初一英語五種基本句型及練習

1、五種基本句型與初中英語寫作一：基本句型基本句型一: 主+系+表此句型的句子有一個共同的特點:句子謂語動詞都不能表達一個完整的意思,必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構成復合謂語,才能表達完整的意思.這類動詞叫做連系動詞.連系動詞分兩類:be, look, keep, seem等屬一類;get, grow, become, turn等屬另一類,表示變化的be動詞本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語和表語的作用.其它連系動詞仍保持其部分詞義.1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 這是本英漢辭典.2. The dinner smells good. 午餐的氣

2、味很好.3. His face turned red. 他的臉紅了4. Everything looks different. 一切看來都不同了.5. He is growing tall and strong. 他長得又高又壯.基本句型二: 主+謂(不及物動詞)此句型的句子有一個共同特點,即句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思.這類動詞叫做不及物動詞,后面可以跟副詞,介詞短語等.1. The sun was shining. 太陽在照耀著.2. The moon rose. 月亮升起了.3. What he said does not matter. 他所講的沒有什么關系.4. They tal

3、ked for half an hour. 他們談了半個小時.5. The pen writes smoothly. 這支筆書寫流利.基本句型三: 主+謂(及物)+賓 此句型句子的共同特點是:謂語動詞都具有實義,都是主語產生的動作,但不能表達完整的意思,必須跟有一個賓語,即動作的承受者,才能使意思完整.這類動詞叫做及物動詞.1. Who knows the answer？ 誰知道答案？ 2. He enjoys reading. 他喜歡看書.3. He admits that he was mistaken. 他承認犯了錯誤.基本句型四: 主+謂(及物)+雙賓（間賓+直賓） 此句型的句子有一個

4、共同特點:謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思.這兩個賓語一個是動作的直接承受者,另一個是動作的間接承受者.通常這一間接承受者用一個介詞來連接,當動作的間接承受者在動作的直接承受者之前時,這一介詞往往被省略.1. She ordered herself a new dress. 她給自己定了一套新衣裳.2. I showed him my pictures. 我給他看我的照片.3. He bought you a dictionary.他給你買了一本字典.4. I told him that the bus was late. 我告訴他汽車晚點了.5. He showed me how

5、to run the machine. 他教我開機器.基本句型五: 主+謂(及物)+復合賓語（賓+賓補） 此句型的句子的共同特點是:動詞雖然是及物動詞,但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思,必須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語,才能使意思完整.1. They painted the door green. 他們把門漆成綠色.2. They found the house deserted. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那房子無人居住.3. What makes him think so？ 他怎么會這樣想？. 4. We saw him out. 我們送他出去.5. He asked me to come back so

6、on. 他要我早點回來.6. I saw them getting on the bus at that time. 我看見他們當時在上了那輛公共汽車.二：請判斷下列句子的結構類型：1.He is running.2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.4.She seemed angry.5.My father bought me a beautiful present.6.Why do you keep yo

7、ur eyes closed？7.Will you tell us an exciting story？8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.10.Can you push the window open？三：基礎翻譯練習基本句型一: 主+系+表1. 當時他看起來不高興。2. 我喜歡的運動是游泳和滑冰。3. 我擅長英語。4. 收到你的來信我很高興。5. 在公路對面有一棟新教學樓。6. 圖書館里有各種各樣的書籍、報紙和雜志。7. 那是在2000年2月8日早

8、上7:15.8. 天變得越來越黑。9. 這食物吃起來挺可口的。10. 這故事聽起來很有趣。 Key:1. He looked unhappy at that time.2. My favorite sports are swimming and skating.3. I am very good at English.4. I was so pleased to hear from you.5. On the other side of the road there is a new teaching building.6. In the library there are all kinds

9、 of books, newspapers and magazines.7. It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000.8. It is getting darker and darker.9. The food tastes delicious.10. The story sounds very interesting.基本句型二: 主+謂(不及物動詞)1. 1984年至1990年我在光明小學學習。2. 今天上午，我們在校門口會面然后一起去那里。3. 時間很快過去了。 4. 這幾年我們家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。5. 小車沒有停而是快速的開走了。

10、6. 在過去的10年間它的經濟發(fā)展迅速。7. 那個年輕人重重地摔倒在地。8. 過去他早上習慣于早起。Key: 1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.2. This morning we met at the school gate and went there together.3. The time passed quickly.4. Great changes have taken place in our hometown these years.5. The car didn't stop but

11、drove off at great speed.6. Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten years.7. The young man fell down on the ground hard.8. He used to get up early in the morning.基本句型三: 主+謂(及物)+賓1. 去年在學校電腦競賽中我獲得了一等獎。2. 在業(yè)余時間我喜歡聽流行音樂和收集郵票。3.幾天前我和我兄弟騎自行車去看電影。4. 我們也在校園內和周圍種上了許多樹。5. 晚上時，我可以看電視新聞或看報紙。6. 在回家的路上他

12、把錢給丟了。7. 昨晚大約九點的時候，我正在做作業(yè)。8. 才藝展示（Talent Show）將于6月18日在北京電視臺舉行。9. 下午，我將帶你們轉轉，看一看一些名勝。10. 盼望能盡早見到你。 Key:1. Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition. 2. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.3. The other day my brother and I went to the cinema b

13、y bicycle.4. We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.5. In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers.6. He lost the money on his way home.7. About 9 o'clock last night, I was doing my homework.8. Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.9. In

14、 the afternoon, Ill show you around and take you to some places of interest.10. Im looking forward to meeting you soon.基本句型四: 主+謂(及物)+雙賓（間賓+直賓）1. 去年王老師教我們英語。2. 明天我要給他寫封信，告訴他這個好消息。3. 他們給他提供了一份工作，但他拒絕了。4. 在我14歲生日時，爸爸給我買了一輛新自行車。5. 昨晚我花了兩小時才完成作業(yè)。6. 對不起，能問你一個問題嗎？Key:1.Mr Wang taught us English last year.

15、2. Tomorrow Ill write him a letter and tell him the good news.3. They offered him a job, but he turned it down.4. On my 14th birthday, Father bought me a new bike.5. It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.6. Excuse me, can I ask you a question?基本句型五: 主+謂(及物)+復合賓語（賓+賓補）1. 當時我看到那些孩子在河邊玩

16、。2. 我們正在使我們的國家變得越來越美麗。3. 當我到達教室時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)里邊沒有人。4. 昨天下午在公交車上我的錢包讓人給偷了。5. 我注意到凱特整個早上都在圖書館里看書。6. 父親叫我給他帶些報紙來。Key:1.I saw the kids/children playing by the river at that time.2. We are making our country more and more beautiful.3. When I got to the classroom, I found nobody in.4. I had my wallet stolen on a b

17、us yesterday afternoon.5. I noticed Kate reading in the library all the morning.6. Father asked me to bring him some newspapers.四：綜合翻譯練習：1. 那噪音太響，我無法繼續(xù)學習。2. 得知你9月份要來我很高興。3. 人們需要一個可以休息和玩樂的地方。4. 當那個人在過馬路時，小車撞了他。5. 我已答應明天下午3：30到機場接他。6. 聽了我說的話，我的鄰居向我道歉并馬上把電視音量關小。7. 他是一個很有學問的人我們都很欣賞他。8. 在過去，人們主要通過寫信、打公共電

18、話來彼此保持聯(lián)系。9. 我寧愿呆在家里，因為我可以做我想做的，比如：讀書、看電視、幫助父母做家務。10. 我們應該把中國文化和歷史介紹給外國人，以便他們能更多的了解中國。11. 為了改善北京交通，政府應鼓勵更多人使用公共交通或自行車。12. 以我的觀點來看，考試作弊是錯的，因為它違反了學校規(guī)章。13. 我們學生應該誠實，盡力通過努力學習而不是考試作弊來獲得好成績。14. 有個老人靜靜地坐在附近的一個板凳上。Key:1. The noise was so loud that I couldn't go on studying.2. Im so glad to learn that you

19、re coming in September.3. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.4. The car hit the man while he was crossing the road.5. I have promised to meet him at the airport at 3:30 tomorrow afternoon.6. After hearing what I said, my neighbor apologized to me and turned down the TV immediately.7. He is such a learned person that we all admire hem very much.8. In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or usi