聽(tīng)力教程第二版第三冊(cè)答案UNIT7施心遠(yuǎn)(供參考)

1、UNIT7SectiononeTacticsforListeningPart1SpotDictationMeetYourChiropractorThedoctorofchiropractic(D.C.)isa(1)well-recognizedmemberofthehealthteamwho(2)considersthehumanbodyasatotalfunctioning(3)Mtandgivesspecialattentiontothespine,(4)muscles,nerves,circulatoryandskeletal(5)systems.Thechiropractorseeks

2、to(6)relievepain.Theproceduresutilizedareprimarilyfocusedonthe(7)spine.Thechiropractorisconcernedaboutthespinesrelationshiptothe(8)nervesystem,whichcontrolsimportantbodyfunctions.Thechiropractorknowsthatamalfunctioning*spinaljointcannotonlycause(9)backpainorheadaches,itcanalso(10)interferew讓hthenerv

3、esleadingfromthespine,thereby(11)affectingotherportionsofthebody.MillionsofAmericansarechiropracticpatientsforawidevarietyof(12)healthdisorders.Theydependontheirchiropractorastheir(13)familydoctortohelpthemmaintaintheirhealththroughproper(14)diagnosis,treatment,andreferralwhen(15)necessary.Aminimumo

4、fsixyearsofcollegestudyincludinginternships(16)goesintothemakingofachiropracticphysician.Manydoctorsofchiropracticchooseto(17)limittheirpracticestocertainspecialties,suchas(18)sportsinjuries,nutrition,orthopedicsorradiology.Asa(19)licensedandregulatedmemberofthehealingarts,thedoctorofchiropracticmus

5、tpassastate(20)licensingboardexaminationinordertopractice.Part2listeningforGistLiketheIronAgeHvolunteers,Paulhasalsochosentocuthimselfofffrommanyaspectsofmodemlife,not,however,asanexperimentbutbecausehefeelsitisamoresatisfactorywaytolive.HeistalkingabouthissmallcottageintheWelshmountains:HAndthatbri

6、ngsmetosaywhatisprimitiveaboutit,namely,itisanythingthathastobedone,andthereareobviouslycertainbasicneedsoflife,isDIYastheysay:Doityourself.Thereisnolabortobehadnowadaysinsucharemotepart.Er,therearenoneighborsformostoftheyearandsoyouareonyourownentirely.Theplaceitselfisextremelyprimitive.Er,Imention

7、edthewater.Imentionedthatwenowhavegotelectricity.Er,thebuildingitself-ifsimportanttokeepitcleananditsstupidtotry.Wetrytokeepittidy,andreasonablyclean.Itisverydifficulttokeepitwarm,warmenoughparticularlyinwinterandthatwedobyanoldkitchenrangewithcoalandwood.ExerciseDirections:Listentothepassageandfind

8、itstopicsentence.ThetopicsentenceisTheplace讓selfisextremelyprimitive.”SectionTwoListeningComprehensionPartiDialogueAHealthyUfeDrMartinAnswaywritesacolumninapopularwomensmagazineonhealthproblems.Heisalsoanexpertonheartdisease.Q:Isthereasecrettogoodhealth?Imean,istheresomewaywecanachieveitwhichisnotge

9、nerallyknown?A:Itcertainlyisntasecret.However,thereisagreatdealofignorance,evenamongsupposedlyeducatedpeople,abouthowtobereasonablyhealthy.Q:Well,whatadvicedoyougive,then?A:Vh.tobeginwith,takediet.IbelievethatoneofthegreatestdangerstohealthinBritainandothercountries.particularlydevelopedcountries.is

10、thekindoffoodwetendtoprefer.Q:Suchas?A:Suchasthatgreatnationalinstitution,theBritishbreakfast,forexample,hamandeggs.Orthekindoflunchsomanypeopleinthiscountryhave:sausageandchips!Oralltheconveniencefoodslikehamburgers.Oreventhingsweregardashealthy”,suchasfull-fatmilk.OrCheddarcheese.Thelistisendless.

