38.2008-2013中山英語中考單選題淺析

1、 個性化輔導教案2008-2013中山英語中考單選題淺析XX校區(qū) 英語組 XXX 縱觀2008年-2013年的中山中考英語真題，試卷結(jié)構(gòu)和題型分值分布基本保持不變，如下圖：內(nèi)容題型題號題量分值計分一、聽說A、聽句子1-88825分B、聽短文8-1355C、朗讀短文13D、情景對話44E、看圖說話15二、單項填空單項選擇題26-45202020分三、完型填空單項選擇題46-55101010分四、閱讀理解部分A篇是單項選擇題56-6051030分B篇是單項選擇題61-65510C篇是信息匹配題66-70510五、看圖短文填空單詞填空題71-80101515分六、讀寫綜合A、信息歸納81-85552

2、0分B、書面表達115總計1186120120分從大多數(shù)學生的做題情況看來，十分最多的題目為看圖短文填空和單項選擇題，看圖短文填空題難在它考察的是學生的綜合運用能力，涉及固定搭配，重點句式、重點詞匯運用和語法、語感等等知識；而單項選擇則是因為它20道的單項選擇里面涉及了20種語法，本來現(xiàn)在學生的語法概念就相對薄弱，在面對四個選項十分相似的情況下容易出現(xiàn)知識點混淆的情況，而今天我就單項選擇題的出題特點和教師在教學中技巧性引導做一個小小的總結(jié)和歸納。下面首先列出的是歷年中考單選題所涉及的語法點。題號年份語法項題量08年09年10年11年12年13年冠詞1（26）1（29）1（27）1（27）1(2

3、6)名詞1（33）1（44）1（26）1（26）1(28)代詞1（28）1（27）1（28）1（28）1（27）數(shù)詞1（29）1（26）1（30）1（29）1（29）介詞1（30）1（33）1（32）1（32）1（32）連詞1（31）2（28，35）1（29）1（33）形容詞2（27；32）1（31）1（33）2（30；40）1（40）引導詞1（45）1（36）1（44）1（42）動詞時態(tài)4（35，38，39，40）3（32，34，39）4（31，35，39，42）3（31，39，43）3（31，35，39）被動語態(tài)1（40）1（45）1（42）1（35）1（35）動詞/動詞短語2（36；4）

4、1（36）1（41）2（34；42）1（37,41）動詞不定式1（41）1（37）1（41）1（44）情態(tài)動詞1（43）1（37）1（35）1（34）疑問詞1（34）1（40）反意疑問句1（37）1（30）1（38）1（36）1（43）條件狀語從句1（43）1（38）1（43）1（36）1（36）賓語從句1（44）1（40）2（34，45）1（38）1(45)感嘆句1（41）There be句型1（37）交際用語1（42）1（44）1（45）1(45)大多數(shù)老師會根據(jù)每一個語法點進行比較細致具體的講解，如果時間允許的話，確實可以如此，這個教法會類似學校初三下學期的了第一輪總復習，這種復習方法的

5、優(yōu)點是可以細化每一個語法點，強化學生的語法意識， 使學生整個語法概念更加系統(tǒng)化，弱點是耗時較長，尤其是在一對一教學，可能會出現(xiàn)比較長一段時間內(nèi)無法達到預期效果的情況。那么我下面講到的更加傾向于針對的學生人群為兩類：第一是后期過來補習，時間比較緊迫而單項選擇題做得較差的學生；第二類是已經(jīng)補過一輪語法但是在做題方面還是不夠穩(wěn)定或者提高不明顯的學生，而以下面的教學方法作為一個總結(jié)歸納學習。我的教學思路是以2008-2013的中考真題先按照上面的表格做一個歸類，1） 每一個語法點之前先讓學生學會從四個選項的不同之詞從學會認清此題目歸類為某一個語法點。2） 讓學生先做題，從他做題的效果來初步判斷他在這一

6、個知識點上的掌握程度，并且讓其盡可能地說出自己的做題思路，肯定其中對的部分，和注意糾正其錯誤的概念。3） 教師再對此題目做出解題思路的總結(jié)。由于有些題目技巧性很明顯，這種可以先講；有一些則可能是要理解題目意思，對于詞匯量太少的學生要押后講；還有部分語法點可能涉及的過多，這種要以中考常考點作為講解的重點，適當剔除較次的知識點，避免學生難以吸收。4） 全部知識點都講過做過一遍之后，把學生的錯誤題目列舉出來讓他再做一遍。進行查漏補缺的教學。5） 按照中考真題出5份左右的模擬單選套題，第一份套題帶著學生一起做，如同前面的教學思路那樣，先讓學生說出該題目屬于什么語法點，做題思路如何，再一起選擇答案，教師

