備戰(zhàn)2020年中考英語專題復習——語法填空_短文類(真題)

1、備戰(zhàn)2020年中考英語專題復習一一語法填空短文類(真題)一、語法填空(共10題；共92分)1 .閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個恰當?shù)脑~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The topic of this programme is environmental protection. We human beings(do) a lot of things at the cost of the environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time for us to understand the(

2、important) of protecting the environment and do something about it. And today I would like(introduce) some simple but useful ways that we can follow(easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out in environment friendly ways such as by bus, bysubway or by bike. We c

3、an even walk to work when possible,it is really helpful for both of our budget and health. Thirdly, try best to(use)things like books, paper, magazines and so on. And we can also take a cloth bag when we go(shop). Please don't use plastic ones. Of course the public should raise environmental awa

4、reness and realize it is(everyone) duty to protect the environment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide people's(behave).2 .閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。I have two friends in our class, Rick and Scott. Rick has a good lifestyle. He sleeps eight or nine (hour)a day

5、. So he can get up early in the morning. He exercises every day before having breakfast. He runs three times every week and plays soccer(one) a week. He also has good eating habits.He(try) to eat all kinds of fruits. He thinks apples are the(delicious) of all fruits. He believes "Having apple e

6、very day keeps the(ill)away. "He drinks milk every day and often eatsvegetables. He likes hamburgers he doesn't eat too much. He looks after his health well. Good eatinghabits and doing exercises every day are good for him.Scott is different Rick. He is kind of(health). He doesn't like

7、doing exercise and sleeps toolate. He likes eating junk food, too. He is fat now, and he(ask)to lose weight by his doctor.3 .閱讀下面的材料，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(提示：每空不超過三個單 詞)Dear Laura,Thanks for your message. Yes, I'm having a great time on my exchange program in France. I was a bit nervous befo

8、re I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice.They go out of their way(make) me feel at home. The grandmother has a teenage granddaughter about my age is really kind. She always talks to me in French to help me practice. And you wouldn'tbelieve how quickly my Fr

9、ench has(improve)! I'm very comfortable speaking French now.I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn't worry me as it used to.My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.you can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For example, you shouldn

10、't put your bread on your plate.You(suppose) to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I'm used to it. You shouldn't eat(something) with your hands except bread, not even fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is ve

11、ry(polite) to say you're full. If you don't want any more food, you should just say, "It was delicious." Also, you shouldn't put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm(gradual) getting used to it. I don't find Fr

12、ench customs so strange any more.Dear Laura, I'll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you are having goodschool year.Yours, Lin Yue4 .根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容所給提示，在文中的橫線上填寫一個正確的單詞。I have a photo album (相冊).It's a present from my classmate David.I got to know David on the(two) day

13、of middle school. We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, s we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to hishometown in the countryside. He showed me a and I saw many interesting things. We had a(wonder) time. It is really nice to have such good classmate.

14、However, last summer, David(go) to another city because of his father's job. Before leaving, he gave(I) a photo album."It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have alsowritten some(note) under each of these photos," he said. I was(deep) moved.I always look at the al

15、bum when I think David. I really miss him.5 .根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空，必要時可加助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。A bus ran off a bridge into the Yangtze River in Chongqing on October 28, 2018. The accident(cause) by a fight between the driver and a passenger, killing all 15 people on the bus.According to the police report, a 45 y

16、earold female passenger, surnamed Liu, argued with the driver, surnamed Ran. Liu was angry because Ran refused(stop) the bus after she missed her station. She then hit the driver, causing the accident. The video shows that Liu hit Ran with her mobile phone twice while Ran(drive) the bus. Rather than

17、 stop in the middle of the road. Ran kept driving. But in protecting himself, he lost control of the bus and a tragedy ( 悲居ij) happened.The police said that both Liu and Ran had broken criminal law by seriously endangering ( 危及)public safety. And the police(announce), "Liu hit the driver with h

18、er phone and prevented the driver from driving the bus safely. The driver, too, didn't do his best to make sure that his driving was safe."The accident also caused heated discussions on the Internet. Besides feeling terribly sorry for the tragedy, most Internet users blamed ( 指責)Liu, while

19、some others criticized the driver. More users were talking about what they should do. One Weibo user said, "We(stand) up and stop such fights between passengers and drivers(avoid) this kind of tragedy."Another user advised that a safety barrier ( 屏障)should be set up on the bus. It can stop

