高考英語總復習：完形填空教案

1、完形填空一、完形填空題，有以下幾個特點：1. 短文難度基本穩(wěn)定，與高中英語教材課文難易基本相當。2. 短文選材一般為故事性文章，極少采用其他題材的文章。但往往不按時間順序平鋪直敘，有插敘或倒敘。有時還夾有描述和議論。3. 短文的第一句不設空格，提供給考生一個思路，以便考生做題。4. 考查內容主要是邏輯上的通順，極少是考語法。所以每題四個選項大多屬同一語法范疇。5. 短文長度基本穩(wěn)定，一般在250300個單詞左右。二、完形填空選項設置的幾個特點1. 同義、近義詞辨析型。多傾向考查動詞、名詞、形容詞。2. 固定搭配型。多傾向考查動詞和介詞或副詞、名詞和介詞、形容詞和介詞，典型句子結構的搭配3. 常

2、用語法。 時態(tài)和語態(tài)、從句連詞。4. 根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系確定選項型三、完形填空的解題步驟1、通讀全文，領會大意（23分鐘） 2、逐句閱讀，選出答案 （67分鐘）3.猜測難點、整體復查（23分鐘）1跳過空格、通讀全文、把握大意。先跳過空格，通讀試題所給的要完形填空的短文，獲得整體印象，做到弄清文脈、抓住主旨，較好地把握短文大意。要在閱讀理解短文意思的基礎上才開始判定選擇，切忌倉促下筆。2結合選項、綜合考慮、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基礎上，再結合所給備選項細讀全文，聯(lián)系上、下文內容，注意從上、下文的語法結構和詞語搭配及從選擇項中尋找解題的提示，以詞、句的意義為先，再從分析句子結構入手，根據(jù)短文

3、意思、語法規(guī)則、詞語固定搭配等進行綜合考慮，對備選項逐一進行分析、比較和篩選，排除干擾項、初步選定答案。 3瞻前顧后、先易后難、各個擊破。動筆時要瞻前顧后、通篇考慮、先易后難。對比較明顯直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能確定答案的，先跳過這一空格，繼續(xù)往下做，最后回過頭來再集中精力解決難點。這時可結合已確定答案的選項再讀一遍短文，隨著對短文理解的深入，可以降低試題的難度，提高選擇的正確率。 4復讀全文、逐空驗證、彌補疏漏。完成各道題選擇后，把所選的答案代入原文，再把全文通讀一篇，逐空認真復查?？此x定的答案是否使短文意思前后連貫、順理成章，語法結構是否正確，是否符合習慣表達法。如發(fā)現(xiàn)錯

4、誤答案或有疑問的，應再次推敲、反復斟酌、做出修正。 四、做完形填空選擇題時應注意如下幾點： 1完形填空的短文通常沒有標題且文章的首句和尾句，一般不設空，要特別注重對首、尾句的理解，因為它們往往提示或點明文章的主題，對理解全文有較大幫助。 2第一遍通讀帶有空缺單詞的短文時可能一時把握不住短文內容，弄不清頭緒，這是很正常的。此時要注意克服畏難情緒和急躁心理，應穩(wěn)定情緒，再將短文讀一、二遍，直到明確大意為止。 3做題時切勿一看到一個空格就急著選出一個答案，這樣往往只見樹木不見樹林。由于缺乏全局觀念，極易導致連續(xù)選錯。因為完形填空不同于單個句子的選詞填空，其空白處是位于一篇文章之中，因此必須縱觀全文、

