法律英語詞匯集(共23頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上薄2010法律英語詞匯集JW莀一、案例本袀G.E. vs Siempelkamp莆Standard-form purchase order 節(jié)Order comfirmation蒀Initiale芀Forum selection肈Choice of law clause 法律適用條款蒞Place of jurisdiction蒀Principal place of business蕆Summary procedures薆Bills of exchange膄Promissory notes薀Cheques袈File suit at羋Submit a Counteroff

2、er袃A binding contract羃Bargained-for form 艿Overreaching蚆Judicial notice羆Filanto v.s. Chilewich肅Memorandum Agreement蝕A letter of credit莈Arbitration agreement蚅Arbitration clause肅Balance of contract肁A rejection of the order袆Bound by the written terms of蒄The development of international sales law膃egal in

3、struments 法律文書膈Maritime trade 海商薈Enact 頒布；制定芃Codify 編纂芃Law Merchant： 商人法；商業(yè)習(xí)慣法蕿Commercial Law： 貿(mào)易法；商業(yè)法規(guī)肅Business Law：商業(yè)法芆Modern sales law in the United States: the UCC and CISG莃Uniform Commercial Code-UCC罿Adopt/ adoption 正式通過螇Bank deposit 銀行存款肄Secured transaction 擔(dān)保交易蒃State legislatures 州立法機(jī)構(gòu)莀Americ

4、an law institute 美國法學(xué)會膅Conflicts of law 法律沖突螃Resort to 訴諸于薃Applicable law 準(zhǔn)據(jù)法薇Choice of law clause 法律適用條款羇Choice of law 沖突法中決定法律適用薂Federal courts of the United States 聯(lián)邦法院螞Development of the CISG羈Legal code 法典蒞Legal system 法律制度；法系薅Contract law in the developing countries螞Multinational corporations 跨

5、國公司荿Unconscionable contract 不公正合同肇bargaining power 議價能力莄Contract law In socialist countries螂Private enterprise私營企業(yè)螀Contract law in the PRC: an illustration薅Repeal撤銷膃Joint venture 合資企業(yè)袂Breach of contract 違約膁Accounting regulations 會計規(guī)章芇Quasi-criminal prosecution 準(zhǔn)刑事起訴膆Leasing contracts租賃合同羂Warehousing

6、 contracts倉儲合同羋The 1999 contract law of China 99年合同法羈United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods-CISG羄UN Commission on International Trade Law-UNCITRAL 聯(lián)合國國際貿(mào)易法委員會肂Applicable可適用 applicability可適用性蚈General provisions 總則蒆Applicability of the CISG to international transact

7、ions螃Place of business requirement 營業(yè)地 膂Opt out 退出，排除聿preemption 優(yōu)先權(quán)preemptive Preempt膈asante technologies vs pmc蒂construe 文義解釋節(jié)remand 發(fā)回重審蒀international treaty 國際條約薆representation 陳述薅breach of representation 違背合同中的陳述芁adopt adoption 正式通過薇Uniform Commercial Code 美國統(tǒng)一商法典莈Congressional intent 國會立法意圖芄Co

8、ncurrent jurisdiction 共同管轄權(quán)莁Litigation 訴訟肈Contracting state 締約國螆Effectuate 使生效肅Sales excluded from the CISG蒁Liability for death or personal injury 人身傷亡責(zé)任葿Securities證券蒈Negotiable instruments 流通票據(jù)肆Consumer protection laws 消費者保護(hù)法薁Exclude exclusion排除適用袀Validity and formation of international sales contr

9、acts羆Valid contract 有效合同裊Mutual assent 合意蟻Sufficient consideration 充分對價芁Legal capacity行為能力蚇Void contract無效合同蚃Misrepresentation錯誤陳述螁enforcement of illegal contracts莇legality 合法性膅tarbert vs cometals莂United States District Court地區(qū)法院袁United States Court of Appeals上訴法院螈Supreme Court of the United States最

