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1、人教版新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法ESTO-ENGLISH 75134-75142可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則(規(guī)則變化):絕大多數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是在名詞詞尾加s,例如,;以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞,先變y為i,再加es。例如:family- families,dictionary- dictionaries;在以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾的名詞后加es。例如:Class- Classes,watch(手表)-watches;在以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞,變f或fe為ves。例如:wife-wives,leaf-leaves;以o結(jié)尾的名詞,有生命的加s,沒(méi)有生命的加es。例如:piano-pianos,toma
2、to-tomatoes,zoo-zoos。可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)(不規(guī)則變化):man-men;woman-women;child-children;chinese- chinese;Japanese- Japanese一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法:(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,或存在的狀態(tài)。例如:I am a student.我是一個(gè)學(xué)生。(存在的狀態(tài))He likes apples.他喜歡蘋(píng)果。She has a bike.她有一輛自行車(chē)。這些動(dòng)詞常與often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year,sometimes(有時(shí)),on
3、Sundays,never(從不,從來(lái)沒(méi)有),once a week(每周一次)等連用。例如:I go to school every day.我每天去上學(xué)。He doesnt work on Sundays.他星期天不工作。(2)表示普遍真理或客觀事實(shí)。例如: It is hot in summer.夏天天氣熱。(普遍真理/客觀事實(shí))There is a big tree near the house.房子附近有一棵大樹(shù)。(客觀事實(shí))The sun rises(v, 升起)in the east.太陽(yáng)從東方升起。(普遍真理) (3)表示主語(yǔ)的特征、性格、狀態(tài)或能力等。例如:He is at
4、work now.他現(xiàn)在在工作。(表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài))Do you speak English?你會(huì)講英語(yǔ)嗎?(表示主語(yǔ)的能力) I like swimming.我喜歡游泳。(表示主語(yǔ)的喜好) (4)表示計(jì)劃、安排的將來(lái)動(dòng)作,也可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如go,come,leave,arrive, be,start,begin等動(dòng)詞??梢赃@樣使用。例如:She comes back tonight.她今晚回來(lái)。(現(xiàn)在還未到晚上,她還未回來(lái))The metting is at 8:30,dont be late .八點(diǎn)鐘開(kāi)會(huì),別遲到。(會(huì)還未開(kāi),還沒(méi)有遲到)構(gòu)成:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)由“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞”構(gòu)成。根據(jù)我們的學(xué)習(xí)
5、內(nèi)容,把動(dòng)詞分為三類系動(dòng)詞be(即is,am,are),have has(意思為有,吃等)和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(表示人或動(dòng)物動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,即行為動(dòng)詞)。下面分類講述三類動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(1)系動(dòng)詞be(即is,am,are)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Be 的用法:動(dòng)詞除第一人稱單數(shù)(即)用am,第三人稱單數(shù)用is外,其余一律用are??隙ň溆伞爸髡Z(yǔ)be(isamare)其他”構(gòu)成。例如:我是男孩。她來(lái)自日本。他們是學(xué)生??隙ň渥兂煞穸ň渲恍柙赽e 后加not既可。(is not =isnt,are not=arent)以上三句的否定句依次為: not 我不是男孩。 isnt她不是來(lái)自日本。arent 他們不是學(xué)生???/p>
6、定句變成一般疑問(wèn)句只需把系動(dòng)詞be(即is,am,are)提到句子前面即可(注意:肯定句中的I,we需要變成you;my,our需要變成your)。所以以上三句的一般疑問(wèn)句形式依次為:Are you a boy?Yes,am, ?,snt?,arent()have has(意思為有,吃等)肯定句由“主語(yǔ)have has其他”構(gòu)成。(注意:第三人稱單數(shù)使用has,其余一律用have)例如: 她有一枝新鋼筆 They have lunch at home.他們?cè)诩页晕顼?。我有一個(gè)弟弟??隙ň渥兂煞穸ň湫枰弥鷦?dòng)詞dont/doesnt,即由“主語(yǔ)dont/doesnt+have其他”構(gòu)成。(do
