中考英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞考點(diǎn)歸納與例析

1、中考英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞考點(diǎn)歸納與例析【重點(diǎn)講解】數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種，表示事物數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞如one, two, three, forty等；表示事物順序的數(shù)詞稱為序數(shù)詞。如first, second, third, fortieth等。數(shù)詞的用法要注意一下幾點(diǎn)： 1、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的拼寫(xiě)形式。主要掌握1-12及20、21等的序數(shù)詞的形式，其它序數(shù)詞都是在基數(shù)詞末尾加-th，是有規(guī)律可循的。onefirstsixsixtheleveneleventhtwosecondsevenseventhtwelvetwelfththreethirdeighteighththirteenthirteenth

2、fourfourthnineninthtwentytwentiethfivefifthtententhtwenty-onetwenty-first另外，序數(shù)詞的縮略形式是由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞的最后兩個(gè)字母構(gòu)成。例如：1st, 25th。2. 時(shí)刻表達(dá)法。表示時(shí)刻有兩種說(shuō)法： 1) 先說(shuō)分鐘，后說(shuō)鐘點(diǎn)。幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分，分鐘不超過(guò)三十分鐘時(shí)用past。例如：Its five past eight now. 現(xiàn)在是八點(diǎn)（過(guò)）五分。幾點(diǎn)差幾分或差幾分幾點(diǎn)，差的分鐘數(shù)不超過(guò)二十九分鐘時(shí),用to。例如：Its twenty-nine to eight. 八點(diǎn)差二十九分。Its a quarter to eig

3、ht. 差一刻八點(diǎn)。2)先說(shuō)鐘點(diǎn)，后說(shuō)分鐘。在日常生活中，為了簡(jiǎn)便，常用這種說(shuō)法。例如：Its eight thirty. 八點(diǎn)三十分。3年、月、日表達(dá)法。 1）年份用基數(shù)詞表示，一般寫(xiě)為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，讀時(shí)可以以hundred為單位，也可以以世紀(jì)、年代為單位分別來(lái)讀。如：1949 讀作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine；2000讀作twenty hundred，或two thousand。表示在哪一年，一般在年份前加介詞in，使用year時(shí)，year放在數(shù)詞之前。如：in the year two fifty-three

4、B.C. 在公元前253年。但是，通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。2）在哪個(gè)月用介詞in加月份詞表示。例如：in May在五月。3）日期用定冠詞the加序數(shù)詞表示。在哪一天要用介詞on。例如：National Day is on Oct. 1. (=National Day is on the 1st of October) 國(guó)慶節(jié)是十月一日。 4）美國(guó)英語(yǔ)的月份在日期前面, 如：2008年8月3日表達(dá)為August 3, 2008；英國(guó)英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣是日在月前, 如：3 August 2008或3rd August 2008.4電話號(hào)碼及編號(hào)。編號(hào)既可以用序數(shù)詞，也可用基數(shù)詞。例如： the

5、 first lesson - Lesson One 第一課the fiftieth page - page 50第五十頁(yè) 有的編號(hào)習(xí)慣上常用基數(shù)詞。例如： Room 829 (讀作eight two nine) 829號(hào)房間 Tel. No. 2793586 (讀作Telephone number two seven nine three five eight six) 5分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法。分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞合成。分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。分子是1 時(shí)，分母用單數(shù)形式；分子大于1時(shí)，分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：1/3 one third；2/3 two thirds6小數(shù)的表達(dá)法。整數(shù)與

6、小數(shù)之間用小數(shù)點(diǎn)隔開(kāi)。讀小數(shù)時(shí)，每位數(shù)字(特別是小數(shù)點(diǎn)后面的)要單獨(dú)讀出。小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作point (點(diǎn))，零讀作zero (或naught)。如果整數(shù)是零，往往不讀出。例如： 0.5讀作zero(naught)point five, 或point five 7. 百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法。5% 5 per cent讀作：five percent8. 加減乘除表示法。1） “加”用plus，and或add表示；“等于”用is，make，equal等詞表示。1+2=? 可表示為：How much is one plus two?If we add one to/and two, we get thr

7、ee一加二等于三。2）“減”用 minus表示。106? How much is ten minus six?Take six from ten and the remainder is four. 十減去六等于四。3） “乘”用time（動(dòng)詞）或multiply表示。3X7? How much is three times seven?Three multiplied by seven makes twenty-one三乘以七等于二十一。4） “除”用divide的過(guò)去分詞形式表示。12 ÷ 4=? How much is twelve divided by four?Twelve

8、 divided by four equals/gives/makes three十二除以四等于三?！局锌兼溄印?. - Do you still remember the snow storm last winter？- Sure! _ people _ from going home during that time.A. One hundred, stopped B. Ten hundreds of, were stopped C. Hundreds, stopped D. Hundreds of, were stopped 答案：D?！窘馕觥炕鶖?shù)詞表示具體數(shù)目時(shí)，hundred, th