5、通篇考慮。 4每篇完形填空所設的空多以實詞為主，所提供的四個備選項中只有一個是正確的，其它三項均為干擾項。而干擾項也多半與前、后的句子或詞組可以形成某種搭配，即如單從語法角度判斷則無法確定，還必須從語篇意義上加以鑒別。 5動筆時先易后難，先完成容易、有把握的答案，這樣可以增強自信心，然后再集中精力解決難點。對于實在無法確定的，可以從文中同樣結構或類似結構中尋找提示，大膽地作出猜測。 在不能確定答案的情況下，要憑語感和第一感覺。一經(jīng)確定的答案不要輕易改動6. 結合生活常識和中西方文化及上下文選出最佳答案。總之，做完形填空題，了其大意，先易后難，瞻前顧后，通過直接暗示、間接暗示，前、后暗示，層次、

6、段落暗示，邏輯、推斷暗示做題是非常關鍵的。當然，更重要的是擴大閱讀面，增加閱讀量，積累語言經(jīng)驗，培養(yǎng)語感能力。望大家反復認真閱讀，對提高解答完形填空的能力大有裨益。例題分析 1Last Sunday I saw the worst storm in years. At first, the sky grew 1 all of a sudden. Within minutes, forks of lightening forced a way in the sky. Then it was 2 by the boom-boom-boom of 3 .A very strong wind blew

7、 into my room. My valuable notes 4 high into the air. I jumped up to 5 them but unluckily a few sheets 6 out of the open window. As I ran out to get the notes, big drops of rain begin to 7 .As soon as I ran into the house, the 8 begin to pour in waves. I 9 to close the windows. I did it but was wet

8、all over. Then I heard a sudden loud 10 from the back of the house. A tree was broken. 1. A. bright B. grey C. blue D. dark2. A. followed B. caused C. made D. brought3. A. rain B thunder C. wind D. storm4. A. threw B. jumped C. flew D. rose5. A. take B. catch C.draw D. stop6. A. moved B. came C. ran

9、 D. sailed 7. A. fall B. rain C. drop D. burst8. A. storm B. water C. wind D. rain9. A. walked B. fought C. went D. got10. A. explosion B. scream C. voice D. sound 解題步驟： 第一步：通讀全文，領會大意 此篇文章主要講述作者在上星期天經(jīng)歷了一場暴風雨的故事，是一篇記敘文 第二步：逐句閱讀，選出答案。1. 選D. 首句沒有設空，給我們提供了很多的信息，根據(jù)首句可以排除 A.C.剩下B和D。B的意思灰白色的。D 是暗黑色的。根據(jù)stor

10、m發(fā)生時的天氣變化和生活常識2. 選A. 3. 選B. 第2題和第3題要結合在一起看，因為這是一個完整的句子。從上一句中知道閃電過后，再根據(jù)boom這個象聲詞，可以先確定第3題應該是thunder。Then it was 2 by the boom-boom-boom of thunder.此處的it 指代的是lightening。BCD答案中 閃電不可以是由thunder引起和制造的。所以應該是閃電后緊接著是thunder。第4題 選C。通過上句中的a very strong wind. Notes 稿件、資料是較輕的，所以是飛起來into the air。第5題 選B 第6題 選D 因為n

11、otes是valuable.所以作者跳起來去抓（catch）,但是unluckily資料飄出了窗外。A. moved 是在地面移動或搬遷 B. came C. ran notes 都不可發(fā)出這兩個動作。 D sailed 航行、漂浮第7題 選A 根據(jù)big drops of rain 開始落下來了（fall）第8題 選D 根據(jù) 第7題 我一回到房間，雨begin to pour in waves. Waves形容雨下得更大了第9題 選B A. walked 走去 C. went to close 我過去關 D. got to close 沒有此搭配。雖然A.C.結構都正確，但是由于前文雨下得很

12、大如波浪般，風也很strong。所以此處聯(lián)系上下文，I did it but was wet all over。所以作者應該是fight to close。掙扎著去關，用此詞比較形象。第10題 選D B.C 的兩種聲音都是人發(fā)出的，根據(jù)A tree was broken. 也不可能是爆炸。 第三步 猜測難點、整體復查。 此篇文章中較難選的題有6 和9題 ，在第二步不能確定答案的情況下，可以在第三步完成?？键c總結1. 此篇文章基本屬于同義、近義詞辨析型。以名詞和動詞較多。2 上下文中有很多信息詞和提示，所以也屬于根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系確定選項型3. 做題中要結合生活常識。例題分析 2完形填空（共2

13、0小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、和）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch, I 21 a note. Often written on a napkin (餐巾), it might be a thank-you for a 22 moment, a reminder of something we were happily expectin

14、g, or a bit of 23 for the coming test or sporting event.In early grade school they 24 their notes. But as children grow older they becomes self-conscious(有自我意識的), and 25 he reached high school, my older son, Marc, informed me he no longer 26 my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to 27

15、 them but I still needed to write them, I 28 until the day he graduated.Six years after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could move 29 for a couple of months. He had spent those years well, graduating from college, 30 two internship (實習) in Washington, D.C., and 31 , becoming a te

16、chnical assistant in Sacramento, 32 short vacation visits, however, he had lived away from home. With his younger sister leaving for college, I was 33 happy to have Marc back. Since I was 34 making lunch for his younger brother, I 35 one for Marc, too. Imagine my 36 when I got a call from my 24-yere

17、-old son, 37 his lunch.“Did I do something 38 ? Dont you love me 39 ,Mom?” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I 40 asked him what was wrong. “My note, Mom,” he answered. “Wheres my note?”21. A. carried B. found C. included D. held22. A. difficult B. special C. comfortable D. separate

18、23. A. congratulation B. improvement C. explanation D. encouragement24. A. loved B. answered C. wrote D. examined25. A. lately B. by the way C. by the time D. gradually26. A. received B. understood C. enjoyed D. collected27. A. copy B. read C. take D. send28. A. held up B. gave up C. followed D. con

19、tinued29. A. out B. home C. to college D. to Sacramento30. A. organizing B. planning C. comparing D. completing31. A. hopefully B. finally C. particularly D. certainly32. A. Because of B. Instead of C. Except for D. As for33. A. especially B. immediately C. equally D. generally34. A. once B. again C

20、. still D. even35. A. packed B. fetched C. bought D. filled36. A. fear B. surprise C. anger D. disappointment37. A. waiting for B. worrying about C. caring for D. asking about38. A. wrong B. funny C. strange D. smart39. A. any more B. enough C. once more D. better40. A. interestingly B. bitterly C.

21、politely D. laughingly答案解析：21. 此題可用排除法，紙條是I放在午飯中的，B、D顯然不對，A項carry這個詞是攜帶的意思，與題意也不合，include除包括以外，還有放入，算進去的意思，合題意。22. 此題要結合前面a thank-you for，既是感謝的時刻，應用special特別的才對。23. 與上題一樣，要結合空后面的意思選擇，為要舉行的考試或體育比賽寫的話，該是鼓勵的。2426. 可由上下文的意思分析選出。27. 母親寫條，孩子讀。29. 可由下文提到的我從最小的孩子走了以后，尤其希望大兒子回來推斷出大兒子是想回家住幾個月。30. 這些是做完了的事，所以用

22、completing. 31. 完成學業(yè)，經(jīng)過實習以后，他終于成了技術助手，用finally符合語境。32. except for除了，as for至于；孩子住得遠，只是除去短短的假期回家拜訪。34. 做以前一直在做的事，still仍舊。36. surprise前文提到過大兒子在上大學的時候說過不需要母親的紙條了，所以，對于現(xiàn)在大兒子對見不到紙條的失望，母親感到的是驚奇。38、39. 兒子見不到母親的紙條，很失望，所以打電話問是不是自己做得不好了。40. 可用排除法，laughingly笑著，符合當時母親對兒子的態(tài)度。例題分析3文章的題目Surfing：It's Not Just fo