20、 passengers from (touch) the bus driver.6 .閱讀下面短文，用括號內(nèi)地詞的適當形式填空，必要時可加助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。Have you ever read the book A brief History of Times ? It(write) by Stephen Hawking in 2013.Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the death of Galileo in Oxford, England. At the age of elev

21、en, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father's old college. After three years, he won a first class honour degree in(nature) science.In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge(do) research. He(real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad(ill) shortly after

22、 his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet he went on(work) hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn't live by(he), he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got(marry) in 1965, then they had three(child).Hawking liked China very much, he had visited China several

23、times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking (reply) Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai.He once said, "My goal is simple, it is complete understanding of the universe( 宇宙)."Stephen Hawking is regarded as one of the most famous s

24、cientists since Einstein. Hawking died on March 14th, 2018.7 .閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for my life and sometimes I had to work at night.One late night, I got a telephone call a neighborhood. When I arrived there at 2: 30 am, the onlybuilding was dark except a

25、 single light in the(five) floor window. So I walked up and knocked at the door.Just a minute, "answered a weak voice. After a long time, the door opened and a small woman(stand) in front of me. Next to her was a small box.Quickly I took her box to the car and then returned to hold her. She kep

26、t(thank)me.When we got in the car, she asked, "Can you drive me through the blocks?"it's too late now, "I replied."I don't mind," she said slowly. "I'm in no hurry. The doctor says I don't have much time to live”I(quiet) turned off the meter( 計費器),For th

27、e next two hours, we drove through the city and passed the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived ,and some other places. As sun was rising, we stopped in front of a low building. Twoyoung(woman) were waiting there. They were both the nurses who woul

28、d look after her."How much do I have to pay?" she asked."Nothing, "I replied. I was sure I would never forget this(pain)experience.She looked surprised, "You gave a woman who is dying a little moment of pleasure, "she said. "Thank you".Sometimes people may not

29、 remember exactly what you did or said. However, they'll always remember how you make(they) feel. And they'll never forget it.8 .語法填空We can't remember clearly when we started to take our mobiles to the dinner table. This often, (especial) when we eat out. Once a dish comes,of lifting our

30、 chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and click. Later, we post the photos onto Weibo or WeChat, waiting to be "liked". Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the meal to see whether we get "liked"not. We just cannot leave our mobiles for only a meal.Does that sound fa

31、miliar to you? Do you do that often ? If not, how do you feel when others do that while having dinner with you ?A recent study suggests that what we are used to(do) is not so good. Spending taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an experiment. Some peo

32、ple were (ask) to take photos before they could enjoy food. As a , it showed that the (many) photos they took, the less delicious the food to them. Why not stop takingphotos and just enjoy the food in front of you ?So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends. How about not(ta

33、ke) photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people you. Trust me, and it will be awonderful time.9 .閱讀下面短文，用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。One day, Mr. and Mrs. Smith are celebrating their (sixty) birthday. They got(marry) 30 years ago.During the party an angel (天使)turns up. &quo

34、t;You've been such a (love) couple for 30 years. I will give you one wish each," the angel says.Mrs. Smith wants (travel) around the world. The angel waves her wand ( 手杖)and boom (隆地一 聲)! Mrs. Smith has the tickets in her hand.Next, it is Mr. Smith's turn. He thinks for a moment. "

35、Well, I'd like to have a woman 30 years(young) than me," he says shyly.The angel lifts up her wand, and boom! He turns 90.10 .閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The (cheap) thing has a b

36、asket of red fruit."How much per kilo?" the old man(ask)."Two rupees (盧比),"the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing,the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began(burn), his eyes began to wate

37、r, and his whole face became as red the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and, screaming: "Ah! Ah! Ah!"And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their(head) and said, "You are crazy! Those are chili peppers (辣椒)!You can&

38、#39;t just eat them by the handful!"The old man said to(he),"I paid for them, so I must eat them."This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have(spend) money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job-and sometimes, even if we kn

39、ow there's no hope that things will change, we still continue with it.What we can learn the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something that doesn't work, let itgo and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.答案解析部分、語法填空1 .【答案】have done； importance； to introduce ； easily