11、Q:Whafswrongwiththosethings?A:Theexcessiveconsumptionofsuchthingsleadstotheoverproductionofcholesterol,whichinturnresultsinheartattack.Q:Excuseme,butwhatexactlyischolesterol?A:Itsa.wax-likesubstance.yellowish.andifsproducednaturallyinourlivers.Weallneedsomecholesterolforsurvival.Q:Well,ifweneedit,in

12、whatwayisitbadforus?A:Toomuchofitisbadforus.Itbuildsupinourarteries,causingthemtogetnarrower,sothatourbloodsupplyhasdifficultyingettingthrough.andthis,ofcourse,caneventuallyendinaheartattackorstroke.ThepointTmtryingtomakehereisthat,eventhoughweallneedsomecholesterolinordertoinsulateournerves,andtopr

13、oducecellmembranesandhormones,thethingsmanyofuseatandevenconsiderhealthyleadtotheoverproductionofcholesterol.Andthisisverydangerous.Q:Howcanweavoidthisoverproductionofcholesterol?A:Bycuttingdownourconsumptionofanimalfats:thingslikeredmeat,cheese,eggs,andsoon.Andbyincreasingourconsumptionoffreshfruit

14、andvegetables,andalsobyeatingmorepotatoes,rice,pastaandbread.Q:Pasta?Potatoes?But.arentsuchthingsfattening?A:Nonsense.Itisntpasta,potatoesorbreadthatmakesusfat.Itswhatweputonsuchthings!Cheese,Butter,Meat!Q:Soanythingwelike,anythingthafsdelicious,isbadforus.IsntthatwhatyouYesaying?A:Rubbish!Tmsimplys

15、ayingweeattoomuchofthesethings.Andtherearemanywaysofpreparingdeliciousfoodwithoutusingsuchlargequantitiesofanimalfats.Q:Lastofall,whataboutexercise?Yourecentlywarnedagainstcertainformsofexercise,whichyousaidcouldbedangerous.A:WhatIsaidwasthatifpeoplearentusedtogettingregularandvigorousexercise,theys

16、houldbeginslowly,andnottrytodotoomuchatthebeginning!Ialsosaidthatcertaingames,suchassquash,canbedangerous,particularlyifyouarentusedtoplayingthem.Anumberofinjuriesareduetosudden,twistingmovementsthatgameslikesquashinvolve.Q:Whatkindsofexercisedoyourecommend,then?A:Gentlejogging,swimming,cycling,bris

17、kwalking.exercisethatisrhythmicandgentle,andaboveall,sustained.Thatis,doneforatleastfifteenminutesuninterruptedlyatleastthreetimesaweek.Weallneedsuchexercise,andthefactisthatfartoofewofusgetenoughofit,particularlyifweliveinlargecitiesandregularlyusecars.ExerciseDirections:Listentothedialogueandcompl

18、etethefollowinggrids.A.CholesterolAyellowish,wax-likesubstance,whichisproducedDefinitionnaturallyinourlivers.WeallneedsomecholesterolinordertoinsulateFunctionournerves,andtoproducecellmembranesandhormones.OverproductionWhencholesterolbuildsupinourarteries,itcausesthemtogetnarrower,sothatourbloodsupp

19、lyhasdifficultyingettingthroughandthiscaneventuallyendinaheartattackorstroke.HowtoavoidthisoverproductionB.ExerciseBycuttingdownourconsumptionofanimalfats:thingslikeredmeat,cheese,eggs,andsoon.Andbyincreasingourconsumptionoffreshfruitandvegetables,andalsobyeatingmorepotatoes,rice3pastaandbread.Forms

20、ofexercisewarnedagainstAnumberofinjuriesareduetosudden,twistingmovementsthatgameslikesquashinvolve.FormsofexerciserecommendedGentlejogging,swimming,cycling,briskwalking.exercisethatisrhythmicandgentle.ThingstoberemembereclExerciseshouldbesustained,thatis5doneforatleastfifteenminutesuninterruptedlyat

21、leastthreetimesaweek.Part2PassageAgingofAmerica1)Theimpendingcollisionbetweentheboomersandthenationsretirementsystemisnaturallycatchingtheeyeofpolicymakersandtheboomersthemselves.2) RetirementincomesecurityintheUnitedStateshastraditionallybeenbasedontheso-calledthree-leggedstool:SocialSecurity,priva

22、tepensions,andotherpersonalsaving.3) Retirementplanningtakestime,andtheseissuesneedtobeaddressedsoonerratherthanlater.4) Onefoundthatin1991themedianhouseholdheadedbya65-69-year-oldhadfinancialassetsofonly$14,000,butexpandingthemeasuretoincludeSocialSecurity,pensions,housing,andotherwealthboostsmedia

