大學英語電影賞析考試重點

1、精品文檔HolyBible»圣經KingArthur»皿瑟士«GreekMyths»希臘神話判斷、簡答題1 .五大電影公司：WarnerBrothers;Loew's-MGM;Fox;Radio-Keith-Orpheum(RKO);Paramount三小電影公司：Columbia;Universal;UnitedArtists2 .SoundandColorSoundwasintroducedbyWarnerBrothersinDonJuan.在華納公司的唐璜中引進Colorwasinitiallylimitedbyitsexpenseandc

2、rudity;yetbythe1930sthequalityhadimproved.最初受制于費用而且生硬，但到了1930年代質量得到了改善。3 .角色Themaincharacteristhemostimportantcharacterinafilm,andthecharacterofgreatestinterest.Usuallythemaincharacterisalsothe“protagonist”,thecharacterwhoseactionstriggerthechainofcausesandeffectsthatdrivetheplotforward.主要角色是電影中最重要的

3、角色，也是最具吸引力的角色。主要人物通常就是主角，其行動引起的原因，產生的影響推動著情節(jié)的發(fā)展。Secondarycharactersarethosewhointeractwiththeprotagonistandhavesignificantimpactonthedevelopmentofthenarrative.Theycanoftenbedividedintothreemainfunctions:theoppositioncharacter,themirrorcharacter,andtheromancecharacter.次要人物與主角交互，影響著敘事的發(fā)展。它們通?？梢苑譃槿齻€主要功

4、能：反派角色，鏡像角色和浪漫角色。Themirrorcharacteralsoknownasthe“support“isthecharactermostclearlyalignedwith,andsupportiveoftheprotagonist.Mirrorcharactersoffersupporttotheprotagonistthroughthedifficultiesheencounters,oftenbecausetheysharewithhimcertainbeliefsandattitudes.Theyhaveimportantdramaticfunctionofengagi

5、nginregulardialoguewiththeprotagonist,helpinghimtoformulatehisgoalsandatthesametimehelpingtheaudiencetobetterunderstandtheprotagonistscharacterandsituation.性格最明確，且贊同和支持主角的角色稱為鏡像角色。鏡像角色幫助主角度過難關，往往是因為他們與主角分享他們的某些信念和態(tài)度。他們有著重要的戲劇功能，定期對話主角，幫助主角制定目標，同時幫助觀眾更好地了解主角的性格和處境。4 .敘述Narrativereferstothewaythatasto

6、ryistold.Itisprincipallyconcernedwiththewaythateventsareorganizedintimeandspacethewayinwhichthescriptwriteranddirectortaketherawelementsofastoryandarrangetheminthemostattractiveandinterestingway.Narrativeachainofeventsincause-effectrelationshipsoccurringintimeandspace.敘述是指講述一個故事的方式。它主要關注的是事件在時間和空間上的

7、組織方式-編劇和導演以最有吸引力和最有趣的方式安排故事的原始元素。敘述一一在時間和空間上發(fā)生的一連串事件的因果關系。5 .九大故事Achilles,Candide,Cinderella,Circe,Faust,Orpheus,RomeoandJuliet,Tristan,andtheWanderingJew.阿喀琉斯（跟腱），老實人，灰姑娘，塞絲，“浮士德”，奧菲斯，“羅密歐與朱麗葉”，特里斯坦，流浪的猶太人。6 .主題Statedsimply,thethemeofafilmisitsmainpoint;itiswhatthescriptwriteranddirectorwanttotellu

8、s.Inmorepreciseterms,themeisthecontrollingideaofthefilm.Inadditiontoconstitutingageneralcommentaboutlife,thethemeisalsothecentralandcontrollingidea.Itisthatcenterofgravityaroundwhichalltheotherelementsofthefilm（genre,character,narrative,style）imperceptiblyrevolve.Itwouldbewrongtoassumethatthereisonl