10、高法院袇Certificate of origin 原產(chǎn)地證明膁Chamber of Commerce 商會蚇European Economic Community EEC 歐共體裊Sue 控告，起訴肁Enforceable unenforceable 可執(zhí)行羀Fraud 欺詐螆Physical location 實際地點芆Tortious act 侵權(quán)行為螃Illegality 非法行為，違法性蠆Bona fide善意的螆Dismiss dismissal駁回蚇Complaint counterclaim 起訴 反訴膁Fraudulent certificate of origin 欺詐的原

11、產(chǎn)地證書螂Contrary to public policy 違反國家政策袆Iniquity 不公正行為襖Supersede 取代羃Enforcement of the agreement 執(zhí)行蒁The writing requirement 書面要求羆Enactment by state legislatures州立法芅Flexible flexibility靈活性蚄Legally binding 受法律約束芀Ambiguous ambiguity模糊性肆The parol evidence rule口頭證言原則蚅Extrinsic evidence外部證據(jù)肂Contradicted by

12、抵觸肈Relevant circumstances 相關(guān)現(xiàn)象膆Digital signatures in electronic commerce電子簽名肆Valid validity有效性螄Problems of interpretation肁Order form訂貨單芆Subjective intent主觀意圖膃Customs, practices and trade usages節(jié)Trade usages商業(yè)慣例袀Mercantile practices商業(yè)實踐蒞Reimbursement 補(bǔ)償 reimburse unreimbursed薄Trade usages under the C

13、ISG羄Entering the agreement: the offer蠆The intention to be bound 訂約意向蠆Exclusion clause免責(zé)條款羅Expressly implicitly/impliedly 蒂Public offers公開報價螞Invitation to deal要約邀請蝿Price list價目單莆Open price terms開放價格條款膄Government-established price政府指導(dǎo)價蒁Firm offers確定的要約衿Revoke revocable irrevocable revocation撤銷螇Enterin

14、g the agreement: the acceptance薂Manifestation of the intention 意思表示膀Initial草擬罿Silence as acceptance 默示承諾羄Time of acceptance莃Expire expiration終止罿Terminate termination終止聿Time constraints時間限制莄Dispatch of an acceptance 承諾的發(fā)出螁Chateau vs sabate羈Sole jurisdiction專屬管轄聿Verbal contract口頭合同螅Reversed and remand

15、ed 撤銷原判發(fā)還重審蒃Written confirmation 書面確認(rèn)螀The mirror image rule鏡像原則腿The manner of offer and acceptance: buyers and sellers forms膆The pro forma invoice 形式發(fā)票羈Contract terms and conditions and the battle of the forms蕿Trade associations行業(yè)協(xié)會艿Place liability on 使負(fù)責(zé)芃Terms and conditions合同條款蚃Standard clause 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條

16、款羋Quoted price報價莈General conditions of sale 購買條款蚄Terms of payment付款方式肁Force majeure不可抗力莁Warranties 擔(dān)保蒈Breach of warranty 違反擔(dān)保肅Business day營業(yè)日袃Limitation of liability責(zé)任范圍肀Governing law準(zhǔn)據(jù)法薈Consequential damages間接損害賠償蒆Incidental damages 附帶損害賠償芁Special damages專項損害賠償衿Grace period寬限期蚈Battle of the forms格式

17、之爭袇Purchase order訂單羂Affirmative response肯定回復(fù)袂Recourse 追索權(quán)蚈General Court of Justice常設(shè)法院羃The battle of the forms under the Common Law and Civil Law螄The battle of the forms and mirror image rule under UCC蝕Materially alter material alteration實質(zhì)性改變螈Express limitation明確限制莄Constitute a rejection of 拒絕 cons

18、titute a fundamental breach膂Settlement of disputes爭端解決葿The validity of standard contract terms:a comparison袈Standard terms 格式條款螅Valid invalid validity 有效性襖Late payment fee 滯納金羋Interest penalty罰息羈Express and implied warranties 明示和默示條款膆Merchantable merchantability商銷性莂Nonconforming goods不合格商品芁Judicial

19、interpretation司法解釋肇Fungible goods可替代商品莃Disclaim disclaimer拒絕適用；免責(zé)條款肄Merchantable unmerchantable merchantability merchantability商銷性肀Rights and liabilities 權(quán)責(zé)膇Disclaiming implied warranties 排除適用默示條款螄Schmitz vs rockland蒂Burden of proof舉證責(zé)任蝿Warrant warranty 擔(dān)保芇Misplace 錯位膅Notice of nonconforming goods 不

20、合格貨物通知芄Nonconformity conformity conform conforming nonconforming 不合格袂Assert the breach against 主張違約芇Remedy for breach of contract薆Avoidance of the contract解除合同蟻Price reduction減價薁Specific performance實際履行莇Avoidance and the fundamental breach羇Revocation of acceptance 撤回承諾莃Perfect tender完美看管人荿Fundamenta

21、l breach 根本性違約 commit a fundamental breach蕆Minor nonconformity瑕疵 ；substantial nonconformity嚴(yán)重缺陷肅Avoidance rights 解除合同權(quán)袁Buyers right to avoidance膈MMI vs IMS薇Exclusive licensing agreement 獨家許可專屬協(xié)議蒄Deny responsibility 否認(rèn)責(zé)任薃Arbitration arbitrator 仲裁 仲裁員膁Arbitration panel 仲裁委員會蚇Place of business 營業(yè)地裊Exce

22、ed authority 越權(quán)肁Notice of avoidance羀Full performance全部履行螆Defective performance有瑕疵的履行芆Specific relief特定救濟(jì)螃Substitutionary relief 替代性救濟(jì)蠆Delayed performance 延遲履行螆Sellers right to remedy 蚇Unreasonable inconvenience 不合理的不便膁Unreasonable delay 不合理遲延螂Right of rejection 拒收權(quán)袆Sellers additional time to perform

23、 襖Repudiate 否認(rèn)羃Price reduction蒁Contract specifications合約規(guī)格羆Withhold保留芅Money damages蚄Breaching party 違約方芀Injured party 受損方肆Substitute goods 替代貨物蚅Right of discretion 自由裁量權(quán)肂resort to legal action 訴諸法律途徑肈the mailbox rule膆the rule of the receipt of the letter of the acceptance 肆Delchi vs Rotorex螄Mitigate

24、 damages 減輕損失肁Reasonably foreseeable 可合理預(yù)見芆Handling and storage 處理和儲藏膃Compensatory damages 補(bǔ)償性賠償 consequential damages 間接損害賠償節(jié)Award v判決賠償 n判決 裁定 (損失賠償金等的)裁定額袀Award compensatory damages for蒞Deny claim for damages 駁回要求賠償?shù)闹鲝埍ncidentals 雜費羄Double recovery重復(fù)補(bǔ)償蠆Recoverable incidental expenses 可予以補(bǔ)償?shù)碾s項費用蠆

25、Remand to the district court駁回至地區(qū)法院羅Specific Performance in common law and civil law systems蒂Specifically perform 實際履行螞Give timely notice to 及時通知 make a timely request及時要求蝿Anticipatory breach 預(yù)期違約莆Repudiate 否認(rèn)效力蟻Right to suspend performance 中止履行的權(quán)利羈Provide adequate assurance 提供充足保證莆Insolvent 喪失償付能力

26、資不抵債莄Avoidance of installment contracts 分期合同腿Excuse for nonperformance 不履行的免責(zé)螇Practicable impracticable impracticability 不切實際性蒆Escape contractual obligation 逃避義務(wù)蒁Contingency 意外 意外開支袁Impossibility of performance 履行不能蒆Objectively impossible 客觀不能薆Inability to pay 無力支付袂Frustration of purpose 合同目的落空莈Comm

