現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)語法及練習(xí)

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)語法及練習(xí)Class Name Number一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：主語 + have/has +過去分詞(過去分詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成與動(dòng)詞過去式相同；不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞需要特殊記憶。)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(一)()1. I English in this school since 1999.A. taught B. have taught C. teach D. would teach()2. Li Lei the pen for five years.A. has had B. boughtC. have had D. have bought()3. Kate her grandmothers

2、photo before.A. havent seen B. have seen C. see D. hasnt seen()4.Mary you these daysA. Has, seen B. Do, see C. Did, see D. Is, seeing()5. So far ,we thousands of buildings in Guangzhou.A. build B. have build C. build D. will build二、否定式：主語 + haven t /hasn t + 過去分詞。疑問式：Have / Has + 主語+過去分詞簡(jiǎn)略答語：Yes,主語

3、+ have/has.( 肯定)No,主語 +haven t/hasn t.(否定)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(二)()1.- Have you finished your work -. A. Yes, I have. B. Yes, I do. C. Yes, I am. D. Yes, I did.()2. - Has she ever learned English - A. Yes, she has. B. Yes, she does. C. No,she doesn t D. No,she has()3. He finished his homework. yet .A. doesn t B. ha

4、ven t C. hasn t D. doesn t have三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義之一：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與 never/ever , just , already/yet , before , so far 等連用。(1)以already, just 和yet為標(biāo)志，already, just 和yet表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀 態(tài)已經(jīng)、剛剛或還沒有發(fā)生。如：我已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。I have already finished my homework.他剛剛看過這部電影。He has just seen the film.他還沒有回來。He hasn t co

5、me back yet.。(2)以ever和never為標(biāo)志。ever和never表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)曾經(jīng)或從來沒 有發(fā)生過。如：這是我看過的最好看的電影。Thisis the best film I have everseen.他從來沒有去過北京。He has never been to Beijing.(3)以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志。若某一動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生了若干次，則要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如： 他說他已經(jīng)去過美國三次。He says he has been to the USAthree times.(4)以so far為標(biāo)志。 so far往往表示到目前為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生。如：到

6、目前為止，他已經(jīng)收集了幾千張郵票。He has collected thousandsof stamps so far.專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(三)()1.- Have you travelled on the train- Yes, I have.A. neverB. ever C. just D. yet()2. - Have you finished your homework - Not.A. ever B. already C. yet D. just ()3. We havent finished our homework . A. already B. everC. yet D. never(

7、)4. - Have you learned English -Yes, Ive learned a lot.A. never, ever B. ever, neverC. ever, alreadyD. already,ever ()5. - Have you finished your homework - Yes, Ive done that A. yet, already B. already, yet C. ever, never D. still, just ()6. Johns fatherborrowed some pictures.A. have alreadyB. has

8、just C. have everD. has yet四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)含義之二：表示過去已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for ,since, , how long , these days 等連用。(1) Since +過去點(diǎn)的時(shí)間。(since短語或從句表示過去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)至今，since之后的時(shí)間為過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn))如：史密斯先生 1984 年就在這工作了。Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.他讀大學(xué)以來已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了大約5000個(gè)單詞。He s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to

9、college.時(shí)間段提問用疑問詞 how long 如：我們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)二十年了。我很長時(shí)間沒看到她了。(2) for+ 一段時(shí)間(數(shù)詞+量詞)，(for短語表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)多長時(shí)間，for后接時(shí)間段。提問。)for a 10ng time.We have known each other for twenty years.I haven t seen her專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(四)A.用since和for填空1. He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.2. I ve known him we were children.3. Our teacher has

10、 studied Japanese three years.4. She has been away from the city about ten years.5. It s about ten years she left the city.B.選擇填空：()1. Ive been like this ever since . A. last week B. for a week C. a week before D. the last week ()2. My mother has worked in this factory 2 years.A. about B. for C. inD

11、. since()3. I havent heard from himlast week.A. since B. for C. ago D. before()4. His father joined the partyA. for three years B. since three years agoC. three years ago D. in two years time()5. He moved here in 1999, and he has been here . A. at that time B. for five years agoC. since four years D

12、. for four years()6. Tom has been away from home about five days ago.A. B. in C. since D. for五、句式：主句(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))+ since +從句(一般過去時(shí)) 專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(五)() English in our school ever since she here. A. has taught, come B. taught, cameC. has taught, has come D. teaches, has come()2. Our English teacher in our school sin

13、ce he to China. A. has taught, come B. taught, comeC. has taught, has come D. teaches, has come() in Guangzhou since she born in 1980A. has lived, has been B. has lived, wasC. lived, has been D. lived, was六、句式：It s +一段時(shí)間+since從句(用一般過去時(shí))專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(六)()s ten years since she.A. has leftB. has been away C. le