9、yonethemeineveryfilm.Itisquitepossiblethatscriptwriter/directorhasintentionallyallowedforthecoexistenceofmorethanonetheme.簡單說來，一部電影的主題是其主要的點，它是編劇和導演想告訴我們的東西。更精確的講，主題是電影的控制思想。除了構成一個關于生活的總體評價，主題也是中央和控制思想。它是重心，圍繞這部電影的所有其他元素（流派，人物，敘事，風格）不知不覺地轉換。假設一部電影只有一個主題這是錯誤的。這很可能是編劇/導演有意允許多個主題共存。7 .七大主題BroadHumanCon

10、cernsLifePhilosophiesReligiousandEthicalConcernsHistoricalIssuesNationsandNationalCharacteristicsSocial/Cultural/TechnologicalChangesSocialProblems廣泛的人權問題人生哲理宗教和倫理問題歷史問題聯(lián)合國和民族特色。社會/文彳t/技術變革社會問題8 .動作片特征Thechiefcharacteristicsoftheactionfilmare:thedominationofthecinematic,theimage,andtechnology;thesim

11、plificationofnarrative,characterization,dialogueandtheme.Thenon-actionelementsofcinemaundergoconsiderablesimplificationintheactiongenre.Narrativestructureisreducedtothebasicformulaofchasefollowedbychase.Charactersarenotpsychologicallywelldeveloped;theyareusedinsteadasagentsand/orvictimsofthenextspec

12、tacularevent.Theself-deprecatinghumor.Thetoneofactionfilmislight-heartedandirreverent;theyself-consciouslymakefunofthemselves.Theinjectionofhumorintotheactionfilmhastheeffectofmakingitsviolenceanddestructionseemcomicandunreal.9 .愛情片的核心Theessenceoftheromanticfilmisthe“forceopposedtolove"that,byp

13、resentingobstaclestothelovers,turnsaloveaffairintoastory.Inthepastforcehastakentheformofso-called"blockingcharacters”.Traditionally,theblockingcharacterswouldbetheparentsofthelovers.Asparentalcontroloverchildrenhasrelaxed,andasthepossibilityofdivorcehasarisen,neitheroftheseforcesissufficientlyc

14、onvincingasanobstacle,andscriptwritershavehadtoemployothermechanismsforimpedingthecourseoftruelove.Anothermethodemployedbyromanticfilmsistostartfromtheso-calledunlikelycouple"scenario.Theunlikelycoupleconsistsoftwocharacterswhoarethoroughlyill-matched,perhapsbecausetheycomefromdifferentclassorr

15、acialbackgrounds,areofverydifferentagesoroccupations,oraretemperamentallyopposite,andthuswouldnotnormallybeexpectedtobecomelovers.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwocentralcharactersthusbecomethesourceoftheconflictanddifficultiesthatdrivetheplotforward.浪漫電影的本質是“力量反對愛”，把阻礙戀人轉變?yōu)橐粋€反對戀情的故事。在過去，力量已經有“阻礙角色”的稱謂了。傳

16、統(tǒng)上，阻礙角色是戀人的父母。作為父母對子女的控制放寬，離婚可能性的興起，這兩種力量足夠成為有說服力的障礙，在阻礙真愛的過程中，編劇不得不采用其他機制。浪漫的電影采用的另一種方法是從所謂的“不可能的情侶”的情況下開始。徹頭徹尾不匹配的兩個角色組成不可能的夫婦，也許是因為他們來自不同的階級或種族背景，是非常不同的年齡或職業(yè)，或性情相反的，因此通常不會被預期成為戀人。兩個主要角色之間的差異成為推動情節(jié)向前的沖突和困難的來源。10 .科幻片的特點Sciencefictionfilmsrulesouttheuseofanythingasmaterialwhichviolatesestablishedsc

17、iencefact,lawsofnature,callitwhatyouwill.Itmustbepossibletotheuniverseasweknowit.Theworldofsciencefictionmaybeunreal,butusuallyitwillbelogicallycoherent.Sciencefictionfilmshaveapropheticqualityandtrytoanticipateorpredictthefuture.Thepredictionstheyofferarecommonlybasedonaformofextrapolation:thatis,t

18、heypredictthefuturebasedontheassumptionthattrendsincontemporarysocietywillcontinueindefinitely.Sciencefictionfilmisawarning.Thisiswhatmighthappenifwecarryonthisway.Inparticular,sciencefictionfilmsexpresssocialanxietyabouttherateanddirectionoftechnologicalchange,doubtabouttheabilityofmankindtopredict

