建筑工程英語(yǔ)試題(共4頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一、將下述四個(gè)漢語(yǔ)句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)1、事實(shí)上，他們協(xié)調(diào)工程中每個(gè)人的活動(dòng)。答：They coordinate the activities of virtually everyone engaged in the work.2、建筑物的結(jié)構(gòu)是建筑物的功能、環(huán)境、及各種社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素共同作用的產(chǎn)物。答：The form of a building is an outgrowth of its function, its environment, and various socioeconomic factors.3、因?yàn)樗鑹w的厚度很大，承重墻結(jié)構(gòu)限制了建筑物的高度。答：

2、Bearing-wall construction limited the height of buildings because of the enormous wall thickness required.4、該體系由間距很小的柱子構(gòu)成的外框筒與圍繞中心設(shè)備區(qū)的剛性剪力墻內(nèi)筒組成。答：The system consists of an outer framed tube of very closely spaced columns and an interior rigid shear wall tube enclosing the central service area.二、將下述句

3、子翻譯成中文1、The development of the stressed-skin tube utilizes the façade of the building as a structural element which acts with the framed tube, thus providing an efficient way of resisting lateral loads in high-rise buildings, and resulting in cost-effective column-free interior space with a hig

4、h ratio of net to gross floor area.答：薄殼筒體的進(jìn)步是利用（高層）建筑的正面（墻或板）作為與框筒共同作用的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件，為高層建筑抵抗側(cè)向荷載提供了一個(gè)有效的途徑，而且可獲得不設(shè)柱子、節(jié)省成本、使用面積與建筑面積之比很高的室內(nèi)空間。2、All soils beneath the surface are in a state of compaction; that is, they are under a pressure that is equal to the weight of the soil column above it.答：所有地表以下的土都處于受壓

5、狀態(tài)，說(shuō)得更精確些，這些土承受與作用在其上的土柱重量相等的壓力。3、Architecture calls for good proportionsa pleasing relationship of voids to solids, of height to width, of length to breadth.答：建筑學(xué)要求有恰當(dāng)?shù)谋壤戳钊擞淇斓奶撆c實(shí)、高與寬、長(zhǎng)與寬的關(guān)系。4、Many teaching civil engineers engage in basic research that eventually leads to technical innovations in

6、construction materials and methods.答：許多從事教學(xué)的土木工程師參與會(huì)導(dǎo)致建筑材料和施工方法技術(shù)革新的基礎(chǔ)研究。三、翻譯下述專業(yè)詞語(yǔ)（英譯漢或漢譯英）1、structural engineering-結(jié)構(gòu)工程2、巖土工程-geotechnical engineering3、undergraduate students-本科畢業(yè)生4、管線工程-pipeline engineering5、water resources engineering-水資源工程6、框架筒-framed tube7、stressed-skin tube-薄殼筒體8、如上所述-as disc

7、ussed above9、reinforced concrete-鋼筋混凝土10、超高層建筑-ultrahigh-rise building四、將下述段落翻譯漢語(yǔ)1Structural engineering. In this specialty, civil engineers plan and design structures of all types, including bridge, dams, power plants, supports for equipment, special structures for offshore projects, the United Sta

8、tes space program, transmission towers, giant astronomical and radio telescopes, and many other kinds of projects. Using computers, structural engineers determine the forces a structure must resist: its own weight, wind and hurricane forces, temperature changes that expand or contract construction m

9、aterials, and earthquakes. They also determine the combination of appropriate materials: steel, concrete, plastic, asphalt, brick, aluminum, or other construction materials.答：結(jié)構(gòu)工程. 在這個(gè)專業(yè)中，土木工程師計(jì)劃和設(shè)計(jì)各種各樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，包括橋，水壩，發(fā)電廠，設(shè)備的支柱，海岸工程的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，美國(guó)空間項(xiàng)目，發(fā)射塔，巨大的天文射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡，和許多種其它的工程項(xiàng)目。利用計(jì)算機(jī)，結(jié)構(gòu)工程師計(jì)算一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)所必須承受的力：建筑物自重，風(fēng)力

10、和颶風(fēng)力，溫度變化而引起的建筑材料的熱脹冷縮的應(yīng)力，和地震力。他們也確定合適的材料組合方法：鋼材，砼，塑料，瀝青，磚，鋁或其它建筑材料。2The scientific basis for the design of buildings as shelters and for the design of 'civil engineering structures for other purposes is identical. It is only as a result of the specialized requirements of our modern society that

11、 these two fields have developed along separate paths. In a similar manner, the master builder concerned with the building as a shelter is no longer an individual; instead, his work is done by a team of several specialists: the planner, the architect, the engineer, and the builder. The execution of

12、a modern building depends on the collective talents of this team.答：不管是將建筑物設(shè)計(jì)成躲風(fēng)避雨的場(chǎng)所，還是將土木工程結(jié)構(gòu)用于其它用途，其科學(xué)根據(jù)都是一樣的。這兩個(gè)領(lǐng)域沿著不同的道路發(fā)展，也只是我們的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的特殊需求的結(jié)果。同理，將建筑物當(dāng)成躲風(fēng)避雨場(chǎng)所的建造商已不再是個(gè)人行為了；相反，其工作由幾個(gè)專家所組成的隊(duì)伍來(lái)完成，這些專家有：設(shè)計(jì)師，建筑師，工程師和施工人員。當(dāng)代建筑主管要依靠他的建筑隊(duì)的集體智慧。3Where wastewater discharges into rivers from which drinking

13、water is taken downstream(下游), special attention is given not only to the removal of organic matter from the wastes but also to the disinfection processes that inactivate microorganisms(微生物). Also of concern are discharges of organic chemical contaminants from industry or runoff from farm lands alon

14、g the river contaminated by pesticides(殺蟲(chóng)劑) and herbicides(除草劑). 答：從廢水排入江河處的下游取用飲水時(shí),不僅要特別注意從廢水中清除有機(jī)物,而且要注意進(jìn)行純化微生物的消毒處理.也要關(guān)注從工廠排出的有機(jī)化學(xué)污染物,還要關(guān)注,沿殺蟲(chóng)劑和除草劑所污染的河流所灌溉的農(nóng)田流出的排出物。五、判斷以下各句下畫(huà)線部分何處有錯(cuò)，并改錯(cuò)。（每句只有一處有錯(cuò)）1、The high-rise buildings ranging through 50 to 110 stories that are being built all over the U.S.

15、are the result of innovations and development of new structural systems.答： through from2、The system, known as the tube-in-tube system, made it possible designing the worlds present tallest building.答： designing to design3、Civil engineers who specialize on this field analyze the properties of soils and rocks that support structures and affect structural behavior.答：on in4、Many also serve as consultants on engi