DQL-6型光學(xué)測(cè)樹羅盤儀

1、DQL-6型光學(xué)測(cè)樹羅盤儀 OPTICAL COMPASS MODEL DQL-6INSTRUCTION 哈 爾 濱 光 學(xué) 儀 器 廠HARBIN OPTICAL INSTRUMENT FACTORY CHINA一、 用途DQL-6型光學(xué)測(cè)樹羅盤儀，適用于森林資源調(diào)查中的各種測(cè)量工作。如距離、高差、方位、水平、坡角等。同時(shí)，可以測(cè)定和標(biāo)定樹干任意部位的高度和直徑，每公頃胸高斷面積、立木行率、區(qū)分求積、造材求積等。也可用于農(nóng)田水利、土地規(guī)劃、地形測(cè)繪等一般工程測(cè)量。二、 主要技術(shù)參數(shù) 望遠(yuǎn)鏡：放大倍率16x有效孔徑20mm視場(chǎng)角.230視距乘常數(shù).50，100視距加常數(shù)0最短視距2m 磁羅盤：

2、 磁針長(zhǎng)度.67mm 度盤格值.1 豎直盤： 度盤格值.1 游標(biāo)值.6 測(cè)高量程.40m 水準(zhǔn)器： 圓水準(zhǔn)器15/2mm三、 儀器結(jié)構(gòu) 儀器主要由望遠(yuǎn)鏡組、豎盤組、羅盤組、安平組四部分組成，見圖1。望遠(yuǎn)鏡組1為16倍內(nèi)調(diào)焦式，并可在垂直面內(nèi)作360度回轉(zhuǎn)，它不僅用來(lái)瞄準(zhǔn)和測(cè)距，而且在分劃板上沒(méi)有測(cè)徑標(biāo)尺可用來(lái)測(cè)定樹干直徑。豎盤組不僅是望遠(yuǎn)鏡的回轉(zhuǎn)軸支架，而且裝有與望遠(yuǎn)鏡同步轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的豎直羅盤，盤面上刻有水平距為10m、20m、15m、30m的測(cè)高尺2，在水平距30m處可測(cè)量40m高度。盤面下部還刻有角度尺4，可供傾角測(cè)量用。為操作方便，備有橫軸止動(dòng)螺旋3和微調(diào)螺旋5，可用于精確調(diào)整。羅盤組由磁針1

3、0和磁針度盤9組成。主要用于磁方位測(cè)量，為保證測(cè)量精度，羅盤合上還裝有圓形水準(zhǔn)器11。安平機(jī)構(gòu)6是球臼式機(jī)構(gòu)，即可以與三腳架連接，又可以隨意調(diào)節(jié)，可迅速方便將儀器安平。四、 使用方法1、 基本操作1. 儀器安平 將儀器穩(wěn)固的裝置在三腳架上，并使儀器的各可調(diào)部位均處中間狀態(tài)，調(diào)整球臼機(jī)構(gòu)使羅盤之園水準(zhǔn)器氣泡居中。2. 望遠(yuǎn)鏡調(diào)節(jié) 首先旋轉(zhuǎn)目鏡視度圈，使眼睛清晰的看清分劃板十字絲，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)儀器使望遠(yuǎn)鏡粗瞄準(zhǔn)器大致瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)或標(biāo)尺，在調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)輪，使之清晰的看清目標(biāo)。2、 方位測(cè)量安平儀器，放開磁針止動(dòng)螺旋7，望遠(yuǎn)鏡十字絲豎絲瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)，待磁針靜止后，即可讀取該目標(biāo)方位。3、 距離測(cè)量 調(diào)節(jié)望遠(yuǎn)鏡至清晰的看清標(biāo)

4、尺刻度，讀取上、下夾距絲在標(biāo)尺上所間隔的公分?jǐn)?shù)，乘以常數(shù)50，即得出儀器中心到標(biāo)尺的距離；如讀取上、中兩絲或中、下兩絲在標(biāo)尺上所間隔的公分?jǐn)?shù)，則乘以常數(shù)100，即得出儀器中心到標(biāo)尺的實(shí)際距離。在測(cè)量時(shí)為了讀數(shù)方便，可以少量轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)微調(diào)螺旋5，使之其中一橫絲處于標(biāo)尺上公分整數(shù)亦可。4、 角度測(cè)量 儀器安平后，調(diào)節(jié)望遠(yuǎn)鏡通過(guò)分劃板橫絲瞄準(zhǔn)被測(cè)目標(biāo)后，可以在豎直度盤的角度尺上直接讀取角度。5、 高度測(cè)量 根據(jù)作業(yè)和實(shí)際需要，可將儀器安置在水平距為10m、15m、20m、30m任意一點(diǎn)，安平儀器后，用望遠(yuǎn)鏡橫絲瞄準(zhǔn)被測(cè)目標(biāo)，然后可以在豎直度盤所對(duì)應(yīng)的水平距高度尺上讀取其高度（見圖2 a、b）a、平地測(cè)高時(shí)

