _ hiking. 3. 她總是在星期天看望爺爺奶奶。She _ _her grandparents on Sundays. 4. Sandy周末上學(xué)嗎？ _ Sandy _ _school on weekends? 5. 他什么時候去上班？ When _ he go to _? 6. 李云喜歡秋天，不喜歡冬天。 Li Yun _ autumn, but he _ like winter.

23、 7. 今天的天氣怎么樣？ Whats the _ like _? 8. 她有電腦嗎？ _ she _ a computer? 9. Sue 有一本有趣的故事書。 Sue _ _ an _ _ book. 三、be動詞填空。 1. _you Li Fen ? No, _ not . 2. _ Mr. green very busy? Yes , he _. 3. He must _ at home . 4. Comedy _ very interesting . 5. What _ class you in ? 6. You and I _ good friends . 7. His friends_ very funny . 8. The twins _ very happy because they want to go to a movie . 9. Our class_ big , but their class _ small . 10. The basketball club_ exciting and fun . 四用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. My classmate