23、nwealthtoabout$270,000.5) OnlyoneortwogenerationsofAmericanshavehadlengthyretirements,andthecrucialretirementissueskeepchangingrapidly,makinglong-termpredictionsevenharder.TheBabyBoom*generation-theroughly76millionpeoplebornbetween1946and1964hasbeenreshapingAmericansocietyforfivedecades.Fromjammingt

24、henationsschoolsinthe1950sand1960s,tocrowdinglabormarketsandhousingmarketsinthe1970sand1980s,toaffectingconsumptionpatternsalmostcontinuously,boomershavealteredeconomicpatternsandinstitutionsateachstageoftheirlives.Nowthattheleadingedgeofthegenerationhasturned50,theimpendingcollisionbetweentheboomer

25、sandthenationsretirementsystemisnaturallycatchingtheeyeofpolicymakersandtheboomersthemselves.RetirementincomesecurityintheUnitedStateshastraditionallybeenbasedontheso-calledthree-leggedstool:SocialSecurity,privatepensions,andotherpersonalsaving.SinceWorldWarIIthesystemhasservedtheelderlywell:Thepove

26、rtyrateamongelderlyhouseholdsfellfrom35percentin1959to11percentin1995.Arethebabyboomersmakingadequatepreparationsforretirement?Inpart,theanswerdependsonwhatismeantby“adequate”.Onedefinitionistohaveenoughresourcestomaintainpre-retirementlivingstandardsinretirement.Aruleofthumb*oftenusedbyfinancialpla

27、nnersisthatretireesshouldbeabletomeetthisgoalbyreplacing60-80percentofpre-retirementincome.Retiredhouseholdscanmaintaintheirpre-retirementstandardoflivingwithlessincomebecausetheyhavemoreleisuretime,fewerhouseholdmembers,andlowerexpenses.Taxesarelowerbecauseretireesescapepayrolltaxesandtheincometaxi

28、sprogressive.Andmortgageshave,forthemostpart,beenpaidoff.Ontheotherhand,olderhouseholdsmayfacehigherandmoreuncertainmedicalexpenses,eventhoughtheyarecoveredbyMedicare.Fromapublicpolicyperspective,assuringthatretireesmaintain100percentofpre-retirementlivingstandardsmaybeoverlyambitious.Butshouldpolic

29、ymakersaimtoensurethattheymaintain90percentoftheirlivingstandards?Orthattheystayoutofpoverty?Orusesomeothercriterion?Retirementplanningtakestime,andtheseissuesneedtobeaddressedsoonerratherthanlater.Asecondbigquestionishowtomeasurehowwellbabyboomersarepreparingforretirement.Studiesthatfocusonlyonpers

30、onalsavingputasideforretirementyieldbleakconclusions.Onefoundthatin1991themedianhouseholdheadedbya65-69-year-oldhadfinancialassetofonly$14,000.ButexpandingthemeasuretoincludeSocialSecurity,pensions,housing,andotherwealthboostsmedianwealthtoabout$270,000.Athirdissue-crucialbutasyetlittleexplored-iswh

31、ichbabyboomersarenotprovidedadequatelyforretirementandhowbigthegapisbetweenwhattheyhaveandwhattheyshouldhave.Someboomersaredoingextremelywell,othersquitepoorly.Summaryaveragesforanentiregenerationmaynotbeusefulasdescriptionsoftheproblemorassuggestionsforpolicy.Theuncertainprospectsforthebabyboomersi

32、nretirementareparticularlytroublingbecause,asasociety,weasyetunderstandlittleaboutthedynamicsofretirement.OnlyoneortwogenerationsofAmericanshavehadlengthyretirements,andthecrucialretirementissues-healthcare,assetmarkets,SocialSecurity,lifespan-keepchangingrapidly,makinglong-termpredictionsevenharder

33、.ExerciseAPre-listeningQuestionAsChinasagingpopulationisincreasingrapidly,thereshouldbeawell-fundedpensionsystemputinplace.However,thecountryspensionsystemonlycoversafractionoftheworkforce.ItpredictsthatChinawillhaveanelderlypopulationofabout400millionby2040,whichw川bealargeburdenontheeconomyifaneffectivepensionsystemisnotestablished.TheChinesegovernment,awarethattheoldpensionsystemintheplannedeconomycouldnotkeeppacewiththemarketeconomy,startedtoreformapurelypay-as-you-go”pensionsystemin1997andintroducedonethatcombinesabasicpensionwithpersonalsavingsaccounts.Theaccountsare