5、，仰角高度加儀器高度為總高度。b、坡地測(cè)高時(shí)，仰角高度加俯角高度為總高。圖二6、 上部直徑測(cè)量將儀器安置于適當(dāng)水平距離處（根據(jù)作業(yè)環(huán)境任意選定），儀器安平后通過(guò)望遠(yuǎn)鏡用常數(shù)100觀測(cè)被測(cè)樹木的水平距離在分劃板上間隔的公分?jǐn)?shù)，然后再用望遠(yuǎn)鏡橫絲瞄準(zhǔn)待測(cè)高度部位，并讀取所對(duì)應(yīng)的仰角a，在調(diào)整水平微調(diào)螺旋，使望遠(yuǎn)鏡分劃板上測(cè)徑標(biāo)尺零線對(duì)準(zhǔn)樹干一測(cè)，讀取樹干另一測(cè)在測(cè)徑標(biāo)尺上的讀數(shù)d，則樹干上部直徑D可按下式計(jì)算：計(jì)測(cè)實(shí)例： 圖3所示，儀器至樹干的水平距離為18m，則在望遠(yuǎn)鏡分劃板中讀得S=18cm，儀器瞄準(zhǔn)待測(cè)高度部位時(shí)的仰角a=3030，樹干在分劃板測(cè)徑標(biāo)尺上。（如圖3）圖 三圖 四樹干在分劃板上

6、讀數(shù)為1.2讀數(shù)值d=1.2（見圖4）。則該部位樹干直徑為在測(cè)量上部直徑的同時(shí)，亦可在測(cè)高尺上讀得該部位的高度。五、 儀器保養(yǎng)及注意事項(xiàng)1、 儀器出廠前已經(jīng)過(guò)校驗(yàn)，如儀器經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)途運(yùn)輸、碰撞、劇烈震動(dòng)或長(zhǎng)期不曾使用時(shí)，在使用時(shí)，在使用前應(yīng)對(duì)圓形水準(zhǔn)器安平精度進(jìn)行檢查，如有誤可通過(guò)三個(gè)帶孔螺釘8進(jìn)行校正。2、 儀器使用完畢后，應(yīng)將磁針鎖住以免軸尖磨損。各調(diào)整機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)復(fù)中間狀態(tài)，各制動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)妥善鎖緊。3、 儀器應(yīng)保存在干燥清潔處，防止各光學(xué)件生霉及金屬件銹蝕。4、 使用中望遠(yuǎn)鏡光學(xué)零件表面應(yīng)避免污物觸及，儀器經(jīng)維修或拆裝后，必須重新校準(zhǔn)后方可使用。六、 儀器成套性1、 光學(xué)測(cè)樹羅盤儀.1臺(tái)2、 皮 合

7、.1個(gè)3、 三腳架.1付4、 校正針.1支5、 使用說(shuō)明書1份6、 合格證.1份7、 電子計(jì)算器（由用戶選訂的配件套）L I S TUseTechnical Data c)measurement of distanceStructure d) measurement of anglesInstructions for use e) measurement of heighta) preparation for measuring f) measurement of diameterb) azimuthal orientation NoticeUse Optical Compass Model

8、DQL-6 is applicable to surveys in forestry resources. For example, distance, differential altitude, azimuthal orientation, slope angle, trees height or diameter, etc. Besides, its suitable for agriculture, hydraulic engineering, geology and general engineering.Technical Data Telescope Magnification

9、16x Clear object aperture 20mm Field of view 230 Stadia multiplication constant 50.100 Stadia additive constant 0 Shortest focusing distance 2mCompass The division unit of dial 1 Vertical dial The division unit of dial 1 Vernier scale 6 Measuring height range 40m Precision of circular bubble 15/2mm

10、Weight 1kg Size 130x100x220(mm)Structure Model DQL-6 is made up of telescope, vertical dial, compass and leveling unit. See Fig1 Fig11) telescope2) backing-up screw for telescope3) angles scale4) slow motion screw for telescope5) height dial6) eye lens7) adjusting screw with hole 8) backing-up screw

11、 for needle9) leveling unit10) horizontal dial11) needle12) cirular bubble Instructi ons for usea) Preparation for measuringFirst screw the instrument on the tripod, then adjust the leveling unit for keeping the circular bubble in the center. And all the adjustable parts should be kept in the proper

12、 position (not in the limit). In measuring, the telescope is the main part for taking aim, first adjust the eye lens till the cross hairs can be seen clearly through the eye lens, then adjust the focusing wheel up to the target can be seen clearly, too. In this case, you can begin your work.b) Azimu

13、thal orientation First release the needle by turning the button for needle and make the vertical line on the reticule plate in the same line with the target. Well you can get the reading after keeping the needle still.c) Measurement of distance First adjust the telescope till the scale on the rod ca

14、n be seen clearly. If you get the reading on the rod between the up line and the down line on the reticule plate, the reading must time 50 and this is the distance form instrument to the rod. And if you get the reading on the rod between the middle line and the up line or the domn line, the number m

15、ust time 100 and this is the distance you wanted. You also can turn the slow motion screw for telescope 4 for getting reading easily.d) Measurement of angles First adjust the telescope and make the horizontal line on the reticule plate in the same line with the measured target. Then the angles degre

16、es can be read straight off the scales of angles scale.e) Measurement of height Put the instrument at any point from distance of 10m, 15m, 20m or 30m, then adjust the telescope as in paragraph d) above. Now the height of tree can be got from the height dial.(See Fig 2 a,b)f) Measurement of diameter

17、Put the instrument in the proper position that you wanted. First measuring the horizontal distance(s) from instrument to the tree, then measuring the angle of elevation(a). After this turn the slow motion screw 4), as soon as the “zero” hair line concides with one sicle of the tree, you can get the

18、number (d) on the horizontal hair line (d is from “zero” to the other side of the tree). Well you can count the diameter according to the formula. For example (See Fig3、4) S=18cm a=3030 d=1.2 thenNote: At the same time, you can measure the height of the trees same part.abFig2Fig3Fig4Notice1. The instrument has been adjusted before leaving factory. Please check the circular bubble before using it. If its not in the center, you can adjust again with the three adj