27、ercial impracticability 商銷不切實際性蕿Unforeseen event不可預(yù)見事件蚆The CISG exemptions for impediments beyond control CISG對不可控制阻礙的免責(zé)芃Impediments 障礙肀Exculpatory clause 免責(zé)條款芇Force Majeure clause 不可抗力條款螆Quarantine restriction 檢疫限制蚃The CISG蒈Place of business 營業(yè)地肆Contracting States 締約國袆Investment securities 投資證券螀Neg

28、otiable instruments 流通票據(jù)膀Formation of the contract 合同訂立裊Rights and obligations 權(quán)利義務(wù)袆Validity 有效性膁Apply to 適用于蚈Liability for death or personal injury 傷亡賠償責(zé)任袈Private international law 國際私法羅Due consideration 適當(dāng)考慮薂Negotiations 談判莀Practices實際做法蚇Usages 慣例肅Subsequent conduct 事后行為肅At the conclusion of the c

29、ontract 合同簽訂時袈habitual residence 經(jīng)常居住地蒆indication of intention 意思表示膅the parties may not derogate from or vary the effect of this article. 各當(dāng)事人不得減損或改變本條之效力。蒄Make a declaration 聲明薀Sufficiently definite 足夠明確葿Invitation to make offers 要約邀請芅Withdraw withdrawal 撤回要約薁Revoke revocation 撤銷要約節(jié)Act in reliance

30、on the offer基于對要約的合理信賴羋Reasonable reliance 合理信賴蒞Terminate 終止羂Rejection 拒絕蝿Indication of assent 同意表示羆Payment 支付手段蒅Place and time of delivery 交貨地點 時間莂Extent of one partys liability 增加一方責(zé)任蒁Modifications 條款修訂螅Lapse 失效蒅Domestic law 國內(nèi)法螃Breach of conditions 違反基本條款衿First carrier 第一承運人螈Conformity of the goo

31、ds 貨物符合規(guī)定薅Third party claims 涉第三方訴訟袀Sphere of application 適用范圍薁Date for delivery 交貨日期薇Specify the nature of the lack of conformity 詳述蚄Industrial property 工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)芁Intellectual property 知識產(chǎn)權(quán)聿Determinable 可決定的莆retain any rights to claim damages 保留索償?shù)臋?quán)利螄resort to a remedy for 尋求救濟(jì)螞a sum equal to the loss 等

32、同于損失螁exemptions 豁免 exempt from荿uncontrollable unyielding unforeseeable unavoidable襖in witness whereof 以資證明肅plenipotentiary 全權(quán)代表艿denounce this Convention 退出公約膈consignment 托運羄an offer is considered sufficiently definite if it 1) describes the goods, 2)expressly or implicitly specifies the quantity, an

33、d 3) expressly or implicitly specifies the price for the goods.蒄remedies in the CISG for breach of contract:1)2) 羈Avoidance of the contract3)4) 袇Sellers right to remedy or cure5)6) 肄Sellers additional time to perform7)8) 蟻Price reduction9)10) 莈Money damages11)12) 蚅Specific performance肄Implied warran

34、ties肁Under the CISG, the seller must deliver goods that are of the quantity, quality and description required by the contract, and that1)2) 膀Are fit for the purposes for which goods of the same description would ordinarily be used.3)4) 螈Are fit for any particular purpose expressly or impliedly made

35、known to the seller at the time of the conclusion of the contract.5)6) 膄Possess the qualities of goods which the seller has held out to the buyer as a sample.7)8) 蒂Are contained in the manner adequate to preserve and protect the goods.薈What does the CISG govern?蕆Only govern芄(1) Formation袃(2) Rights

36、and obligations of the buyer and seller芀(3)The form of contract芆Three basic elements to make a valid acceptance莃 (1) offeree (2) through a statement or other conduct (3) indication of assent to the offer芄Function of parol evidence:螈 A. To clarify an ambiguity艿 B. To prove additional terms of the agr

37、eement蒃What are the basic elements to make an effective offer?莁1.a proposal communicated to the offeree蒀2.the sufficiently definite, specific or detailed proposal 肈3. the intention of offeror to be bound in case of acceptance薃Silence can be an acceptance (1) when the parties have made such agreement