7、從學生的解說過程進行檢查學生的吸收成果如何。剩下四份題讓學生自己獨立完成，再進行評講。從學生四份題的做題情況判斷學生的單選基本能做到怎樣的分數(shù)，再歸納他的錯誤點，如果是屬于技巧性部分出錯，可以再講解，如果是句子意思不理解，則歸為詞匯問題，另外解決。6） 對于成績較好和接受程度還可以的學生，在時間允許的前提下，在上面已經(jīng)完成得很好的情況下可以在每個語法點添加一些易錯題型進行補充和拓展。冠詞26He is university student and he comes from island in England Aan；an Ban；a Ca；an Da；a26 youngest leader

8、in China is man called Lu Hao AThe；a BA；the CA；a DAn；an29. old man behind Mary is university teacher. AAn；an BA；the CThe；a DThe；an27. Dont talk to Simon like that. He is just eleven-year-old boy.A. aB. anC. theD. /27. I really like _ book you lent me yesterday. A. aB. anC. theD. 不填26. _Greens are pr

9、eparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day. A. / B.A C. An D. The 26. What do you want to be in the future, Lucy? I want to be _ pilot. It is _exciting job. A. a; a B. a; an C. a; the D. the; an考點總結(jié)：冠詞的?？键ca，an，the，/1）常考關(guān)于a的情況的關(guān)鍵詞匯為：university；useful；European；one-eyed2）?？缄P(guān)于an的情況的關(guān)鍵詞匯為：hour，honest；3）?？缄P(guān)于

10、the的情況的關(guān)鍵詞匯為：定語從句的先行詞；前面所提到的人或物；格林一家人代詞28一Is that dog? 一No is whiteAhis；His Bher；His Che；His Dher；Her 27. We have five kinds of schoolbags. Do you like this one？ No. Can you show me ?A. another B. each other C. The other D. others28. My father is ill in bed. I have to look after at home.A. he B. his

11、 C. him D. himself28. - Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.一 It doesn't matter. You can have A. we B. us C. our D. ours27. Which basketball player do you like best, Kobe, James or Jordan? - _ of them .Lin shuhao is my favorite. A. All B. None C. Either D. Neither27. Boys, dont lose_

12、in playing Angry Birds. It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time.A. himself B. yourself C. themselves D. Yourselves考點總結(jié)：代詞?？键c為人稱代詞；物主代詞；反身代詞；不定代詞1） 人稱代詞 數(shù) 人稱 詞義 格單數(shù)復數(shù)一二三一二三我你他 她 它我們你們他們主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey賓格meyouhim her itusyouthem主格：放在動詞前面賓格：放在動詞后面，介詞后面注意情況：有連詞出現(xiàn)的連接兩個或者以上的

13、代詞要判斷是同時做主語還是做賓語，避免學生片面地認為放在前面的搜救是主格，放在后面的就是賓格。2）物主代詞 數(shù) 人稱 詞義 種類單數(shù)復數(shù)一二三一二三我的你的他的 她的 它的我們的你們的他們的形容詞性的物主代詞myyourhis her itsouryourtheir名詞性的物主代詞mineyourshis hers itsoursyourtheirs形容詞性的物主代詞：后面必須要有名詞名詞性的物主代詞：本身具備名詞性意義，后絕對不可跟名詞注意情況：并不是名詞性的物主代詞只能填在句子最末尾，這一點往往都是很多學生的判斷標準，也就是錯誤點。根據(jù)人稱代詞和物主代詞，一定要特別和學生提到的是以下的詞匯

14、人稱代詞主格heshe人稱代詞賓格himher形容詞性物主代詞hisher名詞性物主代詞hishers之所以要特別注意上面所提及的，是因為從表格中就可以看出his和her都有兩種功能，所以容易照成混淆，需要引起學生的注意，同時從題目看來這個也是中考的常出點。3） 反身代詞 數(shù) 人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)第一人稱myselfOurselves第二人稱yourselfYourselves第三人稱himself；herself；itselfThemselves注意點：單復數(shù)問題。4） 不定代詞：the other，the others，other ，others，another的辨析 something，anyt