40、； off； because； use； shopping； everyone's；behavior【解析】【分析】文章大意：我們?nèi)祟愒谶^去的幾年里為了快速發(fā)展經(jīng)濟，做了很多犧牲環(huán)境的事情。我認為是時候讓我們了解保護環(huán)境并采取措施了。今天我想介紹一些簡單但有用的方法。首先，如果不必要,要關(guān)閉燈。然后，綠色出行，比如坐公共汽車、坐地鐵或騎自行車。如果可能的話，我們甚至可以步行去 上班。第三，盡量使用如書籍、紙張、雜志等這樣的東西。當我們?nèi)ベ徫飼r，我們也可以帶一個布袋。當 然，公眾應該提高環(huán)境意識，認識到保護環(huán)境是每個人的責任。最后，政府應該制定法律來指導人民的行 為。(1)句意：在過去的

41、幾年里，為了快速發(fā)展經(jīng)濟，我們?nèi)祟愐誀奚h(huán)境為代價做了很多事情。根據(jù)in thepast few years ,可知現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)是have done。主語是復數(shù)，故答案是 have done。(2)句意：我認為是時候讓我們了解保護環(huán)境的重要性并采取措施了。the importance of. , 的重要性，固定搭配，故答案是importance o(3)句意：今天，我想介紹一些簡單但有用的方法, 是 to introduce。(4)句意：我們可以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。(5)句意：首先，如果沒有必要的，關(guān)閉燈。關(guān)掉,would like to do ,想要干某事，固定搭配，

42、故答案副詞修飾動詞，follow是動詞，故答案是 easily o turn off ,固定搭配，故答案是off。(6)句意：如果可能的話，我們甚至可以步行去上班，因為這對我們的預算和健康都很有幫助。這是一個原因狀語從句，能夠構(gòu)成原因狀語從句的是because,故答案是because。(7)句意：第三，盡量使用書籍、紙張、雜志等物品。 try best to do ,盡力做某事，固定搭配，故答案 是 use。(8)句意：我們也可以在購物時帶一個布袋。go shopping,去購物，固定搭配，故答案是shoppingo(9)句意：當然，公眾應該提高環(huán)境意識，認識到保護環(huán)境是每個人的責任。duty

43、名詞，前面需要所有格，每個人的，故答案是 everyone's o(10)句意：最后，政府應該制定法律來指導人們的行為。people's是名詞所有格，后面加名詞，故答案是 behavior?！军c評】考查詞匯在篇章中的運用能力，答題時首先要跳過空格通讀文章掌握其大意，然后細讀文章，字 斟句酌逐一作答，注意考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素。最后通讀一遍，檢查驗證。2 .【答案】hours; once; tries ; most delicious ; an； illness; but; from; unhealthy ; is asked【解析】【分析】主要講了正在的兩個朋友一一R

44、ick和Scott的不同的生活方式。(1)句意：他每天睡八九個小時。eight or nine后面用可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，hour的復數(shù)是hours,故答案為hours。(2)句意：他每周跑步三次，每周踢一次足球。once a week,每周一次，故答案為once。(3)句意：他試圖吃各種水果。時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是he,所以用動詞的單三形式，故答案為tries。(4)句意：他認為蘋果是所有水果中最美味的。由比較范圍of all fruits推斷此處填最高級形式，delicious的最高級是 the most delicious ,故答案為 most delicious 。(5)句意：每天吃一個蘋果

45、可以使疾病遠離。apple是以元音音素開頭的單數(shù)名詞，所以用冠詞an,故答案為an O(6)句意：每天吃一個蘋果可以使疾病遠離。由空前的冠詞the,推斷此處填形容詞 川的名詞形式illness,疾病，故答案為illness。(7)句意：他喜歡吃漢堡包，但不吃太多。前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用連詞but,但是，故答案為 but。(8)句意：斯科特和里克不一樣。be different from ,與不同，故答案為from。(9)句意：他有點不健康。根據(jù)前句可知Rick和Scott生活方式是不同的，Rick是健康的，所以 Scott是不健康的，is后面用形容詞，unhealthy ,不健康的，故答案為 u

46、nhealthy o(10)句意：他現(xiàn)在很胖，醫(yī)生要他減肥。主語 he是動作ask的承受者，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以用一 般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是be+動詞過去分詞，主語是單數(shù)he,所以用is, ask的過去分詞是asked,故答案為is asked?！军c評】考查語法填空，考查詞匯在語篇中的運用能力。注意理解句意，首先讀一遍，然后再逐一作答。 注意句型、搭配、短語及語境。3 .【答案】 to make； who/that ； improved ； Although/Though ； As； are supposed ； anything ； impolite ； gradually ； a【解

