開放英語3學習筆記發(fā)送版-完型填空

1、英語(1)學習筆記-完型填空之前已經(jīng)給大家發(fā)送了英語(1)學習筆記-交際用語部分和語法與結構部分，這次我們再學習完形填空部分。一、內容介紹l 完形填空部分主要考查語法、詞匯知識及其運用，一般是一篇短文，10個小題，每題2分，共20分。l 從09年7月開始，完形填空部分所給選項從4個改為3個，難度有所降低。二、做題技巧完型填空考查的是綜合語言能力，要求較高。它不同于單句填空，要求從單句理解水平提高到語篇的理解水平。也就是說，做完形填空題不但要有相當?shù)恼Z法、詞匯知識及其運用能力，而且要具有一定的語篇分析能力，良好的語感和邏輯思維能力以及相對廣泛的背景知識。很多人經(jīng)常在這道題上失分較多。其實做好完形

2、填空并不難，每種考試都有一定的規(guī)律可循，掌握這些規(guī)律和技巧做題就能事半功倍。答題步驟和技巧如下：1、通讀全文，掌握大意 做完形填空題，先不要忙著做下面的選擇項，而應該迅速通讀全文，忽略空白，掌握文章大意、文章結構和各部分的邏輯關系。只有通過對全文的閱讀、思索和整體觀察，才能根據(jù)上下文所提供的信息去做出推理判斷，從而選出最佳答案。一定不要讀一行填一空，要知道，四個選項中就文章某一句而言，可能二個三個甚至四個都是可選的，而就全文而言，只有一個是最佳的。【例】It was one of the most _ and tiring games I've ever had. In a way,

3、I think we both won the game. A. encouraging B. hopeless C. surprising D. regular 【解析】就本句而言，A、B、C、D 中四個形容詞能用and 和tiring相連的有 B 、C 兩個選項。但是根據(jù)最后一句In a way, I think we both won: I the game, 說明"我"最后贏了比賽。所以B選項hopeless是不合適的。 瀏覽全文時要重點了解文中所敘述的人物、時間、地點、事件，即who, when, where, what.而要了解全文大意，文章開頭第一句是全文的窗

4、口，是解題指南，我們往往可以從第一句中判斷文章的體裁，預測全文的主題思想。 2、瞻前顧后，逐句細讀 通讀完全文后，大致了解了短文大意和篇章結構，就可以開始以句子為單位仔細進行閱讀，逐個填空。在具體選擇中要注意以下幾點： （1）根據(jù)選項的不同詞義判斷答案 有些完形填空題考的是對不同單詞詞義的辨別能力?！纠縏hen Ed first phoned and _ we play. Adeclared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested 【解析】這句話講的是“Ed 打電話提議/建議（suggest）和我進行打球比賽”。declare（申明）用詞太大；menti

5、on（提到一件事/一個人） 和persuade （說服）在本句中用法不當，suggest we （should）play 是虛擬語氣。所以答案為D。 （2） 根據(jù)社會及生活常識推斷答案 有些題要根據(jù)常識來判斷。完形填空本身考的是綜合能力，文章本身蘊涵著各類相關知識。如果有豐富的社會生活常識，會使文章問題簡單化，也是綜合能力的一種體現(xiàn)?！纠縃is big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the family often _ about that, Ed refused to

6、buy a larger T-shirt or to lose weight. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 【解析】這一句講Ed胖的肚子像氣球一樣突了出來，根據(jù)實際生活經(jīng)驗應該可以判斷，家里人經(jīng)常笑話（joke）他。但他還是不去買寬大（larger）的襯衣來掩蓋突出的肚子；也不減肥以減小已經(jīng)很大的肚子。care about something 表示“在意，關心”，是靜態(tài)動詞，不適合用often 來修飾。forget和本句邏輯不相符；quarrel與實際生活不相符。 （3） 根據(jù)上下文所提供的信息判斷答案 完形填空題中，有許多前面的空白處選項

7、取決于上下文中提供的有關信息?！纠縄 laughed quietly, figuring on an _ victory. A. unforgettable B. unexpected C. easy D. early 【解析】本句中l(wèi)augh quietly（暗暗竊喜）表示自己將處于有利位置，估計自己將輕易（easy）取勝（victory）。而unforgettable（忘記不了的）和unexpected（意想不到的） 與本句邏輯不相符；early 和本句意思無關。所以答案為C。 （4）根據(jù)上下文的邏輯推理判斷答案 文章上下文的邏輯關系常常用一些連接詞來表達：有表達并列對等關系的and，a

8、s well as等；有表達轉折關系的but，yet，while，however等，有表達因果關系的so，therefore，as a result，because of，due to等。 【例】My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. _ , at the point in our game when I'd have predicted（預計）the score to be 9 to 1 in my favor, it was instead 7 to 9-and Ed was leading A.