19、theconsequencesofthischange,andskepticismaboutthemotivesofthosewhopushfortechnologicaladvancement.Sciencefictionfilmsdisplayaprofoundlyambiguousattitudetowardsscienceandtechnology.Oftenthereisaveiledpoliticalsubtexttosciencefiction,withthealiensrepresentingthepolitical,racial,orethnic“other".Sc

20、iencefictionfilmsforceuslookatourselvesandourchoicesfromtheperspectiveofanimaginedfutureorfromtheperspectiveofanalienrace,andthustoconsiderthemafresh.Itisthisintellectual“openness"tonewideasandexperiencesthatmoststronglymarkssciencefictionasagenre,anddistinguishesitfromthe“closed“stanceofotherg

21、enre.科幻電影排除任何違反既定的科學事實為材料的使用規(guī)則和自然規(guī)律之外，什么都可以調用它。它必須是可能的宇宙，因為我們知道它?？苹檬澜缈赡苁遣徽鎸嵉?，但通常它會在邏輯上連貫?？苹秒娪坝幸粋€有質量的預言，并嘗試預測或預測未來。他們提供的預測通常是基于一種外推：那就是，他們預測未來是在當代社會的發(fā)展趨勢將繼續(xù)下去的基礎上的假設?？苹秒娪笆且粋€警告。如果我們繼續(xù)這樣下去可能會發(fā)生什么。科幻電影，尤其是表達社會對技術變革的速度和方向的焦慮，懷疑人類能夠預測這種變化的后果，以及那些推動技術進步的動機表示懷疑。科幻片顯示對科學和技術的深刻的曖昧態(tài)度。經常有一個含蓄的政治含意科幻小說，外星人代表政治、種

22、族、“其它”種族?？苹秒娪捌仁刮覀兿胂笠晕磥淼慕嵌?，或從一個外星種族的角度來看我們自己和我們的選擇，從而重新考慮它們。正是這種知識的“開放”，以新的思路和經驗，標志著最強烈的一個流派科幻小說的產生，它區(qū)別于其他類型的“封閉”立場。11 .恐怖片的三種敘述模式Narrativesconcerningmadmenandmentallydisturbedindividuals;Narrativesabouthorrificimaginarymonsters;Narrativesaboutabnormalhostileforcesenteringthelivesofhumanbeings.敘述瘋子和精

23、神病人；敘述可怕的假想怪物；敘述進入人類生活的異常敵對勢力，。«Braveheart對白IamWilliamWallace.AndIseeawholearmyofmycountrymenhereindefianceoftyranny.Youhavecometofightasfreemen,andfreemenyouare.Whatwouldyoudowithoutfreedom?Willyoufight?我是WilliamWallace,我現在看到的是一支為了反又英格蘭暴政而聚集的，我的同胞的軍隊.你們?yōu)樽杂蓙碜鲬?zhàn)，你們將會自由.可是，沒有自由你們怎么辦？你們會打嗎？Wallace:

24、Aye,fightandyoumaydie.Runandyou'lllive-atleastawhile.Anddyinginyourbedsmanyyearsfromnow,wouldyoubewillingtotradeallthedaysfromthisdaytothatforonechance,justonechancetocomebackhereandtellourenemiesthattheymaytakeourlives,butthey'llnevertakeourfreedom.戰(zhàn)斗，你們可能會死.逃跑可以存活-至少能有一會，很多年后，死在床上.你會愿意用這些年

25、的機會來交換一個機會，僅僅一個，回到這里，告訴敵人，他們可以奪走我們的生命，但是，絕對奪不走我們的自由It'syoushetakesafter.她跟你太像了It'sjustthatIsawyoustaringatmeandIdidn'tknowwhoyouwere.只是我看見你盯著我，我卻不知道你的名字.Sorry,IsupposeIwas.Areyouinthehabitofridingoffintherainwithstrangers?對不起.我以為我你有在雨中與陌生人騎馬的習慣？Itwasthebestwaytomakeyouleave.這是趕你離開的最佳方法.W

26、ell,ifIcaneverworkupthecouragetoaskyouagain,I'llsendyouawrittenwarningfirst好吧，如果我可以有勇氣再問你，我會給你警告.Itwouldn'tdoyoumuchgood.Ican'tread.那對你沒好處，我不識字.Canyounot?你不識字？No.不會Well,that'ssomethingweshallhavetoremedy,isn'tit.這是我們應該補償的，對吧？Areyoushowingoffnow?你在賣弄？That'sright.Areyouimpresse

27、dyet?是的，佩服了？No.WhyshouldIbe?沒有，我有那個必要么？Yes.BecauseeverysingledayIthoughtaboutyou.是的，我無時無刻不在想你.WilliamWallace'sfather:Yourheartisfree.Havethecouragetofollowit.你的心靈是自由的，用盡勇氣去追隨吧.There'sadifferencebetweenus.Youthinkthepeopleofthislandexisttoprovideyouwithposition.Ithinkyourpositionexiststoprovi

28、dethosepeoplewithfreedom.AndIgotomakesurethattheyhaveit.我們間的區(qū)別就是，你們認為這片土地的人民生存是為了供養(yǎng)你們階級，我卻認為你的階級應該給你的人民自由.我走了，確認他們是否得到了。Thekingdesirespeace.國王渴望和平Longshanksdesirespeace?長腳渴望和平？Hedeclaresittome,Iswearit.Heproposesthatyouwithdrawyourattack.Inreturnhegrantsyoutitle,estates,andthischestofgoldwhichIamtop

29、aytoyoupersonally他向我保證.，我發(fā)誓.他承諾你放棄進攻，他給你爵位和財產，這些錢是我個人的饋贈.Alordshipandtitles.Gold.ThatIshouldbecomeJudas?爵位和金錢，我就要當猶大？Peaceismadeinsuchways和平有多種方式促成.Slavesaremadeinsuchways.ThelasttimeLongshanksspokeofpeaceIwasaboy.AndmanyScottishnobles,whowouldnotbeslaves,wereluredbyhimunderaflagoftrucetoabarn,where

30、hehadthemhanged.Iwasveryyoung,butIrememberLongshank'snotionofpeace.WilliamWallace:Icamehometoraisecrops,andGodwilling,afamily.IfIcanliveinpeace,Iwill.Wallace:It'sallfornothingifyoudon'thavefreedom.WilliamWallace:GobacktoEnglandandtellthemthere,thatthedaughtersandsonsofScotlandareyoursnom

31、ore.TellthemScotlandisfree.奴隸同樣如此鑄成！上一次長腳提出和平時我還是孩子.很多蘇格蘭貴族，不愿意作奴隸的，被他引誘到谷倉，全部絞死.我那時很小，但是，我知道長腳所謂的和平.我回家，種地，如果上帝保佑，一家人可以的話.如果我可以和平的生存，我會的.如果沒有自由，一切都是虛幻.回到英格蘭，告訴他們，蘇格蘭的兒女不是你們的奴隸，蘇格蘭自由了！Ihavenothing.Menfightformebecauseiftheydonot,IthrowthemoffmylandandIstarvetheirwivesandchildren.Thosemenwhobledthegr

32、oundredatFalkirkfoughtforWilliamWallace.HefightsforsomethingthatIneverhad.AndItookitfromhim,whenIbetrayedhim.Isawitinhisfaceonthebattlefieldandit'stearingmeapart.我什么都沒有，人民跟我作戰(zhàn)，只是如果不這樣，我會沒收土地，餓死他們的妻兒.為WilliamWallace浴血奮戰(zhàn)的人，他們?yōu)榱宋覜]有的東西殊死斗爭，我出賣他時，我在他臉上看到了讓我汗顏的東西Allmenbetray!Allloseheart.所有人被出賣，所有人失去信

33、念Idon'twanttoloseheart!Iwanttobelieveashedoes!我不想失去！我希望有和他一樣的信念！Whydoyouhelpme?為什么幫我Becauseofthewayyouarelookingatmenow“你眼中的豪情。”Thekingwillbedeadinamonthandhissonisaweakling.Whodoyouthinkisgoingtorulethiskingdom?；实勖痪瞄L，太子懦弱，將來誰當權？Youtellyourking,thatWilliamWallacewillnotberuled.NorwillanyScotwhi

