2020屆英語(yǔ)高考短文改錯(cuò)專題訓(xùn)練

1、解題技巧第一步必須熟悉設(shè)錯(cuò)方式1,必須熟悉設(shè)錯(cuò)方式：多詞、少詞、錯(cuò)詞。多詞現(xiàn)象大多出現(xiàn)在冠詞、介詞、助動(dòng)詞、連詞、語(yǔ)義重復(fù)及行文邏輯等方面。少詞現(xiàn)象主要出現(xiàn)在冠詞、介詞、副詞、助動(dòng)詞、不定式符號(hào)to、連詞等。錯(cuò)詞現(xiàn)象主要在冠詞、介詞、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、主謂一致、代詞、連詞、詞形。2.平時(shí)應(yīng)加強(qiáng)基本功訓(xùn)練，用一個(gè)“錯(cuò)題集”本把自己或同學(xué)在書面表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤歸納一下，以便考前復(fù)習(xí)。第一步加強(qiáng)基本功訓(xùn)練短文改錯(cuò)與書面表達(dá)一樣，最能反映一個(gè)人的語(yǔ)言功底。大家在該題上失分最厲害，因?yàn)榇祟}而影響英語(yǔ)總成績(jī)的占大多數(shù)。第二步對(duì)全文宏觀把握大家應(yīng)把改錯(cuò)內(nèi)容當(dāng)作一篇小短文來(lái)理解，這樣能對(duì)短文有

2、個(gè)宏觀把握，對(duì)上下文有全面的了解。在理解篇章的基礎(chǔ)上逐句審讀，分析判斷，上下兼顧，把明顯的、拿的準(zhǔn)的題先做完，這樣可以縮小包圍圈，也有助于對(duì)全文的進(jìn)一步理解。第三步從語(yǔ)法角度審查1 .查看時(shí)態(tài)是否一致。Myfavoritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.全文者B是用的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此句中的was顯然與上下文語(yǔ)境不符，應(yīng)改為am2.查看主謂是否一致。Anyonemayborrowbooks,anditcostnothingtoborrowthem.cost應(yīng)改為costs,因其主語(yǔ)是it（為形式主語(yǔ)），且上下文均為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。3.查指代是否

3、一致。TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.句中的主語(yǔ)theSmiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代詞his應(yīng)改為their4.查平行結(jié)構(gòu)是否平行一致。由and,or,but,either.or.,neither.nor.,notonly.butalso.,aswellas等并列連詞和詞組連接的結(jié)構(gòu)可稱為平行結(jié)構(gòu)。Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome.句中的drove顯然與and前面的tomeet不平行，應(yīng)改為drive。5.查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與修飾詞語(yǔ)或上

4、下文是否一致。Westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasMaths,Chinese.quiteafew只能修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故subject應(yīng)改為subjects。6.查行文邏輯是否一致。Mostpeoplecanquicklygethelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsincetheyareill.根據(jù)行文邏輯，這里不應(yīng)該由since來(lái)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，而應(yīng)該是when/whenever或if來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句。第四步十大常見錯(cuò)誤短文改錯(cuò)是有一定的規(guī)律可循的，縱觀近幾年的高考試題及我們平常的模擬考試，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)短文改錯(cuò)主要有以下十大錯(cuò)誤：1 .形容詞

5、與副詞的誤用。如exciting與excited,hard與hardly,possible與possibly,here與there等，以及形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)。2.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)誤用。如在several,many,various,different,afew,oneof等之后，常用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，在every與each之后常用單數(shù)。3.代詞的誤用。如you與your,its與its,it與they或them,one與ones,賓格（如me）與反身代詞（如myself）等的誤用。4.介詞的誤用、缺少或多余。常見的如in與on,to與for,instead與insteadof,because與b

6、ecauseof等的誤用。5.時(shí)態(tài)的錯(cuò)誤。看一篇文章，要有一種大局觀，要上前下掛，看看上下文的時(shí)態(tài)是否一致。6.連詞的誤用。如or與and的誤用，and與but的誤用，so與but的誤用，because或since與so連用，though與but連用等。7.第三人稱單數(shù)后的動(dòng)詞形式。8.一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)的誤用。如so.that被誤用作very.that,too.to被誤用very.to,as.as被誤作so.as等。9.定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的誤用。10.一些常用詞的誤用。如what與how,except與besides,any與some以及它們的合成詞如anything與something,anywh

7、ere與somewhere等混淆不清。第五步驗(yàn)證答案改完后，要回過(guò)頭來(lái)重讀一遍全文，查看改過(guò)后是否能使語(yǔ)氣通順，時(shí)態(tài)一致，合乎邏輯。再次通讀可以在初改時(shí)感覺不順的地方集中精力，仔細(xì)推敲，使答案更加準(zhǔn)確。第六步要多讀多背增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)感在平常的學(xué)習(xí)中一定要注重語(yǔ)感的培養(yǎng)，英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的根本任務(wù)是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言，而學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的根本在于學(xué)習(xí)和習(xí)得語(yǔ)感。語(yǔ)感一旦形成，就為英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。語(yǔ)言是學(xué)出來(lái)的，所以要學(xué)好語(yǔ)言，一定要多讀多背，尤其是背，它是語(yǔ)言習(xí)得最重要的途徑之一。真題訓(xùn)練1.（2019廣東一模）Duringmylastsummerholiday,Igotothecountrysidetoenjoymy

8、self.Isawmotherbirdstayinhernestinabigtree,watchingsomeofherbabyflyingaway.Ithoughtshemustbeveryproudofherchildren,thatwereabletofindherownfoodnow.Butshemightalsofeelasenseoflosssincetheywouldntneedofherday-to-daycareanylong.Formyparents,thingsaremucheasier.Wehavesetupourfamilyblogtopostingourphotos

9、andIleaveforcollege,wecanconvenientshareourexperiencesbutsupporteachnestwillneverbeempty.2.（2019廣州一模）Ropeskippingisasportsuitableforpeopleofallskipropeforfunandexercise.Everystudentareabletolearntocanskipaloneorwithyouryouskipalone,youwillneedshortropeaboutdoublethelengthofyourshouldturntheropeslows

10、othatyoucanskipmighthelpwithifyoucansingarhymewhileyouskiprope,yourheartbeatsfastthanusualandyourbodyis,stopforarestafteryouinjureyourself.So,pickuparope,findingasillyrhymeandstartskipping.3.（2019安徽黃山二模）ImwritingtocongratulateyouofyourwinningfirstprizeintheEnglishshortnovelcompetitionrecently.Imusts

11、aythatIamnotsurprisedwhenIheardfromthegoodnews.IknowthatyouhavepractisedwrittenEnglishnovelsinthepastyears.Imdelightedtoseeeffortshavefinallypaidoff.Bytheway,IamalsofondofwritingshorterpassagesinEnglish.WhatupsetsyoumostisthatIsometimescantfindsuitablewordorexpressionstomakemyselfunderstood.Wouldyou

12、bekindenoughtogivemeafewadviceonimprovingthissituation?Congratulationsagain.Ihopetogetyourreplyasearlyaspossibly.4.（2019廣東中山一中、仲元中學(xué)等七校高三一聯(lián)）Lastweekend,afterpayavisittothecityofNewYork,IvisitedtheSmithsonianInstitutionsNationalAirandSpaceMuseum,whereliesinWashington,.Themuseum,whichcoversaareaof18,00

13、0squaremeters,ismadeof24exhibitionoldinstrumentsthatfamouspilotsandastronautsusedandallkindsofplanes,rocket,missilesandspaceshipsofimportantareonaddition,Iseecopiesofsomesatellitesandinterestingly,Itriedoperatingonsomeaircraftbythevisit,Itooklotsofpicturesaswell.Thisbriefvisithelpedmyselflearnmuchab

14、outthehistoryofhumansspacemadememoreinterestinginscienceandtechnology.5.（2019河南林州一種高三7月調(diào)考）Iwenttothesupermarketwalkaround,Inoticedacreditcardonthefloorbypickeditupandwaitedforanone,aladywithananxiouslylookrushedIapproachedherandaskedwhyshehadlostaskedhernamebutconfirmedthatitmatchedtheIreturnedtosai

15、dshehadprayedtohermother,whohadpassedawayrecently,tohelpherfindthetalkedandIintroducedformyself,“MynameisClaire.Sheresponded,“Mymother;snameisClaireeither!6.（2018安徽合肥高三質(zhì)檢二）LastSaturdayourclasswenthikinginameetatourschoolgateandsetoffat8:00theway,weweresingingandlaughinghappilywhileagirlsuddenlyfelli

16、ntoadeepfeltsofrighteningandevenburstintoofmyclassmatefoundalongropeandwefinallygothim,shedidntsufferseriouslyinjuries,butitseemedthatherankleslightlymanagedtosendinghertothenearestisanexperiencewellneverforget,thoughwedidntenjoyforourselvesverymuchthatday.7.（2018江西贛州高三一模）MynameisLiMing,astudentstud

17、iedinGanzhouMiddleameagerbecomeavolunteerinyourgroupandIcanworktillmynexttermhavearealtalentongetthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetitioninourschoollast,Icanteachchildrenwhentosing,Iplaythepianoverywell,whatwillhelpalotinmyamalwaysbereadytootherpeoplemakesmyselfbelieveIcanmakefriendwiththehopeIamfortuna

18、telyenoughtobeamemberofyourgroup.8.（2019山東棗莊二中一模）Onedaylastmonth,agroupofAmericanstudentarrivedinwasoneofsaygoodbyetomydearparentsatNewYorkAirport,Istartedmylongwasmyfirstjourneyabroad!HowexcitingIfeltwhenIgotonleftShanghaitoTaierzhuangAncientTowntopayavisit,largestAncientTownintherewetookabustoBeij

19、ing,thatisthecapitalcityofwereexchangestudentsandsendtothecountrybytheirgovernmenttolearnChineseinBeijingfortwelvethefirstfewlessons,wefoundtheteacherstherereallyworkedhardly,andIamsureofeverythingwillgowellinthenextmonths.9.（原創(chuàng)）Lastmonth,PaulandIwenttoclimbthemountainnearourwereachedinthetopofthemountain,wefelttiredandsatdownrest,drinkingsomewater.Afewminutelater,Istoodupandsuddenlyfoundabirdnestinasmallofcuriosity,Islowlyloweredatreedownandnoticedthreewh