9、After all B. As a result C. Above all D. At last 【解析】上文講到Ed的體形發(fā)生了很大的變化，下文就要講體形變化對這場球賽的影響, 所以用as a result（結果是）來引出體形變化的結果。而after all （畢竟），above all（最重要的是），at last（最后，終于）都與本句意思無關。 3、認真審讀，仔細驗證 填空完畢之后，一道必不可少的工作就是認真審讀，驗證答案。一篇殘缺不全的短文經(jīng)過修補之后，如果在意義、邏輯、聯(lián)系、搭配等方面都能順理成章，那么它就基本上恢復了本來面目了。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)不夠順暢的答案，憑語感重新考慮。 考試中是怎么

10、考的呢？一起來看看歷年真題：1The ancient Olympic Games _ (_16_) _ a part of a religious festival in honor _ (_17_) _ Zeus, the father of the Greek gods and goddesses. The festival and the games _ (_18_) in Olympia, a religious sanctuary。In the ancient games, athletes received prizes worth large amounts of money.

11、In fact the word “athlete” is an ancient Greek word, _ (_19_) _ “one who competes _ (_20_) _ a prize”. The marathon was not an event of the ancient Olympic Games. The marathon is a modern event that was first _ (_21_) _ in the Olympic Games in 1896. It was _ (_22_) _ a village called Marathon _ (_23

12、_) _ the Persians _ (_24_) _ by a small Greek army. The news of the victory was brought to Athens by soldier, who ran the 26 miles from the village of Marathon to the capital. 26 miles was _ (_25_) _ adopted as the distance of the modern marathon race.（ 2009年7月真題）16. A. is B. were C. was 17. A. for

13、B. after C. of 18. A. are hold B. held C. were held 19. A. meaning B. mean C. meant 20. A. of B. for C. in 21. A. introduced B. introducing C. introduce 22. A. name for B. named after C. named of 23. A. that B. which C. where 24. A. were defeated B. defeats C. defeated 25. A. because B. furthermore

14、C. therefore 答案與分析：16. B。句中主語Olympic Games是指奧林匹克運動會，通?？醋鲝蛿?shù)，并且文章通篇都用一般過去時，這里也不例外，所以謂語動詞用were。17. C。in honor of是固定詞組，表示“紀念”。18. C。句中主語（The festival and the games）是物，要用被動語態(tài)，同時和文章主體時態(tài)保持一致，這里也用一般過去時，因此答案為C。19. A。這里要用meaning，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾the word “athlete”，對單詞意思進行解釋。20. B。這里用介詞for，表示目的，意思是“為獎金競爭”。21. A。這句話主語是

15、“The marathon”，物體作主語要用被動語態(tài)，因此正確答案為A，表示“引進”。22. B。這句話意思是“馬拉松這項運動根據(jù)命名”，因此用name for“提名為，任命為”。23. C。這里需要填一個關系代詞，根據(jù)句意可知修飾的是a village called Marathon，是一個地點所以用where，在從句中作地點狀語。24. A。句中有被動語態(tài)的標志by，結合句意可知這里應該用被動語態(tài)，所以正確答案為A。25. C。根據(jù)句意可知這里是表結果，因此用therefore。because表原因；furthermore表遞進。2There are advantag

16、es and disadvantages to 16 Asian and Western educational methods. For example, one advantage 17 the education in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science 18 American students. They also study more hours each day than Americans 19 . The study is difficult, but it 20 students for

17、a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage.Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, 21 many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.The advantage to the education in North America

18、, 22 the other hand, is that students learn to think by themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values 23 ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school, they haven't memorized 24 many basic rules and facts as students in other countries 25_.（20

19、08年1月、2008年7月真題）16. A. not only B. all C. both D. only17. A. for B. to C. in D. as18. A. to B. for C. than D. in19. A. have B. studying C. does D. do20. A. provides B. gets C. prepares D. does21. A. and B. yet C. not D. just22. A. at B. to C. on D. under23. A. good B. poor C. new D. old24. A. more B

20、. less C. good D. as25. A. have B. do C. haven't D. does答案與分析：16C。這里用both和后面的to構成詞組，表示“和”，這句話的意思是“亞洲和西方教育方法都有優(yōu)點和缺點”。17B。advantage后用介詞to，表示“的優(yōu)點”；前一句中也有同樣用法。18C。句中“much more”通常用于比較級，表示“多得多”，由此可知這里要用than。19D。這句話的意思是“他們每天學習的時間也比美國學生多”，為了避免重復，這里省略“study each day”，只用助動詞代替。句中使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時，且Americans是復數(shù)，因此用