47、析】【分析】主要講了林悅寫信告訴Laura自己在法國當交換生的情況。(1)句意：他們特意讓我感到賓至如歸。go out of one's way to do sth.特意做某事，故填 to make。(2)句意：那個奶奶有一個和我年齡相仿的孫女，并且她是友好的。根據(jù)句子可知是定語從句，先行詞 是granddaughter ,指的是人，所以關(guān)系詞用who/that ,故填 who/that 。(3)句意：你不相信我的法語已經(jīng)提高了多快。has+動詞過去分詞，表示現(xiàn)在完成時，improve的過去分詞是 improved ,故填 improved。(4)句意：盡管我仍然犯許多錯誤，但是它不像

48、過去一樣使我擔心。雖然我仍然有錯，但是不讓我擔心，所以用 although/though ,故填 Although /Though。(5)句意：正如你可以想象的。as you can imagine,正如你可以想象的，故填 As。(6)句意：你應該把它放在桌子上。be supposed to do應該做某事，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是 you ,所以用 are,故填 are supposed。(7)句意：你不應該用你的手吃任何東西。句子是否定句，所以用 anything ,故填anything o(8)句意：另一件事是說你飽了是非常不禮貌的。根據(jù)后句If you don't want a

49、ny more food, you shouldjust say, "It was delicious."如果吃飽了，僅僅說食物是美味的，說飽了是不禮貌的。polite禮貌的，其對應詞是impolite , is后面用形容詞，故填 impolite。(9)句意：但是我逐漸習慣于它。副詞修飾實義動詞，getting是實義動詞，所以用形容詞 gradual的副詞 gradually , 故填 gradually。(10)句意：希望你一直有個愉快的學年。year是單數(shù)，good以輔音音素開頭，所以用a,故填a?！军c評】考查語法填空，考查詞匯在語篇中的運用能力。注意理解句意，首先讀

50、一遍，然后再逐一作答。 注意句型、搭配、短語及語境。4 .【答案】 second ； so； around ； wonderful ； a； went； me； notes ； deeply ； of【解析】【分析】文章大意本文主要敘述大衛(wèi)給作者相冊的經(jīng)過。(1)考查數(shù)詞。句意：我在中學的第二天認識了大衛(wèi)。根據(jù)前面的the和可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)day,要用序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)詞two的序數(shù)詞second,故答案為：secondo(2)考查連詞。句意：我們都喜歡打籃球和集郵，所以我們總是有很多事情要談。根據(jù)前后句判斷應該填連詞，有共同的愛好，所以才會有共同語言，是因果關(guān)系，根據(jù)首字母，要用連詞so,故答案為：s

51、o。(3)考查固定短語。句意：他帶我四處轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)， 我看到了許多有趣的事情。根據(jù)下文I saw many interestingthings.可知帶她四處轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)。由 show和首字母，可知要用 show sb. around,帶某人參觀，固定短語，故答 案為：around。(4)考查形容詞。句意：我們玩得很開心。 空格后有名詞time,要用形容詞修飾作定語。wonder,驚訝，動詞或名詞，形容詞為 wonderful。have a wonderful time ,過得愉快或玩得高興，固定短語，答案為： wonderful 。(5)考查不定冠詞。句意：有這么好的同學真是太好了。classmate,同學

52、，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，其前要用不定冠詞，且good是以輔音音素開頭，要用不定冠詞a,故答案為：a。(6)考查一般過去時。句意：去年夏天，大衛(wèi)因為他父親的工作去了另一個城市。根據(jù)前面的時間狀語 last summer,可知句子要用一般過去時，go的過去式went,故答案為：went。(7)考查代詞賓格。句意：在離開之前，他給了我一本相冊。give,給，及物動詞。要接雙賓語，give sb. sth. give動詞后要用代詞賓格，I的賓格me,故答案為：me。(8)考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：我也在每張照片下面寫了一些筆記。note,日記，可數(shù)名詞；空格前有some,其后要用可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)notes ,故答案為：

53、notes。(9)考查副詞。句意：我深深地感動了。根據(jù) moved ,感動，動詞；修飾動詞要用副詞。形容詞 deep 的副詞形式為deeply,故答案為：deeply。(10)考查固定短語。句意：每當我想起大衛(wèi)時，我總是看這個相冊。think of,表示想到，想起。固定短語，故答案為：of?！军c評】考查語法填空。主要涉及的名詞復數(shù)、序數(shù)詞、一般過去時、人稱代詞賓格、連詞副詞等。5 .【答案】 was caused; to stop; was driving ； announced ; should stand ； to avoid; touching【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章記敘了一個劉姓

