What__和that_在名詞性從句中的用法區(qū)別

1、What 和that 在名詞性從句中的用法區(qū)別What 和that 都可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。一在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，從屬連詞that一般要注意三個(gè)不（three nos）：1不省略（no ellipsis）當(dāng)從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that不省略。Eg. 1) That he was able to come made us happy. (That 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句不可省略)2)The truth is that I didnt go there. (that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句不可省略)3)The news that our team has won is true. (th

2、at引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句不可省略)但在非正式文體中that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以省略，除下列兩種情況外：that在賓語(yǔ)從句中不能省略的情況. (1). 在主+謂+it(形式賓語(yǔ))+賓補(bǔ)+that， 從句(真正賓語(yǔ)) 的句型中不省略. Eg: 4) He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.（that不可以省略）他很明確地說(shuō)他寧愿學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。(2). 由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo) 的賓語(yǔ)從句中, 則第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句前的that不省略。 Eg: 5) He told me that he would come and that

3、he would come on time.（第一個(gè)That可以省略，但第二個(gè)that不可以省略。)他告訴我他將來(lái)而且他將準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)。2不作成分（no component）that 在名詞性從句中不作任何句子成分。Eg. 6)Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.（that在句中引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，但在句中不作任何成分） 7)That you dont like him is none of my business. (that在

4、句中引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，但在句中不作任何成分，也不省略）3 沒(méi)詞義（no meaning）that 在名詞性從句中沒(méi)有漢語(yǔ)意思。Eg. 8)That she is a rich woman is known to us. (that在句中引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，但在句中沒(méi)有漢語(yǔ)意義) 她是一個(gè)很有錢(qián)的女子，這一點(diǎn)我們都知道。 9）The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him. (that在句中引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，但在句中沒(méi)有漢語(yǔ)意義） 他也許會(huì)考試失敗，這一想法使他很擔(dān)心。二在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)， What一般要注意一個(gè)不（one no）,一個(gè)有（me

5、aning）,一個(gè)作（component）：1不省略what 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，what 在句中不省略。這一用法與that 用法不盡相同。eg. 10) What I had for breakfast today was rice with egg.(what 在句中引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，what 不省略) 11)-I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes , it could be . -I wonder what we can do about. (what在句中引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，但在句中不省略）2有詞義what 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，有詞義。一般是“-的東

6、西/事情/話等”這一用法與that 用法不一樣eg. 1) This is what she wanted to show us. (what在句中引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，在句中有詞義，意思是“-的東西、事情）這是她想讓我們看的東西。 12）What the teacher said had a good effect on the children. (what在句中引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，在句中有詞義，意思是“-的東西、事情）老師所說(shuō)的話對(duì)孩子們有很好的作用。3作成分what 在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在從句中充當(dāng)成分。這一用法與that 用法不一樣。Eg. 13)It doesnt matter what he

7、said.( it 是形式主語(yǔ)，what 在句中引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。What 在主語(yǔ)從句中作said 的賓語(yǔ)。) 14）It was true _Alice did surprised her mother.A. that what B. what that C. that that D. all what 評(píng)析：這一題正確答案是A。it在句中是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句that Alice did surprised her mother.，在這個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中，what 又引導(dǎo)了主語(yǔ)從句what Alice did，what在從句中作did 的賓語(yǔ)。三要特別提醒同學(xué)們的兩點(diǎn)：1. What

8、所引導(dǎo)的從句可以在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，而that從句一般不可以。Eg： 15）After months of voyage ,Columbus arrived in _later proved to be a new continent.A. where B. which C. what D. that 評(píng)析：答案是C。因?yàn)樵诮樵~in 后面，應(yīng)該用what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，what在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。而that不可以這樣用。 16) On stepping into his room, he was astonished to find the floor covered with _looked l