38、s or (2) when the offeree has had prior dealings with the offeror.螂In a sale the seller is the party to provide goods. What the seller should do is :膂 (1) to deliver the goods袇 (2) to hand over any documents relating to the goods蚃 (3) to transfer the property in the goods膃The CISG is in favor of the

39、 concerns of developing countries as to this point. Under the CISG,-Art. 38/39蝕 (1) the buyer examines the goods within as short a period as is practicable after they are received; 薆 (2) the buyer should give notice of a nonconformity or defect in the goods within a reasonable time unless some reaso

40、nable excuse prevents doing so; 蚃 (3) notice must be given within two years from the date on which the goods were handed over to the buyer;薄(4) if the buyer fails to give proper notice, the buyer loses the right to assert the breach against the seller. 莁What are the buyers remedies for the sellers b

41、reach?蚈1. Nonperformance螃(1) The buyer may avoid the contract and claim damages.螀(2) The buyer may ask for specific performance. 蝿(3) The buyer may cover and claim damages.莇Delayed performance袃(1)The buyer may give a grace period.膁(2) Although a grace period is given, the seller does not perform wit

42、hin this period. Then the breach is fundamental, the buyer may avoid the contract and claim damages.薁. Defective performance膆(1) The buyer may reject the non-conforming goods and ask the seller to deliver conforming goods.芇(2) The buyer may ask the seller to repair the non-conformity of goods.薂(3) T

43、he buyer may reduce the price. 罿(4) If the former three remedies are not available, the buyer may avoid contract and claim damages. 腿What are the sellers remedies for the buyers breach?芆1.The seller may grant the buyer a grace period 羃2.The seller may ask for specific performance, e.g., make payment

44、.蟻3.The seller may avoid contract and claim damages.羈 (1) The seller may resell the goods and claim the difference between the contract price and the selling price if the buyer does not take the delivery.莆 (2) If no resell, the seller may avoid contract and claim damages directly.   莄a fun

45、damental breach as one that will substantially deprive one party of what he is entitled to expect under the contract.腿How may a buyer avoid the contract if the seller commits a fundamental breach?-Art. 49螇 cancel/ notify/ protect/ return蒆The “date for delivery” under the contract is the date the sel

46、ler hands the goods over directly to the first carrier unless the parties specify otherwise.蒁Where is the place of delivery if the contract of sale involves carriage of the goods?袁 The seller exercises his obligation to delivery while handling the goods over to the first carrier for transmission to

47、the buyer. 蒆If the contract of sale involves carriage of the goods, when does the risk pass from the seller to the buyer? 薆 The risk passes to the buyer when the goods are handed over to the first carrier for transmission to the buyer in accordance with the contract of sale. (Art. 67)袂Sellers right

48、to remedy within the time for performance (prior to the delivery date)莈Specific performance may be granted only if all of the following conditions are met: (Art. 46)蕿a. The buyer had not resorted to another remedy;蚆b. The seller has made non-delivery or delivered seriously nonconforming goods;芃c. Th

49、e buyer gave timely notice to the seller that the goods were nonconforming;肀d. The buyer had made a timely request that the seller provide substitute goods.芇Initiale 草簽螆F(tuán)orum selection 管轄選擇蚃Summary procedures 即決程序 簡易程序蒈Summary judgement 即決裁判肆Bills of exchange 匯票 promissory notes 本票 cheques 支票袆Subsid

50、iary 子公司螀Binding contract 有約束力的合同膀Memorandum agreement 協(xié)議備忘裊Objective 訴求袆Claim 訴由膁Contracting States 締約國蚈Concurrent jurisdiction 共同管轄權(quán)袈Exclusive jurisdiction 專屬管轄權(quán)羅Remand back 發(fā)回重審薂Federal Preemption 聯(lián)邦先占權(quán)莀CISG不適用的情形：蚇This Convention does not apply to sales:a)b) 肅Of goods bought for personal, family or household use, unless the seller, at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract,