市語法分詞公開課

1、 -by Xu Wen yanSuzhou No.5 High School八灘中學(xué)高二英語備課組八灘中學(xué)高二英語備課組非謂語Infinitive 不定式不定式 (to) do Participle分詞分詞Gerund 動名詞（動名詞（-ing)a swimming pool過去分詞過去分詞(-ed)Past particle現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)Present participlea swimming boy非謂語動詞分類動詞動詞-ing形式形式成分成分形式形式主語主語 賓語賓語賓賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)表表語語定定語語狀語狀語不定式不定式動名詞動名詞分詞分詞必備清單必備清單非謂語動詞的句法功能歸納非謂

2、語動詞的句法功能歸納現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別非謂語動詞復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞復(fù)習(xí)1.People who are very fat_(consume) unusally large quantities of food every day.2.People _(consume) unusallylarge quantities of food every day are very fat.3.The TV show , Chinas Got Talent, has a large audience, _(range) from children to old people.

3、.4.The dish _(taste) delicious is liked by everyone.5.The amount of water _(take) from the river is rising.6.There was a _(confuse) look on his face, because he met with a_(confuse) problem. 分詞做定語分詞做定語consumeconsumingrangingtastingtakenconfusedconfusing現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動作現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動作正在發(fā)生正在發(fā)生或與謂語動作同或與謂語動作同時（或

4、基本同時）發(fā)生，與所修飾的詞是時（或基本同時）發(fā)生，與所修飾的詞是主動關(guān)主動關(guān)系或主謂關(guān)系系或主謂關(guān)系及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表完成或被動完成或被動的動作，的動作，與所修飾的詞是與所修飾的詞是被動關(guān)系或動賓關(guān)系被動關(guān)系或動賓關(guān)系；不及物動；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語詞的過去分詞作定語只表完成不表被動只表完成不表被動的動作。的動作。 落葉：落葉：the fallen leaves 1)The problem _(discuss) now is of great importance. 2)The problem _(discuss) yesterday is of gr

5、eat importance. 3)The problem _(discuss) tomorrow is of great importance. Exercisesbeing discusseddiscussedto be discussed注意時態(tài)的選擇注意時態(tài)的選擇分詞做表語分詞做表語 The book is so interesting that we are interested in it.The boy was disappointing.His parents felt disappointed.amazed / amazing, excited / exciting, bor

6、ed / boring, annoyed / annoying, interested / interesting, tired / tiring,surprised / surprising, worried/ worrying , satisfied / satisfying amused / amusing , convinced/convincing , puzzled/puzzingconfused/ confusing, embarrassed/ embarrassing disappointed/disappointing , shocked/ shocking現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞多表示

7、主語所具有的分詞多表示主語所具有的特征特征或或?qū)傩詫傩裕贿^去過去分分詞多表示主語所處的詞多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示。現(xiàn)在分詞表示“令人令人的的”，過去分詞表示，過去分詞表示“感到感到”.常見的分詞有：常見的分詞有：（跟在系動詞后（跟在系動詞后:be/stay/remain/become/feel/get）get+done You will get punished some day. 總有一天你會受到懲罰的?？傆幸惶炷銜艿綉土P的。We had no time to get changed, because there were only five minutes left.迷路迷

8、路 _ 穿衣服穿衣服_測試測試 _ 分手分手_習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于_ 遭受遭受_得到報酬得到報酬_ 得到提拔得到提拔_get stuck in_get lostget dressedget testedget separatedget used toget caught inget paidget promoted陷入了陷入了 1.The 2008 Olympic Games held in Beijing turned out to be a great success.Everyone was _(satisfied/satisfying) with efforts that the Chines

9、e government made.2. Many people were_(shocking/shocked) when scientists announced that they had cloned the first human embryo.3.It was _(encouraging/ encouraged) to see the Chinese womens volleyball team overcome all kinds of difficulties to win their match.4.Please remain _(seat) until the plane h

10、as come to a complete stop. 5.The boy remained_(sit) when the teacher came in .6.While waiting for the opportunity to get _(promote), she did her best to perform his duty.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空seatedsittingpromoted取決于分詞與賓語的關(guān)系：取決于分詞與賓語的關(guān)系：主動主動關(guān)系，用關(guān)系，用doing被動被動關(guān)系，用關(guān)系，用done。 例如例如1.I found

11、 them painting the windows. 2. I found the windows painted. 主動關(guān)系主動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系（現(xiàn)在分詞表（現(xiàn)在分詞表主動、進(jìn)行主動、進(jìn)行）（過去分詞表（過去分詞表被動、完成被動、完成）分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語1)I often saw Mary _ (dance) in the gym .Mary was often seen _ (dance)in the gym.2)I saw Mary _ (dance) in the gym at that time.Mary was seen _(dance) in the gym