7、not =dont,does not=doesnt)以上三句的否定句依次為:doesnt have 她沒(méi)有一枝新鋼筆。 T donthave他們不在家吃午飯。 dont have 我沒(méi)有一個(gè)弟弟??隙ň渥兂梢话阋蓡?wèn)句需要用助動(dòng)詞do/does,即一般疑問(wèn)句為“Do/Does+主語(yǔ)have其他”。所以以上三句的一般疑問(wèn)句形式依次為: Does shave 她有一枝新鋼筆嗎? Yes,she does./,she doesntDo they have lun at home?他們?cè)诩页晕顼垎??Yes,/,Do you r?你有一個(gè)弟弟嗎?Yes,/,(3)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(表示人或動(dòng)物動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞即行為動(dòng)詞
8、)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)肯定句由“主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形()”構(gòu)成。(注意:只有在主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的情況下,動(dòng)詞原形后面才加)。例如:I do homework every day.我每天都做作業(yè)。He watches TV every evening.他每晚都看電視??隙ň渥兂煞穸ň湫枰弥鷦?dòng)詞dont/doesnt,即由“主語(yǔ)dont/doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。以上三句的否定句依次為:Idont do homework every day.我每天不做作業(yè)。He doesnt watch watch TV every evening.他每晚不看電視。肯定句變成一般疑問(wèn)句需要用助動(dòng)詞do/does,即一般疑
9、問(wèn)句為“Do/Does +主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形”。所以以上三句的一般疑問(wèn)句形式依次為:Do you do homework every day?你每天都做作業(yè)嗎?Yes,/,Does he watch TV every evening?他每晚都看電視嗎?Yes, , nt七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第一單元Unit 1 Where is your pal from?國(guó)家與語(yǔ)言(熟悉內(nèi)容):ChinaChinese(漢語(yǔ),中國(guó)人)EnglandEnglish CanadaCanadian(加拿大人) FranceFrench(法語(yǔ),法國(guó)人)AmericaAmerican(美國(guó)人)JapanJapanese(日語(yǔ),日本
10、人) AustraliaAustralian (澳大利亞人)(p1)be from =come from 來(lái)自 Linda is from Japan.= Linda comes from Japan.那么Wheres your pen pal from?= ?(p2)live住,居住(后跟地點(diǎn)是常用live in) 。例如:I live in China. Do you live in China? Yes,I live in China. Where do you live? (where 是副詞,和動(dòng)詞live搭配時(shí),動(dòng)詞后不能加介詞in)His aunt lives in Sydney
11、.Does his aunt live in Sydney?Yes, , nt . His auntnt live in Sydney. Where does His aunt live? (p3)說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言用speak, speak Chinese/ English/ Japanese /French說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)/英語(yǔ)/日語(yǔ)/法語(yǔ)問(wèn)某人說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言用句型What language do/does sb speak?What language do you speak?I speak Chinese. What language does Mary speak?She speaks English.(
12、p5,3a)14 years old 14歲 解釋:數(shù)字+ year(s) old 歲 當(dāng)數(shù)字大于1時(shí),year用復(fù)數(shù)years。I am 30 years old. Her son is 1 year old. (p5,3a)can為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,“能,能夠,會(huì)”。后面跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)必須用動(dòng)詞原形??隙ň渥兂梢话阋蓡?wèn)句需把can提到句首。肯定句變成否定句只需把can變成cant 既可。例如:She can speak English. Can she speak English? Yes, can, cant She cant speak English.(p5,3a)“Like+動(dòng)詞ing”表示“喜
13、歡做某事”I like playing basketball.Tom likes listening o music.注意:“Like+o+動(dòng)詞”也表示“喜歡做某事”,只是“Like+動(dòng)詞ing”表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作(也可以說(shuō)是愛(ài)好),而“Like+o+動(dòng)詞”表示一次性或短暫性的。swimming.( 表示愛(ài)好) He playing basketball,but today he doesnt like to play basketball.他愛(ài)好打籃球(愛(ài)好),但是今天他沒(méi)去打籃球(短暫性的)。(p5,3a)Write to 人:寫(xiě)信給某人He often Writes to his mothe
14、r.Do you ften Write to your pen pal? (p5,3b)on weekens在周末(p5,3b) favorite形容詞“最喜愛(ài)的”,名詞“最喜愛(ài)的人或物”。 My favorite spor is 我最喜愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)是足球。 favorite是我最喜愛(ài)的食物。(p5,3b) 告訴某人某 事 我的媽媽經(jīng)常告訴我關(guān)于我爺爺?shù)氖?。第二單元Unit 2 Wheres the post office? (p7-8)“There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本句型如下:肯定句:There is(Theres) a big supermarket near my home.(可數(shù)名詞