23、r Boys Anymore明顯地告訴我們，本文是關于女孩子對沖浪運動的看法，而且提出了一個很鮮明的觀點：沖浪運動并不再是男孩子的專利！女孩子也能做，而且會有所成就。Surfing: It's Not Just for Boys Anymore If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would _1_: surfing（沖浪

24、運動）. But isn't that a boy thing? Some people _2_. Most certainly not. I started surfing about five years ago and_3_in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first _4_ was the best feeling I had ever experienced. When I try to _5_ surfing with other things, I find it very difficul

25、t because, in my _6_, there's nothing like it. It involves（牽涉到）body, _7_, and soul. There's sand between my toes and cool, salt water all _8_ us. The feeling I get when I'm surfing across that _9_, becoming one with the_10_, is like I'm weightless.1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. real

26、ize2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe3. A. stayedB. came C. dropped D. fell4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time8. A. along B. above C. around D. by9. A. beach B. water C. bo

27、ard D. lake10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean解題分析：1. B前后照應邏輯推理詞義比較:如果你詢問高中的女生們她們最喜歡的體育運動的名字，她們不是告訴（tell），給予（give），意識到（realize），而是回答（answer）你詢問的問題。2. A常識運用邏輯推理詞義比較:先看語境：前一句的意思是"但是它難道不是男孩子的事情嗎?（意思是：這是男孩子的事情。）"；后一句的意思是"大多數(shù)人當然不"，由社會的實際情況和這兩句的意思可以判斷出，只是有一部分人（不太多）對此問題（前一句）不理解（unders

28、tand），不相信（believe），不能作出回答（reply），而納悶、驚奇（wonder），持懷疑態(tài)度，而大多數(shù)人卻肯定地認為：沖浪運動是男孩子的事情。3. D固定搭配：fallbe in love with愛上，是固定結構，其它選項沒有這種搭配形式。4. A常識運用：因為文章是在談論沖浪運動，沖上第一個浪（wave）去是我經(jīng)歷過的最佳感受，而不是暴風雨（storm）、航海（sail）或船（boat）。5. C固定搭配詞義比較：作者想把沖浪運動和其他運動進行比較（compare）。connect with連接，聯(lián)絡，將連起來；compare with與比較；tie up with和聯(lián)系一起

29、；bring帶來，引起，通常不與with連用。6. D邏輯推理常識運用：作者把沖浪運動當作了它的生活（life）的組成部分，她不僅僅只是在假期（holiday）里沖浪，當然工作（work）和學習（study）也不能耽誤。in my life是"在我的生活中"。7. A常識運用詞義比較：沖浪運動涉及到身體，智力、智慧（mind）和心靈、精神諸方面，這三個方面共同組成人的身心發(fā)展因素。8. C常識運用邏輯推理：在海洋里進行沖浪運動，身體的沿線（along），上面（above），旁邊（by），而且身體的四周（around）都是涼爽的咸水。9. B常識運用邏輯推理：沖浪運動可能要經(jīng)

30、過沙灘（beach），有可能是在湖（lake）里，但它主要還是腳踏沖浪板（board）在水（water）面上進行。10. D常識運用邏輯推理：沖浪運動是在大海、大洋中進行的，就有和海洋（ocean）融為一體的感覺。例題分析4 The one thing I can _1_ from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge（挑戰(zhàn)）. You can never be the "best suffer" because the ocean _2_ an uncountable variety of waves t

31、hat nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive（活躍有力的）and _3_. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it _4_ from any other sport. I've _5_ to tell every girl I know to do something that people

32、don't think girls can do. It's part of being human to advance to new _6_, so shouldn't it be expected that girls should step up and start _7_ the limits of things boys and men used to dominate（主宰）? There're women _8_ side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by

33、side with the boys _9_ the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to _10_, and they will.1. A. take B. get C. make D. keep2. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects3. A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm4. A. known B. right C. far D. different5. A. chosen B. tried C. learne