12、at that time3)I saw Mary _ (praise) by her teacher in the classroom.Mary was seen _ (praise) by her teacher in the classroom.感官動詞：感官動詞：see, hear, feel, ,notice, observe.+賓語賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語_danceto dancedancingdancingpraisedpraised（do/doing/done)比較下列句子比較下列句子:1)He often has/gets me _/_(clean) the blackbo

13、ard.2)They have the fire _ (burn) all night. 3)The weather was very cold, he couldnt get his car_(run)4)He had his house _(break) into last week.5)Who did Mr Smith have /get_/_(write) an article for the newspaper.cleanto cleanburningrunningbrokenwriteto writedodoingdoneto do doingdone歸納歸納have +賓語賓語+

14、賓語補(bǔ)足語（賓語補(bǔ)足語（_/_/_）get+賓語賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語_/_/_）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1)He left the room, leaving the food_(untouch)He left the fire_(burn) all the night. 2)Im so sorry to keep you _(wait）.The story kept me _(remind) of the past.3)They made their child_(study) late.We make the customers _(convince) of

15、the quality of the products.4)They caught him _ (cheat) in the mid-term examination.5)The cook was caught _(smoke) in the kitchen. 6)I found the dog _(tie) to the tree. I found the dog _(lie) on the ground.untouchedburingstudyconvincedwaitingremindedcheatingsmokingtiedlying請歸納請歸納 leave / keep /make

16、/ catch / find 后接賓語后接賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法：賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法：With +賓語賓語+賓補(bǔ)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：賓補(bǔ)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：1）With him solving so many difficult problems, he could travel with his wife.2）With so many difficult problems solved, he could travel with his wife.3）With so many difficult problems to solve, he couldnt travel with his wife.用所給詞的適

17、當(dāng)形式填空：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1)-Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. -Sorry, with so much work_(fill) my mind, I almost break down2) -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.-Sorry, with my mind _(fill) with so much work, I almost break down3)With a lot of readings _ (complete), I

18、 must make a good plan. 4)He had to come back home with his money_/_/_(用光）用光）fillingfilledto completerunning out run out otused up1）We have to take environmental protection into consideration_ (當(dāng)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的時候當(dāng)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的時候) the economy 2)_(由于不知道由于不知道)what to do ,Tom turned to his teacher for help.3)The earthqua

19、ke happened around mid- might ,thus _(造成）造成）much damage.4)_（如果沿著街道直走）（如果沿著街道直走）straight down this road, you will see the post office on your left. 5). _(盡管他整天工作盡管他整天工作) all day and all night, he couldnt support his family.6）The students came in, _(跟在老師的跟在老師的后面后面) their teacher. 分詞做狀語分詞做狀語1.現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語現(xiàn)在

20、分詞做狀語A:ving形式形式(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)可作時間、可作時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語，除伴隨狀語可改原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語，除伴隨狀語可改為并列句，其它的則可改成相應(yīng)的狀語從句為并列句，其它的則可改成相應(yīng)的狀語從句(when) developingNot knowingcausingWalking (Though) Working following1)_ (hear) the bad news, they couldnt help crying.2) _(not receive) a reply , he decided to write again.3) _

21、(observe) the problem for many years , he announced that we are now facing the biggest environmental problem of our time.4) Dina,_(struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took aposition at alocal advertising agency.5)_(show) around the Birds Nest, tourists were then taken to visit

22、the Water Cube.B:動詞動詞ing形式形式(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)作狀語時與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時或作狀語時與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生，幾乎同時發(fā)生，having done表示先于謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生的動作表示先于謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生的動作Not having receivedHaving observedhaving struggledHaving been shownHearing He hurried to the station，only _(find) the train had left. He hurried to the station，onl

23、y _(tell) the train had left. The factory keeps releasing smoke, _(make) air_(pollute).(使空氣被污染）使空氣被污染） The factory keeps releasing smoke, _(使空氣被污染使空氣被污染,用定語從句翻譯用定語從句翻譯) 2:不定式與動詞不定式與動詞ing形式形式(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)作結(jié)果狀語的比較作結(jié)果狀語的比較不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示意想不到的結(jié)果；而動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示意想不到的結(jié)果；而動詞ing形式形式(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)作結(jié)果狀作結(jié)果狀語表示自然而然的結(jié)果。語表示自然而