54、女乘客和公共汽車司機冉打斗致使公共汽車上的15人全被殺死的事故，這次事故掀起了網(wǎng)絡上的熱議，提出了解決辦法。(1)句意：這次事故被司機和乘客之間的打斗造成的。cause：造成，引起，和accident是被動關(guān)系，要用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)前面的時間狀語可知要用一般過去時，主語是單數(shù)，故答案為was causedo(2)句意：劉生氣了因為劉錯過了她的站，冉拒絕停車。拒絕做某事：refuse to do sth,故答案為to stop。(3)句意：錄像顯示當冉開車的時候，劉用她的手機打了冉兩次。敘述過去正在進行的動作要用過去進行時，主語是單數(shù)，故答案為 was driving o(4)句意：警察宣布說，劉

55、用手機擊中司機，阻止司機安全地開公共汽車。”發(fā)生在過去的事情要用一般過去時，故答案為announced。(5)句意：一個微博使用者說，為了避免這種悲劇的發(fā)生，我們應該站起來阻止乘客和司機之間的打斗?！北硎纠響瞿呈乱?should do sth.故答案為should stand。(6)句子中已有動詞，avoid是非謂語動詞，動詞不定式做目的狀語，故答案為to avoid。(7)句意：它能阻止乘客觸碰公共汽車司機。stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，故答案為touching?！军c評】考查語法填空，首先通讀全文掌握大意，然后根據(jù)所給詞或者上下文寫出正確的單詞，主語時態(tài)

56、， 語態(tài)和固定搭配，確保文章通順、完整。6 .【答案】was written ; natural; to do; really; illness; working ; himself; married; children ; replied【解析】【分析】主要講了霍金的生平。(1)句意：它是由史蒂芬霍金在2013年寫的。主語it是動作write的承受者，時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是 was/were+動詞過去分詞，主語it是單數(shù)，所以用 was, write的過去分 詞是 written ,故填 was written 。(2)句意：他在自然科學方面贏得班級一等學位。s

57、cience是名詞，形容詞修飾名詞，名詞 nature的形容詞是 natural ,故填 natural o(3)句意：斯蒂芬到達劍橋大學做調(diào)查。do,做，動詞，來劍橋大學的目的是做調(diào)查，所以用 to do不定式表目的，故填to do。(4)句意：他真地在那里享受他的時間。real,真是的，形容詞，副詞修飾實義動詞，enjoyed是實義動詞，形容詞 real的副詞是really,故填really。(5)句意：斯蒂芬在1963年21歲生日后很快得了嚴重的疾病。ill,生病的，形容詞，形容詞修飾名詞，bad是形容詞，形容詞ill的名詞是illness, a后面用單數(shù)，故填illness。(6)句意

58、：他繼續(xù)努力工作成為一名極好的科學家。work ,工作，動詞，go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事，所以用 working ,故填 working。(7)句意：斯蒂芬不能自己生活。he,他，主格人稱代詞，by oneself,某人自己，he的反身代詞是himself, 故填 himself。(8)句意：他們在1965年結(jié)婚。marry,結(jié)婚，動詞，get married ,結(jié)婚，故填 married o(9)句意：他們有了 3個孩子。three后面用復數(shù)，child的復數(shù)是children ,故填children o(10)句意：霍金在微博上回復王俊凱。reply ,回復，動詞，時態(tài)是一

59、般過去時，所以用 replied ,故填replied?！军c評】考查語法填空，考查詞匯在語篇中的運用能力。注意理解句意，首先讀一遍，然后再逐一作答。 注意句型、搭配、短語及語境。7 .【答案】from ; fifth ; stood ; thanking ; But; quietly ; the ; women ; painful; them【解析】【分析】(1)句意：天深夜，我接到一個鄰居打來的電話。根據(jù) I got a telephone call可知是來 自某人的電話，從from ,故答案為：from。(2)句意：當我凌晨2： 30到達那里時，除了五樓的窗戶上只有一盞燈外，唯一的一棟樓是漆黑的。在 第幾樓用序數(shù)詞，fifth第五，修飾名詞，故答案為：fifth。(3)句意：過了很長一段時間，門開了，一個小女人站在我面前。根據(jù)the door opened and a small woman可知用一般過去時，