34、leI'malive.告訴你的國王，WilliamWallace不會屈服于統(tǒng)治，在我活著時，所有蘇格蘭人都是!BeautyandBeast»對白1、Althoughhehadeverythinghishearteddisired,theprincewasspoiled,selfishandunkind.雖然他擁有了一切他想得到的東西，但這個王子被寵壞了，他的脾氣非常暴躁，而且自私。2、Anoldwomancometothecastleandofferedhimasingleroseinreturnforshelterfromthebittercold.一個老太婆來到城堡，給了

35、王子一朵玫瑰花，希望能夠換得一處棲身之所，以躲避嚴寒。3、Repulsedbyherhaggardappearance,theprincesneeredatthegiftandturnedtheoldwomanaway.王子嫌棄她形如枯槁的面容，不屑于衣衫襤褸老太婆手里的玫瑰，并且殘忍地把她趕走。4、There'salotofgirlintownwho'dlovetobeinyourshoes.這個鎮(zhèn)子里很多姑娘們都希望能像你一樣。t deserve you.5、Imspeechless;Idontknowwhattosay.Ijustdon我真不知道說什么好。我只是覺得我不適

36、合你。6、Youhavemyword!我保證！7、Gaston,you'vegettopullyourselftogether.鎮(zhèn)靜下來，重新振作起來8、Nowthewheelsinmyheadhavebeenturning.現在，我的腦子在不停轉動。9、Mywhataguy.我的偶像，我了不起的伙伴。10、I'vegotmyheartssetonmarryingbelle.我已經決定要娶belle做我的妻子。ThePrinceofEgypt»對白Priest:Mychildrenjetusgivethanksforthisbountifulfood.Andletus

37、alsogivethanksforthepresenceofthisbrave,youngmanwhomwehonorheretonight.Moses:Please,sir.Iwishyouwouldn't.I'vedonenothinginmylifeworthhonoring.Priest:First,yourescueTzipporahfromEgypt,thenyoudefendmyyoungerdaughtersfrombrigands.Youthinkthatisnothing?Itseemsyoudonotknowwhatisworthyofhonor.Asin

38、glethreadinatapestry掛毯中的一根線Thoughitscolorbrightlyshine就算十分光彩奪目Canneverseeitspurposeinapattenofthegranddesign它也無法體會到整體設計的美感Andthestonethatsitsontheverytopofthemountain'smightyface大山雄偉山頂上最頂端的石頭Doesitthinkit'smoreimportantthanthestonesthatfromthebase它認為比山底的石頭更為重要嗎Sohowcanyouseewhatyourlifeiswor

39、thorwhereyourvaluelies你怎么知道你生命的價值或你價值之所在Youcanneverseethroughtheeyesofman凡人無法衡量Youmustloodatyoutlife,lookatyourlifethroughheaven'seyes你得透過上天的眼睛來衡量你生命的價值Alakeofgoldinthedesertsandislessthanacool,freshspring沙漠中一湖的黃金也比不上一股清泉Andtoonelostsheepashepherdboyisgreaterthantherichestking對迷途的羔羊來說牧羊人比最富的國王偉大

40、Ifamanloseeverythingheowns失去一切的人Hashetrulylosthisworth難道就沒有價值了嗎Orisitthebeginningofanewandbrighterbirth也許這正是燦爛新生的開端Sohowdoyoumeasuretheworthofaman該怎樣衡量一個人的價值Inwealthorstrengthorsize以財富、力量或大??？Inhowmuchhegainedorhowmuchhegave以獲得或付出的多少？Theanswerwillcome,theanswerwillcometohimwhotriestolookathislifethroughheaven'seyes這一切都將會有答案，只要他透過上天的眼睛衡量生命Andthat'swhyweshareallwehavewithyouthoughthere'slittletobefound這就是為什么我們與你分享我們的所有盡管我們家徒四壁Whenallyou'vegotisn