9、ike tiny insects. A. that B. something C. what D. anything 評(píng)析：答案是C。因?yàn)樵诮樵~with 后面，應(yīng)該用what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，what在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。而that不可以這樣用。2.that可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，而且是定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞中的頂梁柱，它在定語(yǔ)從句中要充當(dāng)成分，通常作定語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。同時(shí)that也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在名詞性從句中that 不充當(dāng)成分。 但What不可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。它只可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,在句中相當(dāng)于 what =all that ,what 在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，常常作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。Eg: 1

10、7).All _I want to know is what he meant . A. that B. which C. what D. whatever評(píng)析：答案是A.本題是that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。而what不可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。What=all that .又因?yàn)橄刃性~是all ，故其后不可以接which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。而. Whatever=anything that /no matter what 從意義和語(yǔ)法都不符合。所以只能選A,that. 18) _impressed me most was _such a little boy could play the violin so

11、 well. A. That ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. What ; what 評(píng)析：答案是B.第一空是what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，并在主語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。第二空是that 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，that在表語(yǔ)從句中不省略，不作成分，也沒(méi)詞義。要真正掌握What 和that 在名詞性從句中的用法，還得多多操練,熟能生巧（Practice makes perferct）。練習(xí)：一改錯(cuò)題：1.What we all like him is certain. 2.He left is certain.I wished that we could go to

12、 Beijing this summer and we could buy some books on our way back4.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway. 5.The idea which the world may be destroyed by nuclear weapons came to him.6.The news our team has won is true. 7.He said that he had made a big mistake and he felt very sorry f

13、or it. 8.The reason he did not come is he was ill. 9.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway. 10 .When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly that he wants.Keys: 1.(whatThat) 2.(he 前加that) 3.（在and 后加that）4.（在the car前加t

14、hat） 5.(whichthat) 6.(在news 后加that ) 7.(第一個(gè)that可以省略，但第二個(gè)that不可以省略。所以要在and 后加that) 8.（在is 后加that)） 9.（在fact后加that）10. (將that 改 what)二）高考題：1192 It worried her a bit _ her hair was turned grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for 1293 _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C.

15、The fact D. The matter 1396 _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What / what B. What / that C. That / that D. That / what 1498 _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 1501 A computer can only do _ youve instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what

16、D. when Keys:11-15 BAAAC三）選擇題：16Air to us is _water to fish. A. what B. that C. / D. like 17China is not _ it used to be . A. that B. what C. which D. / 18. After _seemed to be ten years later, he returned to his hometown. A. what B. that C. / D. which 19.There are signs _restaurants are becoming mo

17、re popular with families. A. that B. which C. in which D. whose 20.It is pretty well understood _controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C . what D. how 21._fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culture differences from one aspect. A. Wh

18、at B. That C. This D. Which 22.-What made her parents so angry ? -_ she had failed in the exam. A. As B. Because C. Since D. That 23.Information has been put forward _more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 24.-Are you still thinking about yest

19、erdays game ?-Oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 25.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need _. A. that , to be improved B. which , to be improved C. where, improvin

20、g D. when , improving26.Word has come _some foreign guests will come to our school. A. that B. whether C. which D. what 27.No one can be sure _in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. what look will like man D. what look will man like. 28._puzzled the police espec

21、ially was _the murderer died . A. The thing ; that B. That ; how C. What ; how D. Which ; how 29.Sometimes we are asked _ the likely result of an action will be . A. that we think B. what we think C. what do you think D. if we think 30. The fire destroyed all _ was in the building . A. what B. which

22、 C. that D. how 31.Its certain _he will come to our rescue. A. whether B. what C. that D. if 32. Im sure _things will get better and _we will get out of the trouble soon. A. that ; which B. /;/ C. /; that D. that ; / 33.He was so pleased with all _we had done for him _he wrote us a letter to praise us for it . A. what ; what B. what ; that C. that ; what D. that ; that 34.Was it in his office _the manager made a promise _he would give me promotion? A. when ; that B. that ; that C