24、然的結(jié)果。to findto be toldmakingpollutedwhich makes air polluted寫出下列句子的同義句寫出下列句子的同義句1）When he was questioned about the accident, he kept silent. =(When)_ about the accident, he kept silent.2)If they had been given more attention,the trees would have grown better.=(If)_more attention, the trees would hav

25、e grown better.3)Lily made great progress at school, as she was encouraged by her teacher. = _by her teacher, Lily made great progress at school.4)Though he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret=_by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.5)She sat by the window, lost in thou

26、ght. =She sat by the window, _ in thought.過去分詞可作時間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語。過去分詞可作時間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等狀語。除伴隨狀語可改為并列句其它的則可改成相應(yīng)的狀語從句除伴隨狀語可改為并列句其它的則可改成相應(yīng)的狀語從句questionedGivenEncouraged (Though)Beaten and was lost3.3.過去分詞做狀語過去分詞做狀語Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even moreSeeing from the top of the hill ，w

27、e find the park even more beautiful. 被動關(guān)系被動關(guān)系主 動 關(guān)主 動 關(guān)系系特別提示：特別提示：作狀語時，是用現(xiàn)在分詞還是用過去分詞，取決于作狀語時，是用現(xiàn)在分詞還是用過去分詞，取決于該動詞與句子主語之間的關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語，與句子主該動詞與句子主語之間的關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語，與句子主語之間在邏輯上是動賓關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，句子主語與語之間在邏輯上是動賓關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，句子主語與它之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系。它之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系。 4.4.分詞做狀語的比較分詞做狀語的比較 1）_in his work, he had no time to pla

28、y .(bury) _ himself in his work, he had no time to play 2）_ with trouble, he showed great courage.(face) _ trouble, he never gives up 3）_on practice, the theory is credible. (base) _ theory on practice, you will find it credible. 4）_ (compare) with English ,Chinese is more difficult. _(compare) Chin

29、ese with English , I find English easier. _(compare) the two kinds of cultures , and you will find some differences.Buried Burying Faced Facing Based Basing Compared Comparing Compare 5.分詞作狀語的基本原則：分詞作狀語的基本原則： 分詞作狀語時，分詞作狀語時， 分詞的邏輯主語分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致。必須與句子的主語保持一致。判斷正誤：判斷正誤：a. Entering the classroom,

30、 I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it. 2. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. 3. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. I was reading the evening newspaper w

31、hen a dog started barking. ( )1. Living near the sea, _.we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight healthy air and beautiful sight is what we enjoyC. it is healthy air and beautiful sight we enjoy D. so we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight practic TTT6. 有時可在有時可在doing/ done 前可加連詞前可加連詞: when, while,

32、 once, after , if, unless, though等表示時間，條件，讓步等但等表示時間，條件，讓步等但分詞的邏輯主語必須和主句中的主語一致。分詞的邏輯主語必須和主句中的主語一致。1) Anyone , once _ (test)positive for H7N9 flu virus , will receive medical treatment from our government. 2) While / When _(cook), she cut one of her fingers.3) I wont go to the party unless _（invite).4

33、) Though / Although _(have) lots of money, he is not happy.testedcookinginvitedhaving7.獨(dú)立成分作狀語獨(dú)立成分作狀語 有些分詞作狀語時，其形式的選用不受上下文的影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分有些分詞作狀語時，其形式的選用不受上下文的影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分 或插入語。常見的有：或插入語。常見的有： 例如例如 _his accent ,he is from the south . _your health , you d better have a rest .一般而言一般而言/坦率地說坦率地說/ 嚴(yán)格地說嚴(yán)格地說_根據(jù)根據(jù)來判

34、斷來判斷_考慮到考慮到；鑒于；鑒于_如果如果_generally / frankly/ strictly speakingjudging from /byconsidering / taking into considerationsupposing / providing /provided thatJudging fromConsidering二二. 找邏輯主語找邏輯主語三、分析語態(tài)三、分析語態(tài)四、分析時態(tài)四、分析時態(tài)一一. 辨別辨別“謂與非謂謂與非謂” 非謂語動詞解題步驟非謂語動詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語，析語態(tài)，定時態(tài)謂非謂，找主語，析語態(tài)，定時態(tài)1.She was

35、found sitting in her wheelchair, completely _ in a fashion magazine her son had just bought.Aabsorbing Bbeing absorbed Cabsorbed Dto absorb2._ to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked3.The old man, _abroad for twenty years

36、, is on the way back to his motherland.to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked 4. _ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.A.Working out BWorked out CTo work out DWork out5.We all know that, _, the situation will get worsenot if dealt carefully wi

37、th B.if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D.not if carefully dealt with 6.The players _from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected7.Today there are more airplanes_ morepeople than ever before in t