15、hing，nothing，somebody，anybody，nobody等結(jié)合形容詞的考法，要至于形容詞后。 名詞27There is good for youIve found your lost watch Anews Bideas C messages Dthoughts44. Its rally hot today. What do we have in the fridge？ We have some_ .A. noodle B. cheese C. sausages D. lemonade26. Look! The kites in the sky are in different

16、_. Some are big and some small.A. size B. sizes C. color D. colors26. I hear you run for half an hour every day. Right, we have to. It is one of the _ in our school.A. rulesB. plansC. hobbiesD. choices28. The students of Grade 7 visited Mikes farm and saw many _there. A. bird B.duck C. sheep D. Rabb

17、it33 mothers both work in the same hospital ATim and Peter's BTims and Peter CTims and Peter's DTim and Peter28. Mum, Ive heard that we cant eat _ these days. Is it true? Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.A. chicken B. chickens C. a chicken D. the chicken考點總結(jié)：可數(shù)名詞中的復數(shù)；不可數(shù)名詞1） 常出的不可

18、數(shù)名詞：食物類名詞，飲料類和肉類，2） 常出的可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：多為不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)，如sheep，deer，feet。teeth，potatoes，tomatoes3） 有兩種情況的詞匯：chicken，family4） 借助句子本身的動詞來判斷所填的詞的可數(shù)不可數(shù)；借助句子中出現(xiàn)的修飾詞判斷所填的詞匯可數(shù)不可數(shù)。注意詞匯為：many ，a number of，a few，few，fewer，fewest（修飾可數(shù)名詞）；much，a little，little，less，least（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）數(shù)詞29The old man began to learn to drive a car at

19、the age of Asixty Bthe sixtieth Csixty years old Dsixties26. There are _ months in a year. Others is the _ month.A. twelve;ten B. Twelfth;tenth C. Twelve;tenth D. Twelfth;ten30. This is Mr. Whites _ visit to Beijing. He has been twice before.A. two B. second C. there D. third29. After the Asian Game

20、s, _ people came to Guangzhou for a visit during holidays.A. thousandB. thousands ofC. five thousandsD. five thousands of 29. - how was your weekend? - Great! It was my grandfathers _ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves.A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth D. Seventeenth29. Excuse me, sir. Heres a

21、package for Lin Tao. Which room does he live in? . A.308 Room B. Room 308 C. The Room 308 D. The 308 Room考點總結(jié)：基數(shù)詞；序數(shù)詞1） 基數(shù)詞需要注意的：at the age of，Room，2） 序數(shù)詞需要注意的：fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth3） 序數(shù)詞前面一般要加the，不加the的情況是：前面有形容詞性物主代詞和所有格等修飾的時候（這一點同最高級有共同之處）4） Hundred，thousand，million的用法介詞30I hear that he will

22、 be back two weeks timeAat Bin Cafter DFor33. ”Its really very kind_you to help me with the housework on Sundays.” said Grandma Huang.A. of B. with C. for D. from32. Connie arrived _ the village _ a snowy night.A. at;on B. at;in C. in;at D. in;on32. It's time the weather report. Turn on the radi

23、o, please. A. to B. in C. at D. for32. Why are you standing, Alice? I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting_me.A.behind . B.next to C.between D.in front of32. Kelly, whos the girl _ glasses in the photo? Its me. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.A. by B. of C. on D. with

24、考點總結(jié)：空間介詞，時間介詞，搭配1）空間介詞：in，on，at，under，in front of，behind，between.and2）時間介詞：in，at，on，before，after3）關(guān)于搭配的會比較多，是前期積累的，不適宜一下子灌輸太多，可以拓展如from.to；with；its +adj. for sb. to do sth；its time for sth./to do sth.等常見的連詞36You wont pass your exams you work harderAwhen Bif Cunless Dafter31一Im afraid I cant go to t

25、he party tomorrow 一 you told me you wouldWhats happened? AAnd BSo COr DBut28. The film “Kung Fu Panda”_interesting_I would like to see it again.A. such;that B. too;to C. as;as D. So;that35. We have to get up at 7:15 tomorrow morning, _we sill be late for the 7:40 train.A. before B. or C. if D. so29.