34、d D. promised6. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts7. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting8. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working9. A. of B. from C. on D. with10. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel 參考答案1. B：作者不是從其他運動，而是從沖浪運動中獲得（get）了無止境的挑戰(zhàn)的體會。再則，前文The feeling I get when I'

35、;m surfing across that water，becoming one with the ocean也有暗示。take from減少，降低；get from從得到；make from由制造； keep from阻止，隱瞞，抑制。2. C你永遠也不會是最好的沖浪手，因為大洋呈現(xiàn)、提供（offer）的是任何人都控制不了的、數(shù)不盡的、各種各樣的海浪。catch抓住，捕獲；include包括，包含；offer提供；collect收集，聚集。3. A有些沖浪手自由自在、嫻熟流暢，有些沖浪手則活躍有力、生機勃勃。注意這兩個句子的并列關系，應該特別注意free 和 flowing之間詞義的順承和

36、協(xié)調"自由而流暢"，后句的aggressive and_3_也應該是這樣一種意義聯(lián)系，故選擇A，sharp可以表示"精明敏捷的，迅速活潑，有力有為"意思，其它三項在意義上與aggressive的順承和協(xié)調相距甚遠。4. D所有的這些都在吸引著我去沖浪，并使之不同于（different）其他運動。注意此段第一句The one thing I can get from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge.也有所暗示。（be）different from和不同。（be）far from遠離，

37、遠非；known和right通常不與from搭配。 5. B我盡力（try）地勸我所認識的每一個女孩去做人們認為女孩不能做的事情。choose選擇、挑選；try試圖、努力；learn學習；promise答應、許諾。6. A朝著新的水平（level）不斷前進是人類活動的組成部分。level水平，水準，標準，級別；point 點，尖端；step步調，步伐，步驟，措施；part 部分，局部。7. C所以女孩子們難道不應當拾級而上，開始沖破（push）男人們過去主宰的事物的極限嗎？reach到達，伸出；accept 接受，認可；push突出，突破攻擊；set 放置，樹立，調整。8. D在我們國家有女性

38、和總統(tǒng)不僅僅一起坐（sit），步行（walk），戰(zhàn)斗（fight），而且并肩工作（work）著。同時注意句子的一般現(xiàn)在時意義特征，表示經(jīng)常性的行為。9. C所以為什么女孩子不能夠肩并肩地與男孩子一起踢足球，外出一起沖浪呢？介詞on表示"在供職"、"（是）的成員"，on the football team的意思是"是/成為足球隊隊員"。10. B給女孩子一個獲得成功（succeed）的機會，讓她們思考（think），感覺（feel）表演（perform），她們就都會有所成就。例題分析5A Strange Greeting, a True

39、 Feeling Last week I was invited to a doctors meeting at the Ruth hospital for incurables. In one of the wards a patient, an old man, got up shakily from his bed and moved towards me. I could see that he hadn't long to  1   , but he came up to me and placed his right foot clo

40、se mine on the floor. “Frank！” I cried in astonishment. He couldnt  2 , as I knew, but all the time  3  his foot against mine.My  4  raced back more than thirty years to the  5  days of 1941, when I was a student in London. The  6  was an air-raid shelter

41、, in which I and about hundred other people slept every night. Two of the regulars were Mrs. West and her son Frank.      7  wartime problems, we shelter-dwellers got to  8  each other very well. Frank West  9  me because he wasnt  10 , not even at b

42、irth. His mother told me he was 37 then, but he had  11   of a mind than a baby has. His “ 12 ” consisted of rough soundssounds of pleasure or anger and  13   more. Mrs. West, then about 75, was a strong, capable woman, as she had to be, of course, because Frank  14

43、60; on her entirely. He needed all the  15  of a baby.One night a policeman came and told Mrs. West that her house had been flattened by a 500-pounder. She  16   nearly everything she owned.When that sort of thing happened, the rest of us helped the  17   ones. So befor