9、ousand, million用單數(shù)形式。但在表示“數(shù)百”、“數(shù)千”、“數(shù)百萬(wàn)”等不確切數(shù)目時(shí)，hundred, thousand, million要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且后接“of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，所以第一空填Hundreds of；人們是受到暴風(fēng)雪的阻擋而回不了家，people與stop是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以第二空填were stopped。2. - Peter, how old is your father this year?- _. And we just had a party for his _ birthday last weekend.A. Fortieth, forty B. Forty,

10、 forty C. Forty, fortieth D. Fortieth, fortieth 答案：C?！窘馕觥吭擃}考查的是基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法?；卮鹉挲g，要用基數(shù)詞；說(shuō)“第幾個(gè)”生日要用序數(shù)詞。3. All the teachers live on _ floor.A. the second B. two C. second 答案：A。【解析】該題考查的是基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法。序數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)前面要加定冠詞the。又如：December is the twelfth month of the year. 十二月是一年中的第十二個(gè)月份。4. - How many students are th

11、ere in your class?- Fifty. Two-thirds of us _ from Guangdong.A. isB. comesC. arewD. coming 答案：C?！窘馕觥勘绢}考點(diǎn)是數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致問(wèn)題。句中Two thirds of us指“我們當(dāng)中三分之二的人 ”至少也有幾個(gè)人，顯然是復(fù)數(shù)，因此選C。 5. - How old is the baby? - He is _. A. six-months-old B. six-month-old C. six-months old D. six months old 答案：D?！窘馕觥窟x項(xiàng)A和C本身是錯(cuò)誤的，

12、其中的month不可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。選項(xiàng)B是“基數(shù)詞 + 名詞 + 形容詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，只能用作定語(yǔ)。6. _ is said that _ tourists visit Geyuan Garden every day.A. That, thousands of B. It, five thousand of C. It , thousands of D. This, three thousand 答案：C?！窘馕觥?“it is said that”，表示“據(jù)說(shuō)”，是一個(gè)固定句型。thousand與of連用要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以排除B而選C。7. Time is not enough for

13、 so much work. _ people are needed, I think. A. Other two B. Only two C. Two more D. Two others 答案：C?！窘馕觥炕鶖?shù)詞與more連用，并放在more前，表示“另外有”、“還有”的意思。8. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _ one.A. three B. third C. forth D. 不填 答案：B?！窘馕觥啃驍?shù)詞前加不定冠詞a/an, 表示“又一”、“再一”的意思。 句意為，“那兩把尺子都斷了，我想買第三支?！彼耘懦?/p>

14、C選B。 又如：Please try it a second time. 請(qǐng)?jiān)僭囈辉嚒?【習(xí)題精煉】1. December is the _ month in a year. A. twenty B. twelve C. twentieth D. twelfth2- My birthday is on the second day after Children's Day. - Oh' it's _. Mine is on that day, too. A. June the two B. three June C. the third of June D. June

15、23. Another way of saying 10:40 is _. A. twenty to eleven B. twenty to twelve C. twelve to twenty D. eleven past forty5. Five _old people died of cold last year. A. hundreds of B. hundred C. hundreds of D. hundred of 4. The usually get up at 6:50. Here "at 6:50" means at _. A. ten past sit

16、 B. fifty to seven C. ten to seven D. fifty past six6. Basketball is so popular a game in the world that _ people play it for fun and exercise.A. million of B. millions of C. millions D. two millions of 7. The very important person in the story is an artist in his _. A. sixtieth B. sixty C. sixty

17、9;s D. sixties8. We are going to learn _next week.A. Lesson Nine B. Lesson Ninth C. Ninth Lesson D. the Lesson Ninth9. My mother is _. Today is her _birthday. A. forty; fortieth B. fourty; fourtieth C. forty; forteth D. fourty; fortyth10. About _ of the students in our school are less than 15 years

18、old. A. third fifths B. three fifths C. three fives D. three fifth 【答案詳解】1. 答案：D?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法的區(qū)別。12月是一年中的第12個(gè)月，所以要用序數(shù)詞twelfth。2. 答案：C?！窘馕觥俊皟和?jié)后的第二天”是“六月三日”，即the third of June或June 3(rd)或 June the third。故選C。3. 答案：A。【解析】本題考查時(shí)間的的兩種表達(dá)方法。一種是直接數(shù)字法，另一種是借助介詞to 或past來(lái)表達(dá)時(shí)間的方法。當(dāng)分鐘數(shù)小于或等于30的時(shí)候，就用past, 如，8：25 讀做twenty-five past eight。當(dāng)分鐘數(shù)大于30的時(shí)候，就要借助介詞to, 如，8：45讀做“九點(diǎn)差十五分”，英語(yǔ)表達(dá)為 a quarter to nine。再如，10：35 讀做twenty-five