21、do。20C。prepare.for.意思是“為某人準備某物”。這句話的意思是“學習很難，但學生們由此了解到社會注重紀律和自我控制”。21B。這句與前一句意思有轉折，因此用yet。22C。on the other hand是固定詞組，表示“另一方面”。23C。這句話是和之前的“教育系統(tǒng)”作比較，由此可以推斷這里是說“有新的理念”，正確答案為C。24D。as many.as表示“和一樣多”，表示同級比較。25A。這也是省略用法。根據(jù)句中時態(tài)以及students可知應該用助動詞have。3Peter Blake is a successful businessman, but he (16) _

22、to be very poor. He had nowhere to live and (17) _ working in a pub when he (18) _ to start his own business. Peter had always (19) _ interested in plants and flowers, (20) _ he decided to set up a company (21) _ cared for the plants in big offices. At first he worked on his (22) _ but soon he took

23、(23) _ two people to help him. The company has been growing (24) _ for the last ten years. Peter is now very rich, (25) _ he complains that now he doesnt work with plants but with a computer every day! （2007年7月、2009年1月真題）16. A. would B. was C. used D. use17. A. did B. was C. been D. has been18. A. h

24、ad decided B. decided C. was deciding D. had decided19. A. was B. had C. being D. been20. A. so B. but C. since D. although21. A. who B. which C. whose D. 22. A. own B. self C. one D. himself23. A. up B. over C. on D. in24. A. B. up C. over D. into25. A. therefore B. so C. but D. moreover答案與分析：16Cus

25、e to意思是“曾經(jīng)”，這里用一般過去時used。 17B強調過去某個時間的情況，用過去進行時，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，因此用was，B是正確答案。 18B主語用了過去進行時，從句通常用一般過去時，因此這里用decided。 19Dbe interested in表示“對感興趣”，這句話用的是過去完成時，因此這里填been。 20A這句話和前一句的因果關系，因此用連詞so。but表轉折；since表原因或時間；although表讓步。21B這里要填的是關系代詞，指代的是the company，并且在從句中作主語，因此用which。who指人，在從句中作主語；whose指人，在從句中作定語。 2

26、2Aon ones own意思是“獨自”。 23C這里指雇用，用take on。take up“從事”；take over“接管”；take in“接受”。 24A這里的grow做不及物動詞，后面不需要加賓語或介詞，句子意思是“這個公司近十年來持續(xù)發(fā)展”。 25C根據(jù)句意可知這里應該用表轉折的連詞，因此用but。句子意思是“皮特現(xiàn)在富了，但是他抱怨說現(xiàn)在每天都要和電腦而不是植物一起工作”。therefore表結果；so也表結果；moreover表遞進。4A study (16) _ that fitness is the key (17) _ long life, irrespective o

27、f body shape or even smoking habits. Researcher discovered that people (18) _ exercise live longer than those who do not, (19) _ they are overweight and smoke.The study found that the least fit of the 6000 middle-aged men in the study were five times (20) _ to die within six years of the start of th

28、e research than the fittest. This was true whether or not the men had heart problems, smoked, or (21) _ overweight. Scientists concluded that it was better to be fat and active than skinny and sedentary. Dr Ken Cooper, a fitness expert, said, “You are better off smoking a packet of cigarettes a day

29、and (22) _ regularly than being non-smoker and sedentary.” Although he adds, “But dont misunderstand me. I am not endorsing smoking. I am trying to tell you how dangerous it is to be sedentary.”(23) _, the study appears to fly in the face of research last year which concluded that more than 30000 pe

30、ople die prematurely every year in Britain from illness caused by being overweight.The Britain Government is putting pressure on manufacturers (24) _ high levels of sugar in food and to restrict the hard-sell of junk food to children in order to improve the nations health. But the new study suggests

31、 the Government (25) _ more people to exercise. （2007年1月真題）16. A. showing B. show C. has shown D. had shown17. A. to B. for C. of D. in18. A.-(不填) B. which C. whom D. who19. A. if B. unless C. even if D. because20. A. like B. likely C. less likely D. more likely21. A. was B. were C. is D. are22. A. to exercise B. exercising C. exercise D. exercised23. A. However B. So C. Although D. Furthermore24. A. reduce B. reducing C. to reduce D. reduced25. A. encouraged B. encouraging C. to encourag