44、e we  18  that morning, I stood beside Frank and  19  my right foot against his. They were about the same size. That night, then, I took a pair of shoes to the shelter for frank. But as soon as he saw me he came running and placed his right foot against mine. After that, his 

45、; 20  to me was always the same. 1Awork     Bstay Clive   Dexpect2Aanswer   Bspeak Csmile   Dlaugh3Acovering  Bmoving Cfighting  Dpressing4Aminds  Bmemories Cthoughts Dbrains5Abetter    Bdark Cyounger   &#

46、160;  Dold6Acave      Bplace Csight    Dscene7ADiscussing      BSolving CSharing      DSuffering8Alearn from     Btalk to Chelp        Dknow9Aneeded   Brecogniz

47、ed Cinterested     Dencouraged10Anormal      Bcommon Cunusual     Dquick11Amore       Bworse Cfewer   Dless12Aword      Bspeech Csentence      Dlanguage13Anot  

48、     Bno Csomething     Dnothing14Afed       Bkept Clived    Ddepended15Aattention    Bcontrol Ctreatment      Dmanagement16Alost       Bneeded Cdestroyed  

49、0;   Dleft17Atroublesome   Bunlucky Cangry   Dunpopular18Aseparated     Bwent Creunited      Dreturned19Apushed     Btried Cshowed      Dmeasured20Anodding       Bgreeting Cmeeting

50、       Dacting參考答案及解析   15 CADBB 610 DCDCA 1115 DBBDA 1620 ABADB1C  上文的“incurables"表明這位老人是不治之癥患者，存活的時間不會太長。2A 我叫他名字, 他不會回答。3D  由下文暗示可知，37歲的Frank不如一個嬰兒的智力。他不能用語言回答別人的問話，但內心有一定的反應，因此一見到我便將右腳靠著我的右腳以示問候。4B  Frank的這一舉動使我的記憶一下子回到了30年前。5 B  下

51、文交待30年前作者的生活，二戰(zhàn)期間他只能住在防空洞中，生活很苦，只能用“dark”來形容當年的歲月。6D  作者回憶30年前的生活，頭腦中出現(xiàn)了防空洞的情景。7C ；8D  在戰(zhàn)爭問題上由于擁有共同的話題，我們這些防空洞居住者逐漸了解了對方。9C ；10 A  一個37歲的人智力卻不正常，這一現(xiàn)象逐漸吸引了我的注意。11D  盡管Frank已經(jīng)37歲，但智力還不如一個嬰兒。12B；13B  他的講話僅體現(xiàn)了內心的快樂和憤怒，沒有更多實在的內容。14D；15A  West夫人不得不強壯而又有能力，因為Frank完全依靠于她，他需要嬰兒似

52、的全部照料。16 A  她幾乎失去了一切。17 B  West夫人遭受這么大的損失，大家盡力幫助這不幸的一家人。18 A  ；  19 D ；20 B  那天早上臨走前，我站在Frank身邊，將我的右腳靠著Frank 的右腳以便量出他腳的大小，目的是為他買一雙鞋子。Frank將我的這一動作看成是問候的表現(xiàn)，從此他就用這一動作來問候我，這就有了本文開頭的那種情景。例題分析6A newly trained teacher named Mary went to teach at a Navajo Indian reservation. Ev

53、ery day, she would ask five of the young Navajo students to _1_ the chalkboard and complete a simple math problem from 2 homework.They would stand there, silently, 3 to complete the task. Mary couldnt figure it out. 4 she had studied in her educational curriculum helped, and she 5 hadnt seen anythin

54、g like it in her student-teaching days back in Phoenix. What am I doing wrong? Could I have chosen five students who cant do the 6 ? Mary would wonder. No, 7 couldnt be that. Finally she 8 the students what was wrong. And in their answers, she learned a 9 lesson from her young 10 pupils about self-image and a(n) 11 of self-worth.It seemed that the students 12 each others individuality and knew that 13 of them were capabl