句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析

1、句子結(jié)構(gòu)句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單句的五個(gè)基本句型簡(jiǎn)單句的五個(gè)基本句型1.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 She came2.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) She likes English.3.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) She is happy4.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 雙賓動(dòng)詞雙賓動(dòng)詞 間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ) 直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ) She told me a story She gave a book to me.5.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ) She makes her mother angry The teacher asked me to read the passage.（

2、There +be There lies a book on the desk. ）一、主語(yǔ)（一、主語(yǔ)（subject）: 句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。 1.The sun rises in the east. 2.He likes dancing. 3.Twenty years is a short time in history. 4.Seeing is believing. 5.To see is to believe. 6.What he needs is a book. 7.It is very clear that the elephant is round and t

3、all like a tree. 名詞名詞代詞代詞數(shù)詞數(shù)詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞不定式不定式主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句It形式主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)從句是真正主語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)從句是真正主語(yǔ)二、謂語(yǔ)（二、謂語(yǔ)（predicate）: 說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。和特征。1.We study English. 2.He is asleep. 3. She was found singing in the next room. The baby is crying.5.I can speak Japanese. 三、賓語(yǔ)：三、賓語(yǔ)：1）動(dòng)作的承受者）動(dòng)作的承受者-動(dòng)賓動(dòng)賓1.I like China. 2.H

4、e hates you. 3.How many do you need? We need two. 4.I enjoy working with you. 5.I hope to see you again. 6.Did you write down what he said? 2） 介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-介賓介賓 Are you afraid of the snake? 3） 雙賓語(yǔ)雙賓語(yǔ)-間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）1.He gave me a book yesterday. 2.Give the poor man some mone

5、y.名詞名詞代詞代詞數(shù)詞數(shù)詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞不定式不定式賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句四、表語(yǔ)（四、表語(yǔ)（predicative）: 系動(dòng)詞之后的成分，系動(dòng)詞之后的成分，表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。1.He is a teacher. 2.Seventy-four! You dont look it. 3.Five and five is ten. 4.He is asleep. 5.His father is in. 6.The picture is on the wall. 7.My watch is gone / missing / lost. 8.To wear a flow

6、er is to say “Im poor, I cant buy a ring. 9.The question is whether they will come. 名詞名詞代詞代詞數(shù)詞數(shù)詞形容詞形容詞副詞副詞介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)形容詞化的分詞形容詞化的分詞不定式不定式表語(yǔ)從表語(yǔ)從句句常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有: be / sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)）（聽(tīng)起來(lái)）/ look（看起來(lái)）（看起來(lái)）/ feel(摸摸起來(lái)）起來(lái)）/smell（聞起來(lái)）（聞起來(lái)）/ taste（嘗、吃起來(lái)）（嘗、吃起來(lái)） remain（保持，仍是）（保持，仍是）/ feel（感覺(jué)）（感覺(jué)） .1.It sounds a goo

7、d idea. 2.The sound sounds strange.3.Her voice sounds sweet. 4.Tom looks thin.5.The food smells delicious. 6.The food tastes good.7.The door remains open. 8.Now I feel tired.五、賓補(bǔ)五、賓補(bǔ)：對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充，全稱(chēng)為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。：對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充，全稱(chēng)為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1.We think it a pity that she didnt come. 2.We will make them happy. 3.We found nobo

8、dy in. 4.Please make yourself at home. 5.Dont let him do that. 6.His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 8.Dont keep the lights burning. 9.Ill have my bike repaired. 名詞名詞形容詞形容詞副詞副詞介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)省省to不定式不定式現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞帶帶to不定式不定式過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞六、定語(yǔ)六、定語(yǔ)：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。1.Ai Yanling

9、is a chemistry teacher. 2.He is our friend. 3.We belong to the third world. 4.He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 5.The man over there is my old friend. 6.The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. 7.The boys playing football are in Class 2. 8.The trees planted are growing well now.

10、9.I have an idea to do it well. 10.You should do everything that I do. 名詞名詞代詞代詞數(shù)詞數(shù)詞形容詞形容詞副詞副詞介詞介詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞不定式不定式定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句七、狀語(yǔ)七、狀語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾：用來(lái)修飾v., adj., adv., 或或 句子。句子。 表示時(shí)間、表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。 （以下例句按上述順序排列）（以下例句按上述順序排列）1.I will go there tomorrow. 2.The meeting wi

11、ll be held in the meeting room.3.The meat went bad because of the hot weather. 4.He studies hard to learn English well.5.He didnt study hard so that he failed in the exam. 6.I like some of you very much. 7.If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 8.He goes to school by bike. 9.Though he is young,

12、he can do it well. 時(shí)間時(shí)間地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)原因原因目的目的結(jié)果結(jié)果程度程度條件條件方式方式讓步讓步 Our school is not far from my home. 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you. 3. All of us considered him honest. 4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.5. He broke a piece of glass. 6. He made it clear that he would leave the cit

13、y7. You should study hard.8. Trees turn green when spring comes.9. They pushed the door open. 10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ) 主語(yǔ)雙賓動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)雙賓動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 形式賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ) it 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)雙賓動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)雙賓動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ) 翻翻 譯譯 練練 習(xí)習(xí) 1.每天八點(diǎn)開(kāi)始上課。每天八點(diǎn)開(kāi)始上課。 2.昨晚我寫(xiě)了一封信。昨晚我寫(xiě)了一封信。 3.這個(gè)報(bào)告聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思。這個(gè)報(bào)告聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思。 4.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。 5.我們叫她我們叫她A