26、 _you_your brother can join us. We want one fo you.A. Both;and B. Neither;nor C. Either;or D. Not only;but also33. I wont believe that the five-year-old boy can read magazines _ I test him myself. A. ifB. whenC. afterD. until33. Ben was busy taking a training class. _we had to wait for himfor half a

27、n hour. A.so B. if C. or D. But30. Think it over, _ youll work out the math problem.A. or B. so C. for D. And考點總結(jié)：連詞就是我們前面所提到的除了連詞本身的了解之外還需要在掌握了句意的前提下做出選擇，根據(jù)學生的情況酌情講解，但一定要學生至少掌握連詞本身的意思，因為在文章閱讀中和寫作中都會需要運用到重點講解：and（然后就） 和 or（否則）； if（如果）和unless（如果不；否則） not.until（.不.直到.才） because（因為）和so（所以） although/tho

28、ugh（雖然）和but（但是） even though （即使） when So.that（如此.以致于.）；注意與such.that，too.to；enough.to進行分別從技巧上和意義上繼續(xù)擰粉筆講解需要注意的是：although.but.；because.so等為錯誤選項；二者不可以同時使用，這一點與中文思維不一致。形容詞副詞30The doctor told Mary to eat vegetables and meat because she was getting fatter and fatter Amuch；little Bmore；less Cmany；few Dmore；

29、fewer37 will you stay in Shenzhen for your holiday?一For about two weeksAHow often BHow long CHow soon DWhat time27John，is Henry your twin brother?一Oh，yesHe is twenty minutes than me Aheavier Belder Ctaller Dolder32It takes more time to go there by ship than by busIts by train of the three Afaster Bt

30、he fastest Cfast Dmuch fast30. - did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titannic last night? - No, I _ go to the cinema . The tickets are too expensiveA.hardly       B. nearly         C. still       D.only31. The C

31、hangjiang River is the _river in China.A. long B. longest C. short D. shortest33. How are you feeling today？ Much_. I can go to school next week.A. good B. better C. best D. well30. Steve is good at writing short stories. So he is. But he writes _ than us. So he cant get good grades in writing. A. m

32、ost carefullyB. more carefullyC. less carefullyD. least carefully40. Have you ever seen the movie called Los Angles 2011? Yes, but I think its _. I fell asleep when I saw it. A. excitingB. boringC. boredD. excited40. Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in Gansu Province. Its _ one that I h

33、ave ever heard of.A. a very serious B. a more serious C. the most serious D. the least serious33. What do you think of the film So Young directed by Zhao Wei? Wonderful. I think its _than the other films about youth in recent years. A. the best B. the worst C. much better D. much worse40. _is it fro

34、m the village to your farm? About 10 minutes walk. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How fat考點總結(jié)：形容詞（ed與ing的區(qū)別；原級；比較級；最高級） 副詞（原級；比較級；最高級；頻率副詞如hardly的考察；how long，how far，how often，how soon 等詞匯辨析）1) -ed（主語指人）；-ing（修飾事、物本身）2) 需要用原級情況：as.as；so.as3) 需要用比較級情況：than，比較級and比較級；the比較級.the比較級.4) 可修飾比較級的詞

35、匯：much，a lot，a little，even，still5) 需要用最高級的情況：one of 最高級+名詞復數(shù)6) 到底用形容詞還是用副詞的情況7）頻率副詞如hardly的考察；how long，how far，how often，how soon 等詞匯辨析）動詞時態(tài)33一Are you going to see the film with us? 一No，thanksI it Asaw Bhave seen Csee Dwas seeing38His parents wanted to know what he at that time Ais doing Bwas doing

36、Chas done Dwill do39The woman and her husband in the same office Awork Bworks Cis working Dhas worked43Tim will call me as soon as he my package Areceive Bwill receive Creceived Dreceives35一Dont kick balls on the road，boys!一 Sorry. . AWe will BWe shall CWe wont DWe arent38一JacksonI havent seen you t

37、hese days 一I for the coming English test Aam preparing Bwill prepare Cprepare Dhave prepared39一 you your dictionary? 一NoSo I have to buy a new one today ADid；find BHave；found CAre；，finding DHad；found34. Sam_ Chinese since he came to China. He speaks good Chinese now.A. learns B. learned C. Has learn

