初中英語語法-被動語態(tài)

1、中考語法精講被動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成：被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成： be+be+動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞（be+donebe+done) )1.一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are +done We clean the classroom every day. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. He put on a coat. A coat was put on by him.2.一般過去時一般過去時was/were+doneHe made the kite.The kite was made by him.3.一般將來時一般將來時 sha

2、ll/will /be going to+ be done They will plant trees tomorrow. Trees will be planted by them tomorrow He is going to write a letter to his mother. A letter is going to be written to his mother by him.4.現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時has /have +been done Jim has finished the work. The work has been finished by Jim. 5.含有情態(tài)

3、動詞的被動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) can/may/must/should +be done I can find him. He can be found by me.被動語態(tài)的用法被動語態(tài)的用法1. 不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。這塊手表是中國制造的。This watch is made in China.2. 沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者每年都應(yīng)該種更多的樹。Many trees should be planted every year.3. 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動作的承受者。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動作的承受者。世界上越來越多的人說漢語。世界上越來越多的人說漢語

4、。Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4. 句子的主語是動作的承受者句子的主語是動作的承受者。許多房屋被沖走了。許多房屋被沖走了。Many houses were washed away by the flood.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法 （主語）（主語） （賓語）（賓語）主動語態(tài)：動作的執(zhí)行者主動語態(tài)：動作的執(zhí)行者+ +謂語動詞的主動形式謂語動詞的主動形式+ +動作的承受者動作的承受者被動語態(tài)：動作的承受者被動語態(tài)：動作的承受者+ +謂語動詞的被動形式謂語動詞的被動形式+ +動作的執(zhí)行者動作的執(zhí)

5、行者 （主語）（主語） （賓語）（賓語） 說明：說明： （1 1）要將主動句里的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，若主動）要將主動句里的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，若主動句中的賓語為人稱代詞，要將賓格變成主格。句中的賓語為人稱代詞，要將賓格變成主格。 （2 2）把主動句中的主語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械馁e語，主格變賓）把主動句中的主語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械馁e語，主格變賓格，并由格，并由byby引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。 （3)3)謂語動詞變成相應(yīng)的被動形式。謂語動詞變成相應(yīng)的被動形式。補(bǔ)充部分補(bǔ)充部分1. 主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive等詞作不及物動詞時，它們的主

6、語為物，可以用主動語態(tài)表被動意義。 This kind of shirt sells well.2. look,sound,taste,smell等系動詞用主動表被動意義。例： It smells wonderful. Mooncakes taste delicious.3. 在be worth doing中,doing表被動意義。例：This book is worth reading. 4. want/need/require+doing =want/need/require+to be done 例：My bike needs repairing. =My bike needs to b

7、e repaired. 我的自行車需要修理。課堂練習(xí)課堂練習(xí)（一）改寫句子（一）改寫句子1. We plant trees in spring every year. _ by us in spring every year.2. She posted the letter yesterday. _ by her yesterday.3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. _a birthday present by Mr Turner.5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _ by you tomorr

8、ow.6. She is going to write a letter. _ by her.Trees are plantedThe letter was postedI was givenYour homework may be handed inA letter is going to be written 1. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have to B are not kept；have C do not keep；wi

9、ll have to D do not keep；have to 2. The fifth generation computers, _and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed 3. - _ the sports meet might be put off - Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told ACA4. I

10、need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 5. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 6. The new bridge _ by the end of

11、 last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken DCBC8. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken p

12、lace; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up 9. That suit _ over 60 dollars. A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost 10. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for? A.

13、 is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 11.- Do you like the cloth? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt BDAC12. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A to type B

14、 typing C to be typed D typed 14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily. A. wont wash out B. wont be washed out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out 15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. g

15、o outBCAD16. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to 17. - What do you think of the book? -Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read 18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught