動詞不定式知識點總結(jié)(共4頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上知識點總結(jié)不定式的語法功能：除不能作謂語，其他句子成分都可。1.不定式作主語To see is to believe.常用it作形式主語It''s for sb/It''s of sb1)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特點，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：It''s very hard for him to study two languages.2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如go

2、od, kind, nice, clever, foolish, cruel, right。It''s very nice of you to help me2.不定式作賓語I want to speak to Tom.Please show us how to do that.3.不定式作賓補a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.b. We believe him to be guilty.4.不定式作表語不定式可放在be動詞后面，形成表語。例如：My work is to clean the room every

3、 day.5.不定式作定語不定式做定語通常要放在被修飾的詞后。例如：I have a lot of work to do.6.不定式作狀語1)目的狀語to ,only to (僅僅為了),in order to, so as to, so(such) as to (如此以便)He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.I come here only to say good-bye to you.2)結(jié)果狀語What have I said to make you angry.He searched the room only to find nothin

4、g.3)原因狀語I''m glad to see you.用作介詞的toto 有兩種用法： 一為不定式+動詞原形; 一為介詞+名詞/動名詞, to 在下面的用法中是第二種，即to+ 名詞/動名詞：admit to承認，confess to承認，be accustomed to 習慣于，be used to 習慣于，stick to 堅持，turn to開始，著手于，devote oneself to 獻身于，be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望，pay attention to 注意省to 的動詞不定式1) 情態(tài)動詞 ( 除ought 外，

5、ought to)：2) 使役動詞 let, have, make：3) 感官動詞 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作賓補，省略to。注意：在被動語態(tài)中則to 不能省掉。The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.4) would rather，had better：5) Why / why not：6) help 可帶to，也可不帶to, help sb (t

6、o) do sth：7) but和except：but前是動詞do時，后面出現(xiàn)的動詞用不帶to的動詞不定式。He wants to do nothing but go out.8) 由and, or和than連接的兩個不定式，第二個to 可以省去：He wants to move to France and marry the girl.9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等詞后，可以省去to be：He is supposed (to be) nice.動詞不定式的否定式放在不定式符號to 前面Tell him not to

7、shut the windowShe pretended not to see me when I passed by.不定式特殊句型tooto1)tooto太以至于不能He is too excited to speak.2) 如在too前有否定詞，則整個句子用否定詞表達肯定， too 后那個詞表達一種委婉含義，意為"不太"。It''s never too late to mend.(諺語)3)當too 前面有only, all, but時，意思是：非常 等于very。I''m only too pleased to be able to

8、help you.He was but too eager to get home.不定式特殊句型so as to1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.2) so kind as to -勞駕Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?不定式的形式和主、被動形式主、被動 主動 被動一般式 to do to be done進行式 to be doing完成式 to have done to have been d

9、one完成進行式 to have been doing1) 一般式：有時與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生，有時發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作之后。He seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I''ll see you again.2) 完成式：表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。I''m sorry to have given you so much trouble.3) 進行式： 表示動作正在進行，與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生。He seems to be eating something.4

10、) 完成進行式： 表示動作或狀態(tài)從謂語動作之前一直持續(xù)到謂語動作發(fā)生。She is known to have been thinking over the problem for many days.動名詞與不定式1) 動名詞與不定式的區(qū)別：動名詞表達的是： 狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)，心境，抽象，經(jīng)常性，已發(fā)生的不定式表達的是： 目的，結(jié)果，原因，具體，一次性，將發(fā)生的2) 接不定式或動名詞，意義相近。begin/ start to do = begin/ start doing; continue to do =continue doing3) 動名詞與不定式語義不同的有11 組：1 stop to d

11、ostop doing2 forget to do forget doing3 remember to doremember doing4 regret to do regret doing5 cease to do cease doing6 try to dotry doing7 go on to do go on doing8 afraid to do afraid doing9 interested to do  interested doing10 mean to do  mean doing11 begin/ start to do begin/ start do

12、ing常見考法        1.不定式作狀語；        2.it作形式主語代替后面的不定式；        3.不定式的否定形式        4.被動語態(tài)中的不定式；        5.不定式省to情況;        6.不定式作定語的情況誤區(qū)提醒        1.不定式的不同形式誤用；2.被動語態(tài)中仍然

13、省to；3.否定形式not位置弄錯；4.主動語態(tài)中該省to不省; 5.不定式作定語時丟內(nèi)容【典型例題】1) The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to _.A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on解析：答案B.

14、如果不定式為不及物動詞，其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞。當動詞與介詞連用時，常位于"形容詞+動詞不定式"結(jié)構(gòu)的末尾。2) - I usually go there by train.- Why not _ by boat for a change?A. to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go&

15、#160;D.try going解析： why not 后面接不帶to 的不定式，因此選D。3） Paul doesn''t have to be made _. He always works hard.A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 解析： make后接不帶to&

16、#160;的動詞不定式，當其用于被動時，to 不可省略，故答案B.。4)S he pretended _ me when I passed by.A.not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen解析：答案：A。 pretend 后應(yīng)接不定式。其否定形式為pretend not to do sth.。5) The patient was warned _