14、ft D. leave()2. It s three years since hethe army .A. has joined B. has been in C. join D. joined七、have been in, have been to 與 have gone to 的用法(1) have (has) been in表示在某地呆多長時(shí)間”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如：since, for, how long 等。如：布朗先生在上海已經(jīng)三天了。Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.(2) have (has)been to表

15、示“曾經(jīng)去過某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳c just, ever, never等連用。如：我已經(jīng)去過郵局了。I have just been to the post office.瑪麗從來沒有去過長城。Mary has never been to the Great Wall.你去過杭州嗎Have you ever been to Hangzhou注意：have(has) been to后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。：如： 我去過北京三次。I have been to Beijing three times.。他們?nèi)ミ^那個(gè)村子幾次了。They have been to that villag

16、e several times.(3) have(has) gone to意為“到某地去了，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?， 說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。如：湯姆在哪 他去書店了。 -Where is Tom -He has gone to the bookshop.杰克去倫敦了。他三天后會(huì)回來。Jack has gone to London. He will come back in three days.()1. Mrs. Whites isnt here, sheA. has been to, wentC. went to, has gone專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

17、(七)London, she there many times.B. has gone to, has beenD. has been to, has gone()2. She has to Beijing twice .A. gone B. got C. been D. come()3. - Where your father , Li Lei -To BeijingA. have, been B. has, been C. have, gone D. has, gone()4. Mr. Green isnt in the office , He to the library.A. has

18、gone B. went C. has been D. will go()5. Mr. Smith to Tokyo and he will be back in a week.A. has been B. has visited C. has sent D. has gone()China for two years.A. have been to B. have been in C. have gone to D. have come to八、How long與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(八)() have you been here - Since last yearA. How far B.

19、How long C. How often D. How soon ()2.has Han Mei been in the library.A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often ()long he the library book.A. has, borrow B. has, kept C. has, bought D. did, buy九、短暫性動(dòng)詞在與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)，需要轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(九)()How long can I this book - Two weeksA. borrow B. keep C. lend D.

20、 return()2. Her father in 1990 and her husband for more than five yearsA. died ,dead B. has died, dead C. died ,has been dead D. has died, has died()3. I have this nice watch for two years.A. had B. bought C. borrowed D. lend()4. He his home for ten years.A. has left B. left from C. has been away fr

21、om D. was away from ()5. He a league member for three yearsA. is B. has been C. has become D. have become()6. Li Huas brother has for two years.A. joined the army B. been an army C. become a soldier D. been in the army()7. He hasnt Guangzhou ever since he left school.A. left B. been away C. been D.

22、away十、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較：(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去，或表示過去的動(dòng)作 對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去。試比較：The plane has arrived .飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了。(說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒)The plane arrived a quarter ago.飛機(jī)一刻鐘以前來的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去)I have taught here for fifteen years.我在這 JL 已經(jīng)教了 十五年。(表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。)I taught here for a year.我過

23、去在這兒教過一年。(表示“我”現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了)(2) When常與一般過去時(shí)連用，How long常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用如：你什么時(shí)候來的北京When did you come to Beijing你來北京多長時(shí)間了How long have you been in Beijing專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(十)()1. -Have you finished your homework -Yes, I it last night.A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. will finish()2. - you ever to Nanjing - Yes, I t

24、here last year.B. Have, gone; have gone B. Have, been; wentC. Did, go; wentD. Did, go; has , been()3.- When you Lucy in NewYork - I here for two years.A. did, meet; havent seenB. did, meet; havent seenC. did, meet; dont see D. would, meet; hadnt seen()4. - How long_ you Beijing For about ten years.A

25、. have, come to B. have, been in C. did, come to C. have, gone to用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li FeiB: He to Hainan Island.A: How long he thereB: He there for three days.A: When will he come back, do you knowB: Im afraid he won t come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Ha

26、inan IslandB: Sorry, I never there.A: How many times Li Fei to that placeB: He there only once.C: 用 have/has been to/in, have gone to的各種形式填空。1) Where is Jack He his country.2) David the park just now.3) John England since he came back.4) How long have this village5) The Smiths Beijing for years.6) y

27、ou ever America - Yes, I there many times.7) I this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim He the farm.Exercises10A )按要求把短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞CD arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.f be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing

28、 for2) I moved to the USA last year.I the USA since3) I went home yesterday.I home for4) They came here last week.They here since come/go back, return f be backcome/go out f be out1) He came out two years ago.He for .2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We to Fuzhou since . become f be1) I became a teac

29、her in 2000.I a teacher for .2) The river became dirty last year.The river dirty for . close f be closed open f be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop for .2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door for six hours. get up f be up die f be deadleave sw. f be away from sw.fall asleep/g

30、et tot sleep f be asleep finish/end f be over marry f be married 1) I got up two hours ago.I since .2) He left Fuzhou just now.He Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa for .4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I since .6) They married in 1990.They since . start/begin to do sth. f do sth.begin f be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I at this sc