虛擬語氣導學案及答案(共6頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上M6 U3 Grammar Unreal conditionals 虛擬語氣【 學習目標】Students are expected to learn when to use Unreal conditionals and how to use Unreal conditionals. 【知識準備】中的語氣分為陳述語氣、虛擬語氣三類。虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想，而不表示客觀存在的事實，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。虛擬語氣通過謂語動詞的特殊形式來表示。條件狀語從句分類條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條件句，一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的

2、是假設(shè)或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語氣。 eg： 1. If he doesnt hurry up,he will miss the bus.2.If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories. 3.If I were you,I would go at once. 4.If there were no air,people would die.以上四句中 和 是真實語氣 ； 和 是虛擬語氣【自主探究】一、狀語從句中的虛擬語氣(一) if 引導的條件狀語從句1 If I had time, I would attend the meeting.2

3、. If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.4. If he had come earlier, he wouldnt have missed the first bus.5 If the headmaster came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.6 If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports me

4、eting would be put off.7 If he should make a mistake, you should not blame him.與現(xiàn)在事實相反 與過去事實相反 與將來事實相反 感悟：與現(xiàn)在事實相反1. If I were a doctor, I might save her life without hesitation.2. If I stayed at home now, I could play computer games. 總結(jié)形式： 時態(tài) if條件從句主 句與現(xiàn)在事實相反動詞用過去式 be (were) Would /could/should /mig

5、ht +動詞原形練一練： If I were _ If I had time , _譯一譯: 1.要是他現(xiàn)在在這兒，我們就會問他關(guān)于這件事。 If he were here now , we would ask him about it . 2.即使她現(xiàn)在在這兒，她也不能解決這個問題。 Even though she were/was here , she couldnt solve the problem.感悟：與過去事實相反1. If I had earned a lot of money last year, I would have bought a car.2. If the ear

6、thquake hadnt happened in Wen chuan in 2008, many people wouldnt have lost families. 總結(jié)形式： 時態(tài) if 條件從 句主句 與過去事實相反 動詞用過去完成式 would /could/should /might(not) +have done 練一練：1. If the farmer hadnt seen the snake, he _ (not put) it in the arms. 2. If he _ (not put) it in the arms, the snake wouldnt have b

7、itten him.3. If the snake _ (not bite) him, he_ (not die). 4.If my lawyer _(not be here ) last Saturday , he _(prevent ) me from going . 4如果我好好學習_如果昨天我聽你的建議， _如果我更小心地開車， _如果上個月沒下雨， _感悟：與將來事實相反1. In the future, if I had 10,000,000 yuan, I would buy a house. 2. If the water in the Pacific Ocean were t

8、o be poured out, it wouldnt stop my love.3. If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.總結(jié)形式: 時態(tài) if 條件從句 主句 與將來事實相反練一練：1. If everyone _ (help) those in need in future, the world would be a much better place.2. If it _ (be) fine this weekend, we would have a picnic.3. If I _(be admit to)

9、 a famous university in two years, I would treat you to a big meal.4. If it _(snow) tomorrow, we would go skiing.譯一譯：1.如果我今天下午看見他了，我會告訴他的。 2.要是我將來賺了一千萬，我就自己建立一個學校。 3.他要是敢解雇我，我就泄露他所有的秘密。（二）：條件狀語的倒裝：如果條件狀語中有were, had, should時, 可以倒裝成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他1. If I were you, I would try it again. _, I

10、 would try it again. 2. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. _ there yesterday, he would have seen the film.3. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. _ tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. 注意：在省略句型中，只有had done 的had 才能省略，實義動詞had 不能省。1If I had time now, I would go to the librar

11、y. Had I time now, . (誤）（三）錯綜時間條件句：假設(shè)條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動詞不一致，叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設(shè)的時間而定。1. If the weather had been fined, the crops would be growing still better.2. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.3. If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday,

12、 you _(know) what we are doing now. 4.If you _(take) my advice then, you _(現(xiàn)在就不會有麻煩了)5. _ her husband _(kill) in the war, she would not be helping others with housework now.（四）：含蓄條件句：有時虛擬的條件不是通過條件句來表示，而是用一些詞或短語，如 without, but for, or , otherwise等，這種句子叫含蓄條件句。1. But for electricity ( = If it were not

13、for electricity ), there would be no modern industry.2. Without your help (If it had not been for your help), we could not have succeed.3. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.Key: 1. would not have put2. had not put 3. had not bitten/would not have died 4.had no

14、t been here /would not have prevented練一練：填入合適的動詞形式。1）Without air, there _no life on the earth. (be)2）He _ but for his teachers timely advice. (fail)3）We _ the work better in that case. (do)4）He would have come to see you yesterday morning but he _an important meeting to attend. (have) Key:1) would b

15、e 2) would have failed 3) would have done 4) had 【鞏固提升】當堂訓練：1. If you _ (speak) to him last time you saw him, you _ (know) what to do now.2. If I _ (have not ) so much work to do , I _ (not miss) the film last night.3. If you _ (hesitate) this moment, you_ (suffer) in future.4. If Mary _ (arrive) to

16、day, she must have started three days ago.5. If it _ (snow) last night, it _(be) very cold today.6. -Why didnt he come? -He _but she didnt have time. (come)7. She would put on weight but she _(not eat ) enough.Key: 1.had spoken 2.had not had /would not have missed 3.hesitated /would suffer 4.arrived

17、 5.had snowed /would be 6.would have come 7.didnt eat 8. 如果我早上出門帶錢了，現(xiàn)在就不如此尷尬了。9. 要不是你的幫助，我是不會成功通過考試的。10. 她感覺不舒服，不然她不會那么早離開會場的。11. 如果他沒有生病并且錯過了那么多的課，他就會取得更大的進不了。12. 如果不是你的建議，我們不可能克服這些困難。13. 如果不是窗戶開著睡覺，你就不會感冒了。14. 我不知道他的電話號碼，否則的話，我就會給他打電話了。15. 如果不是英語老師的幫助，我們就不可能贏得英語寫作競賽一等獎了。16.如果我們繼續(xù)這樣折騰地球，我們將來將無立足之地。

18、單項選擇1Were it not for the snowy weather, we _all right. A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be 2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let him kn

19、ow. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able 4. If you asked your father, you _ permission. A. may get B. might get C. should have called D. maybe get 5. _today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves

20、6. _I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were 7. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be 8. If the horse won today, it _ thirty races in five years. A. would have won B.

21、 won C. must have won D. did have won 9. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _a sudden loud noise. A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been 10. If you hadnt taken such a long time to get dressed, wed_ there by now. A. be B. circles C. is cir

22、cling D. be circling 11. George would certainly have attended the meeting, _ . A. if he didnt get a flat tire B. if the flat tire hadnt happened C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself 12. Without electronic computers, much of todays advanced technology _. A. will not have

23、 been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved 13. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 14. If I had seen the movie, I _ you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. h

24、ave told D. would have told 15. _ she _ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today.A. If, didnt leave B. Had not, left C. Hadnt, left D. Didnt, leave16. If you _ smoke, please go outside because this is a non-smoking office.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. may17. If Sanlu Group melamine to the milk,

25、the babies too much from kidney stone.A. didnt add; would not suffered B. hadnt added; wouldnt have sufferedC. hasnt added; wouldnt have suffered D. hadnt added; would have suffered18. If the printer_ break down under guarantee, we would repair it at our expense.A. may B. could C. might D. should19.

26、 I _ the poor rabbit, but I didnt have the right drugs with me at that moment.A. saved B. had saved C. could save D. could have saved20. . But for your timely warning, we into great trouble. You know were friends.A. would getB. must have gotC. would have gotD. couldnt have got21. - You promised to come to my dinner party last night but you didnt turn up.- I _, but something unexpected happened just before I left. A. would like to haveB. should like to C. am going toD. like to22. Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I_ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A.