15、單數(shù))在我家附近有一個(gè)大超市。There is(Theres) some water in the glass.(不可數(shù)名詞)在玻璃杯里有一些水。There are 30 students in the classroom.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))在教室里有30個(gè)學(xué)生。否定句There be結(jié)構(gòu)的否定句只需在肯定句中be的后面加not即可。(is not =isnt,are not=arent)。因此以上三句的否定句依次為:There isnt a big supermarket near my home.名詞單在我家附近沒(méi)有大超市。 There isnt any water in the glass
16、.在玻璃杯里沒(méi)有水。(肯定句中的some,在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中需要變成any) There arent 30 students in the classroom.在教室里沒(méi)有30個(gè)學(xué)生。疑問(wèn)式和簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)一般疑問(wèn)句:只需把肯定句中的be提到句首即可。因此以上三句的一般疑問(wèn)句依次為:Is there a big supermarket near your home?Yes,there is. No,there isnt.在我家附近有一個(gè)大超市嗎? Is there any water in the glass?Yes,there is. No,there isnt.在玻璃杯里有一些水嗎?Are th
17、ere 30 students in the classroom?在教室里有30名學(xué)生嗎?Yes,there are. No,there arent.特殊疑問(wèn)句:How many days are there in a week?一個(gè)星期有多少天?There are seven.有七天。注:在There be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本句型中,若“某物/某人”為好幾個(gè)并列,往往根據(jù)第一個(gè)人/物的單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)確定be 的形式。比較以下兩句的差異:There is a pen and two books on the desk.There are two books and a pen on the desk
18、.(p8)方位詞的用法:next to在旁邊,betweenand在和之間across from在對(duì)面,behind在的后面,in the neighborhood在附近,in the front of在(物體里面的)前面,in front of在(物體外面的)前面,on在街上The library is next to the bank. The library is between the restaurant and the bank.The bank is across from the restaurant. The park is behind the bank.There is
19、a payphone in the neighborhood. There is a blackboard in the front of classroom.在教室的前面有一塊黑板。(黑板在教室的里面)There is a big tree in front of classroom. 在教室的前面有一棵大樹(shù)。(大樹(shù)在教室的外面) The library is on YiMeng Street.(p9)go straight一著往前走,turn left/right向左/右拐,on the left/right在左邊/右邊(p10,1a)形容詞反意詞:cleandirty;newold;bi
20、gsmall(p11,3a)the garden district 花園小區(qū);take a walk 散步;the beginning of 的開(kāi)始Do you like the beginning of the movie?你喜歡這步電影的開(kāi)頭嗎?(p11,3a)enjoy喜歡,過(guò)得快樂(lè)(后面跟的動(dòng)詞必須加ing)I enjoy the movie我喜歡這步電影。She enjoys watching TV.她喜歡看電視。(p11,3b)have fun玩得快樂(lè);play the guitar彈吉他(play后跟樂(lè)器時(shí)必須加the,但后跟球類時(shí)不加the,例如:play basketball
21、)課文解釋:(p11,3)I know you are arriving next Sunday. 解釋:“be+動(dòng)詞ing”為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),在這句中next Sunday“下個(gè)星期天”為將來(lái)時(shí)間。youare arriving next Sunday.是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作的用法,這種情況多用于go,come,leave,arrive等表示動(dòng)作來(lái)去的動(dòng)詞,例如:He is leaving tomorrow.明天他將離開(kāi)。let sb do sth讓某人做某事(let us=lets) lets play basketball.the way to+地點(diǎn):去某地的路 the way to sc
22、hool去上學(xué)的路上;the way home回家的路上(在這里home之前無(wú)修飾成分,為副詞,去掉to)take a taxi 乘出租車(chē);have a good trip旅途愉快 第三單元Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?(p13)掌握各種動(dòng)物的名稱和描述動(dòng)物的形容詞。(p13)Lets后跟動(dòng)詞原形“咱們做某事吧”。肯定回答一般用“OK/All right”,否定回答一般用“Sorry,I”等。 Lets play tennis. Lets dance. OK. Sorry,I cant dance.(p13)Why引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,通常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)原因。 like p
23、andas because they are cute like pandas?(p1,)be from =come from 來(lái)自 Linda is from Japan.= Linda comes from Japan.Linda from?Linda from?(,3)What animal do you like?用于詢問(wèn)對(duì)方喜歡什么動(dòng)物。例如:What animal do you like? I like pandas.Theyre cute.What animal does Tom like? He likes dolphins.Theyre friendly.(7,3a)play
24、 with玩,和一起玩 Mary often plays with us.瑪麗經(jīng)常和我們一起玩。 The boy is playing with a ball.那個(gè)男孩正在玩球。(7,3a)She likes to play with her friends and eat grass. =She likes to play with her friends and She likes to eat grass.解釋:本句的主語(yǔ)是She,謂語(yǔ)是likes,play with her friends和eat grass.是由and連接的兩個(gè)相同成分,所以后省略了She likes to。 lik
25、e to do 與like doing 的用法和區(qū)別見(jiàn)第一單元(p5,3a)的解釋。(7,3a)為并列連詞,用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)因果關(guān)系的句子,前面的表示原因,后面的表示結(jié)果。例如:He is very fat,so he doesnt like PE.class.他很胖,因此他不喜歡體育刻。=Because he is very fat, he doesnt like PE.class.=He doesnt like PE.class because he is very fat. (because引導(dǎo)的句子可以放前面,也可以放在后面) (7,3a)leaf的復(fù)數(shù)為leaves第四單元Unit 4
26、I want to be an actor.(p19,1a)What do you do?(= What +isamare+sb?/ What +isamare+ones job?)用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的職業(yè)。例如:What do you do?(=What are you?/Whats your job?) Im a waiter/policeman/docter/student.What does Tom do?(= Whats Tom?/ Whats Toms job?) He is a student. What does Tonys father do? Hes (=He is) a pol
27、iceman.(p20,2c)What do you want to do?用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方想從事什么職業(yè)。例如:What do you want to do? I want to be a policeman.What does she want to do? She wants to be an actor.Want to do 想做某事 I want to go home.我想回家。 Do you want to watch Tv?你想看電視嗎?(p21,3a)give sb sth給某人某物=give sth to sb 把某物給某人Can you give me a pen?你能給我一枝
28、鋼筆嗎?= Can you give a pen to me? Please give me an apple.=Please give an apple to me.請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)蘋(píng)果。(p21,3a)in the day在白天 at night 在晚上(p21,3a)thief 的復(fù)數(shù)為thieves(p21)She works in a hospital.Does she work in a hospital?Yes,she does. No,she doesnt. She doesnt work in a hospital. Where does she work?(p23,3a)call
29、 sb at+電話號(hào)碼:給某人打電話,電話號(hào)碼是 Please call me at 78966616.請(qǐng)撥打78966616找我。(p23,3a,2)talk with/to sb 與某人談話 (p23,3a,3)school play 校園劇第五單元Unit 5 Im watching TV 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1)用法:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在(說(shuō)話瞬間)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如:I am writing a letter.我正在寫(xiě)信。 He is watching TV now.現(xiàn)在他正在看電視。They are reading.他們正在讀書(shū)?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也可以表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行
30、的動(dòng)作。例如:We are working on a farm these days I am writing a book this month2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞:now,these days,look,listen。例如:He is playing basketball now.現(xiàn)在他正在打籃球。The students are helping the farmers these days.這些天學(xué)生們正在幫助農(nóng)民。Look!They are dancing in the classroom.看!他們正在教室里跳舞。3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式:be+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(即動(dòng)詞加ing)。4)現(xiàn)在
31、進(jìn)行時(shí)的句型:(1)肯定句句型:主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。例如:We are playing soccer now現(xiàn)在我們正在踢足球。 這些天瑪麗正在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 doing homework.我正在做作業(yè)。(2)否定句句型:主語(yǔ)+be+not +動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。(is not =isnt,are not=arent) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。以上三句的否定句依次為:We arent playing soccer nownt notdoing homework.(3)一般疑問(wèn)句句型:Be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。以上三句的一般疑問(wèn)句依次為: Are you playing soccer now?現(xiàn)在你們正在踢
32、足嗎?Yes,we are.No,we arent. Is ?這些天瑪麗正在學(xué)英語(yǔ)嗎?Yes, i, intAre you doing homework?你正在做作業(yè)嗎?Yes,am,m not. (p26,2a/2b) want to+動(dòng)詞:想做某事 I want to go to movies.我想去看電影。She wants to go home now.現(xiàn)在他想回家。Does she want to go home now? Yes, , ntShe doesnt want to go home now.What does she want to do now?(p26,2b/2c)g
33、o to the movies去看電影;do ones homework做(某人的)作業(yè);write a letter 寫(xiě)信 ;(p27,3a)Lets+動(dòng)詞原形:讓咱們做;其肯定回答為“OK!”或“All right.”,否定回答為“Sorry,I” 。 Lets go shopping.咱們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物吧。 All right.好吧。 (p27,3a)在鐘點(diǎn)前用at;在具體的某一天的早上、下午、晚上用介詞on;在月、年的前面用in。at six oclock在六點(diǎn)鐘; on Sunday morning在星期天的早上;in September在九月; in 1998在1998年 (p27,4)w
34、ait for 人/物:等待某人/某物 She is waiting for a bus.(p27,4)talk to人/talk with人:與某人談話 Tom is talking to his teacher.湯姆正在和他的老師談話。Toms mother is talking with his teacher. 湯姆的媽媽正在和他的老師談話。(注意:talk to人/talk with人有一點(diǎn)區(qū)別,“talk to人”是一方說(shuō),一方聽(tīng),例如;“talk with人”是雙方互相交談,例如。)(p27,4)talk about sth談?wù)撃呈禄蚰澄?They are talking abo
35、ut the movie.他們正在談?wù)撨@部電影。(p28,1a)in/at the library在圖書(shū)館;at the pool在游泳池;in/at the school在學(xué)校;at the mall在商業(yè)街/在購(gòu)物廣場(chǎng);(補(bǔ)充)at home在家里;at the art club在藝術(shù)俱樂(lè)部;at shool在學(xué)校(p29,3a)thanks for+名詞/代詞/Ving相當(dāng)于thank you for+名詞/代詞/Ving:意為“因而感謝你”Thanks for helping me.(help為動(dòng)詞)謝謝你幫助我。 Thanks for your e-mail.(e-mail)謝謝你的
36、電子郵件。(p29,3a)Here are some of my photos.這里是我的一些照片。講解:在here,there等引導(dǎo)的句子中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be時(shí),be的單/復(fù)形式要與后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。例如:here are some new books.(books為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))這有些新書(shū)。Here is your money.(money為不可數(shù)名詞)給你錢(qián)。第六單元Unit 6 Its raining! (p31)與天氣有關(guān)的一些單詞:名詞 意思 形容詞 意思 名詞 意思 形容詞 意思 Sun 太陽(yáng) sunny 晴朗的 wind 風(fēng) windy 有風(fēng)的;多風(fēng)的Cloud 云 cloud
37、y 多云的;有云 (p31,1a)rain(動(dòng)詞)下雨;snow(動(dòng)詞)下雪 反義詞:hotcold;warmcool(p31,1a)Hows the weather (in 地點(diǎn))?=Whats the weather like(in 地點(diǎn))?(某地的)天氣怎么樣? Hows the weather in BeiJing?=Whats the weather like in BeiJing? Its cloudy/ sunny/ windy.(p33,3a)Hows it going?(= Hows everything going?)兩者均表示“一切好嗎?”“近來(lái)怎么樣?”,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的
38、工作、學(xué)習(xí)或生活情況?!癎reat!”是“Its great!”的縮寫(xiě)形式,在口語(yǔ)中可以表示“妙;好”之意。還可以根據(jù)情況回答“Not bad.”;“Terrible.”;“Pretty good.”。(P35,3a)Thank sb for +名詞/代詞/V ing意為“因某事而感謝某人”Thank you for helping me.(help為動(dòng)詞)謝謝你幫助我。Thank you for your help.( help為名詞)謝謝你的幫助。(P35,3a)someothers用于表示許多人或物中的“一些另一些”,而并非全部。There are a lot of people in
39、the park. Some are walking and others are swimming.公園里有許多人,有的在散步,有的在游泳。(P35,3a) lie(意為“躺”)的現(xiàn)在分詞為lying (P35,3a)Look at this grop of people playing beach volleyball.解釋:劃線部分為現(xiàn)在分詞做people的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) (p35,3b)have a good time意為“玩得開(kāi)心,過(guò)得快樂(lè)”第七單元Unit 7 What does he look like?(p41,1a)short/long hair短/長(zhǎng)頭發(fā) curly/strai
40、ght hair卷/直發(fā) tall/short高矮 medium height 中等身高 heavy/thin胖瘦 medium build 中等身材(p41,1a)What does he look like?用來(lái)描述別人長(zhǎng)的什么樣;回答時(shí)常用句型為:Sb+ be+ 形容詞(tall/short/heavy/thin) Sb+have/has+名詞/名詞詞組(short/long hair;curly/straight hair) Sb+ be of+ medium height/ medium buildWhat does your father look like?你爸爸長(zhǎng)什么樣?Hes
41、 tall.He has short,straight hair.他很高,留著短而直的頭發(fā)。 What does his mother look like?She is of medium build,and she has long hair. (p43,3a-3)stop+V ing 停止正在做的事 Stop running.停止跑步。 Stop to +V停止正在做的事去做別的事 Stop to run.停下來(lái)去跑步。(停下現(xiàn)在做的事,然后去跑步。)(p43,3a-4)like+V ing/to V喜歡做某事,愛(ài)好做某事“Like+動(dòng)詞ing”表示“喜歡做某事”I like playin
42、g basketball.Tom likes listening o music.注意:“Like+o+動(dòng)詞”也表示“喜歡做某事”,只是“Like+動(dòng)詞ing”表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作(也可以說(shuō)是愛(ài)好),而“Like+o+動(dòng)詞”表示一次性或短暫性的。swimming.( 表示愛(ài)好) He playing basketball,but today he doesnt like to play basketball.他愛(ài)好打籃球(愛(ài)好),但是今天他沒(méi)去打籃球(短暫性的)。(p45,3a)I think+句子,意為“我認(rèn)為”,think引導(dǎo)的句子如果表示否定意義,否定轉(zhuǎn)移到動(dòng)詞think前,因此該句子的否定句
43、為“I dont think+句子”。就是在 I think后面的從句中,如果有否定含義,往往需要把否定詞從從句移到主句,稱為否定轉(zhuǎn)移。I think he is only 12 years old.(否定句) I dont think he is only 12 years old.(p45,3a)But my mom does.解釋:在英文中,常常用do,does或have代替上文中的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),而不能直接用某一個(gè)動(dòng)詞來(lái)替代。例如I dont have a long hair,but my sister does.我沒(méi)有長(zhǎng)發(fā),但我妹妹有。第八單元Unit 8 Id like some noo
44、dles. 本單元重點(diǎn)是掌握詢問(wèn)別人想吃什么種類的面條/水餃,并能詢問(wèn)所要碗的型號(hào),需要掌握的內(nèi)容:would like的用法,一些食物的名稱;可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞;并能根據(jù)要求寫(xiě)簡(jiǎn)單的食品類廣告。(p47)would like+名詞/不定式(to+V)想要某物;想做某事Id like some cakes.我想吃蛋糕。Tom would like to go swimming.湯姆想去游泳。would you like sth?(你想要某物嗎?)也是日常生活中用來(lái)征求對(duì)方許可的一種委婉、禮貌的句型,起肯定回答為Yes,please,否定回答為No,thanks。Would you like
45、a cup of tea?你想來(lái)杯茶嗎?Yes,please./ No,thanks.好的。/不,謝謝。would you like to+V?(你想要某物嗎?)是向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或邀請(qǐng)的句型,起肯定回答為Yes,Id like to.或Yes,Id love to.否定回答為Sorry。 would you like to play basketball with us?和我們一起打籃球,好嗎?Yes,Id like to.好的,我愿意。(p47,1a)What kind of noodles/dumplings would you like?用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方喜歡哪種面條或水餃;What kind
46、 of noodles would you like? Beef noodles,please.(p48,2b) What size bowl of noodles/dumplings would you like?用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方要哪種型號(hào)碗的面條或水餃What size bowl of noodles would he like? Hed like a small/medium/large bowl of noodles.可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則:絕大多數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是在名詞詞尾加s。例如:,;以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞,先變y為i,再class加es。例如:family- families,
47、dictionary- dictionaries; 在以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾的名詞后加es。例如:Class- Classes,watch(手表)-watches; 在以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞,變f或fe為ves。例如:wife-wives,leaf-leaves;以o結(jié)尾的名詞,有生命的加s,沒(méi)有生命的加es。例如:piano-pianos,tomatoes,zoo-zoos。第九單元Unit 9 How was your weekend?本單元重點(diǎn)是掌握How引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,復(fù)習(xí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)用法:一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:y
48、esterday,last night/year,once,in 1990,two days ago等。也可表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常與often,always等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如:I got up at 6:30 yesterday.昨天我在六點(diǎn)半起床。She was a middle school student in 2000.在二零零年她是一個(gè)中學(xué)生。He always went to school by bus last year.去年他總是乘公共汽車(chē)去上學(xué)。 形式:一般過(guò)去時(shí)的形式為“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式”。動(dòng)詞be第一人稱單數(shù)和第三人稱單數(shù)用was,其余一律用were
49、; 動(dòng)詞have/has一律用had,沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化; 行為動(dòng)詞一律用過(guò)去式,沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化;一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型:肯定句句型:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。例如:I watched the film two days ago.兩天前我看了這部電影。Mary was a docter in 2001.在2001年瑪麗是一名醫(yī)生。The students played basketball yesterday.昨天學(xué)生們打籃球了。She bought a notebook last week.上個(gè)星期她買(mǎi)了一個(gè)筆記本。否定句句型:主語(yǔ)+wasnt/werent+其他主語(yǔ)+ didnt+動(dòng)詞原形。以上四句
50、的否定句依次為:I didnt watch the film two days ago.兩天前我沒(méi)有看這部電影。Mary wasnt a doctor in 2001.在2001年瑪麗不是一名醫(yī)生。The students didnt play basketball yesterday.昨天學(xué)生們沒(méi)有打籃球了。She didnt buy a notebook last week.上個(gè)星期她沒(méi)買(mǎi)筆記本。一般疑問(wèn)句句型:Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形。以上四句的一般疑問(wèn)句依次為:Did you watch the film two days ago??jī)商烨拔铱催@部電影了嗎?ye
51、s,I did. NO,I didnt.Was Mary a docter in 2001?在2001年瑪麗是一名醫(yī)生嗎?Yes,she was,she wasntDid the students play basketball yesterday? yes,they did. NO, they didnt.Did she buy a notebook last week?上個(gè)星期她買(mǎi)筆記本了嗎?yes,she did. No,she didnt.(p54,2c)“What about ?”在英語(yǔ)中與“How about ?”含義相同,兩者均表示“怎么樣?”后面可以接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞+ing形
52、式,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)信息,提出建議或征詢意見(jiàn)。What about this sweater? (名詞)這件毛衣怎么樣?( 征詢意見(jiàn)) How about playing soccer?(動(dòng)詞)踢足球怎么樣?(提出建議)I went to the movies. What about you?(代詞)我去看電影。你干什么?(詢問(wèn)信息)(p57,3a)在具體哪一天的上午、下午或晚上要用on,例如:on Sunday morning(p58,3)Do you think every enjoys their weekends?解釋:本句屬于含賓語(yǔ)從句的一般疑問(wèn)形式,主句為Do you think,從句為e
53、very enjoys their weekends。例如Do you think she is adoctor?你認(rèn)為她是一名醫(yī)生嗎?(p58,3)watch sb do sth 意為“看到某人做某事”。例如:Toms mother often watches him do homework.湯姆的媽媽常常看他做家庭作業(yè)。(p58,3)It is/was time to+V意為“該干了;是干的時(shí)候了”It is time to go to bed.是該睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候了。注意:如果要表示“該某人做某事”時(shí),應(yīng)在to的前面加上for sb,即It is/was time for sb to+VIt is time for us to ha
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