38、ed D. will learn39. Shush，be quiet！ The baby_ in the next room.A. sleep B. slept C. sleeps D. is sleeping31. Louis _computer games when her brother phoned her.A. plays B. is playing C. has played D. was playing35. Robert with his two kids_ to the beech for vacation every year.A. go B. goes C. went D

39、. are going39. Do you know her well? Sure. We _ friends since ten years ago.A. Were B. have made C. have been D. have become42. The 16th Asian Games _in Guangzhou in November,2010.A. holds B. will hold C. was held D. will be held31. Alan, its late. Why not go to bed? Jenny hasnt come back yet. I _ f

40、or her.A. waitedB. have waitedC. am waitingD. was waiting 39. Our math teacher _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here when he was 23 years old.A. has taught, has comeB. taught, comesC. taught, cameD. has taught, came43. Lets go fishing if it _ this weekend.But nobody knows if it _.A. is fine, wi

41、ll rainB. will be fine, rains C. will be fine, will rainD. is fine; rains 31. Jenny _in the chicken when you called her at 5 oclock this afternoon? A. is cooking B. was cooking C.cooks D. cooked39. Our English teacher is very nice. We _ friends since three years ago. A.were B. became C. have been D.

42、 have made31. Todays young people cant live without smart phones. They keep their hands on the phones whenever they go, even while they_meals. A. had B. will have C. are having D. were having35. Not only my friends but also I _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.A. be B. am C. is

43、D. are考點總結(jié)：動詞時態(tài)是單項選擇里比重最大的，(一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，過去將來時，現(xiàn)在進行時，過去進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時，過去完成時）當中還往往結(jié)合主謂一致一起考（主要是就近原則，就遠原則）。1） 一般現(xiàn)在時：考察較少，考到的時候會涉及名詞的可數(shù)不可數(shù)問題以及就近原則和就遠原則2） 就近原則需要注意詞匯：there be，either.or；neither.nor；not only.but also3） 就遠原則需要注意詞匯：with，along with，together with，as well as4） 一般過去時，過去進行時：多考同一個點，與when、while 兩個

44、詞有關(guān)；注意過去進行時的時間狀語詞匯：at 4 yesterday；at that time；then5） 一般將來時：if從句中的“主將從現(xiàn)”（后面條件狀語從有細講）6） 過去將來時：（主要在賓語從句中有所考到，也見后面的賓語從句細講）7） 現(xiàn)在進行時：多結(jié)合情境，表達說話那一刻或者那一段時間的狀態(tài)8） 現(xiàn)在完成時：考察的最多，而當中標志語since，for除了考察到現(xiàn)在完成時，還要注意要求必須是延續(xù)性動詞，常見的為：have been ，have been away form，have been dead，have been open，have been closed，have had，h

45、ave kept）；最后就是難度題目多集中于時態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)和題目，當中往往牽扯到現(xiàn)在完成時。9） 過去完成時：少考，如有出現(xiàn)，多出現(xiàn)在賓語從句（見后面講解）被動語態(tài)40More than two schools in the city next yearAare built Bwere built Chave built Dwill be built34Some famous paintings in the hall next weekAwill show Bwere shown Cis shown Dwill be shown45. The new library building _last w

46、eek.A. was completed B. is completed C. completed D. has completed42. The 16th Asian Games _in Guangzhou in November,2010.A. holds B. will hold C. was held D. will be held35. People who drink wine _ to drive after May Day. A. dont allowB. isnt allowedC. mustnt allowD. mustnt be allowed 35. Hot water

47、_ in the students flats from 5 pm to 7 pm now.A. supplies B. is supplied C.supplied D. was supplied42. It _ last week that the haze(霧霾)in Beijing caused many problems.A. reports B. reported C. is reported D. was reported考點總結(jié)：被動語態(tài)往往都牽涉到時態(tài)題，但從答案的辨別看來，考察時態(tài)的題目不會出現(xiàn)有被動的選擇，而考差被動的答案里面會出現(xiàn)選項是主動時態(tài)，因此可以得出，該類題目要先判斷時態(tài)，再進行判斷是否需要用被動，而在無法判斷是否要被動的時候，選擇被動。而被動的考察的時態(tài)主要是：一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，還有個別是結(jié)合情態(tài)動詞 。 動詞/動詞短語31I am sure that he is a lieAsaying Btalking Cspeaking Dtellin