【公開課課件】人教版（2019）必修一：Unit 5 Languages around the World Part 3 Discovering Useful Structures 課件

1、Part 3 Discovering Useful Structures1.The usage of when, where, why in attributive clauses;2.The usage of prep.+ which/whom in attributive clauses;3.To learn how to give reasons;Learning Objectives（一）定語從句的定義（一）定語從句的定義在復(fù)合句中，在復(fù)合句中，修飾修飾_或或_的從句叫定語的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫_，引導(dǎo)定，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫語從句的詞叫_。關(guān)系

2、詞分為關(guān)系。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系_和關(guān)系和關(guān)系_兩類兩類Revision名詞名詞代詞代詞先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞代詞代詞副詞副詞指人 指物 subject (主語)object (賓語)attribute（定語）whomwhowhichthatwhoseAttention: 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who, whom, that, which作賓語時作賓語時可以省略！可以省略！（二）關(guān)系代詞及其用法（二）關(guān)系代詞及其用法是是時間時間先行詞先行詞 when where是地點是地點Lead-in是原因是原因 why找到找到適合的關(guān)系副詞。適合的關(guān)系副詞。Restrictive relative clausesw

3、herewhenwhyrelative adverbs關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=介詞介詞 (in / on / at/for等等)whichtimeplacereason一、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句一、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句I can never forget the day when I first saw you.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記第一次見到你的日子。我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記第一次見到你的日子。Restrictive relative clauses 1when 引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞為表示時間的名詞，關(guān)系引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞為表示時間的名詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時間狀語。詞在從句中作時間狀語。注意：注意：time

4、用做先行詞用做先行詞用關(guān)系副詞用關(guān)系副詞where時，先行詞指地點，時，先行詞指地點，where在定語在定語從句中作地點狀語，從句中作地點狀語，where可換成可換成“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”。如：如：1).This is the farm where (= on which) we worked when we were young.2).The school where (= in which) his mother teaches is in the west of the city.2. where1. Ive come to the point where I cant stan

5、d him.2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。 wherewhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點的名詞，但也有示地點的名詞，但也有特殊情況特殊情況。注意：一些特殊詞之后的注意：一些特殊詞之后的where解析：解析：如果定語從句分別修飾如果定語從句分別修飾point, situation, part,

6、 point, situation, part, conditioncondition和和casecase等表示抽象意義的詞，常用等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where where 引導(dǎo)，意引導(dǎo)，意思是思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中到了某種地步，在某種境況中” ” 。Unsuccessful people can always find reasons why theyre not doing well. 不成功的人總能找到自己表現(xiàn)不好的理由。I dont believe the reason (that / which) he gave me for his being late. 我不相信他

7、給出的遲到的理由。引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞通常是定語從句時，先行詞通常是reason, , 關(guān)關(guān)系詞在從句中作原因狀語。系詞在從句中作原因狀語。3. why 注意：關(guān)系副詞注意：關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why在意義上在意義上相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“介詞介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。1. This is our school _ we study and make friends. 2.The most unforgettable school activity is the English speech contest, _we had great fun .3.We will put

8、off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better.4.There are many reasons _ people learn a foreign language.where = in whichwhere = in which when=in whichwhy=for which1.1.關(guān)系代詞的確定關(guān)系代詞的確定“介詞介詞 + + 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句 當(dāng)先行詞是人時，用介詞 + whom 引導(dǎo)定語從句，例如：Do you know the girl with _ o

9、ur teacher is talking? 當(dāng)先行詞是物時，用介詞 + which引導(dǎo)定語從句，例如：This is the room in _ my grandmother used to live.whomwhich 2. 介詞的確定介詞的確定 根據(jù)先行詞的搭配關(guān)系：根據(jù)先行詞的搭配關(guān)系：1) I still remember the day _ _ I met TF boys.2) I will never forget the farm _ _ I worked with you.3) The money _ _ you were to buy food is gone. on wh

10、ichon whichwith which“介詞介詞 + + 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句2. 介詞的確定介詞的確定 根據(jù)謂語動詞或形容詞的搭配習(xí)慣根據(jù)謂語動詞或形容詞的搭配習(xí)慣1) Do you like the book _ _ she spent $10? 2) Do you like the book _ _ she paid $10?3) The West Lake, _ _ Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. on whichfor whichfor which2. 介詞的確定介詞的確定根據(jù)句子的意思來確定根據(jù)句子的

11、意思來確定1) Air, _ which man cant live, is really important. 空氣非常重要，沒有了它人類便不能生存。 2) This is the man _ whom my brother has worked for ten years. 這就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那個人。withoutwith2. 介詞的確定介詞的確定表示表示“所有所有”或或“整體的一部分整體的一部分”時通常用介詞時通常用介詞 “of”1) He has two sons, _ graduated from Peking University. 他有兩個兒子，他們都畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)。

12、 2) Tom wrote many childrens books, nearly half _ were about campus culture. 湯姆寫了很多兒童書籍，其中將近一半是關(guān)于校園文化的。both of whomof which 找到找到適合的關(guān)系副詞。適合的關(guān)系副詞。Restrictive relative clauseswherewhenwhyrelative adverbs關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=介詞介詞 (in / on / at/for等等)whichtimeplacereasonSummary1 1. .先行詞為人先行詞為人, ,關(guān)系代詞用介詞關(guān)系代詞用介詞+ +who

13、m; ; 先行詞為物先行詞為物, ,關(guān)系代詞用關(guān)系代詞用介詞介詞+ +which;2.2.固定的動詞固定的動詞+介詞短語介詞短語,介詞不能介詞不能提前。提前。 3.3.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有時可轉(zhuǎn)換：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞有時可轉(zhuǎn)換： where, when, why = = 介詞介詞 + + which4.先行詞是先行詞是the way 時時,且從句中缺且從句中缺少方式狀語時，關(guān)系詞用少方式狀語時，關(guān)系詞用that / in which或省略或省略.想一想想一想 定語從句三步解體法：一、先找出主句；二、確定先行詞定語從句三步解體法：一、先找出主句；二、確定先行詞 三、判斷先行詞在從句中做的成分三、

14、判斷先行詞在從句中做的成分定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞副詞指人指人指物指物who(主語、賓語主語、賓語)，whom(賓語賓語)，that(主語、賓語主語、賓語), whose(定語定語)that(主語、賓語主語、賓語),which(主語、賓語主語、賓語)whose(定語定語)where (地點狀語地點狀語)when (時間狀語時間狀語)why (原因狀語原因狀語) Summary定語從句定語從句是在句子中作是在句子中作定語定語，修飾，修飾名詞名詞或或代詞代詞的從句，的從句， 又稱為又稱為形容詞性從句。形容詞性從句。這種從句由這種從句由關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞或或關(guān)系關(guān)系 副詞副詞引導(dǎo)，

15、并作句子成分。引導(dǎo)，并作句子成分。Ps:Ps:先行詞先行詞在從句中做在從句中做狀語狀語時，連接詞有時時，連接詞有時可以用可以用介詞介詞+which/whom+which/whom來替換關(guān)系副詞來替換關(guān)系副詞Practice Discovering-Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive attributive clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate? 1.It was a time when people were divided geogr

16、aphically. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chin

17、ese people.uInformation: a time for an event. uInformation: a location for an event. uInformation: a reason for an action. uInformation: a location for an action. P64頁Ex。1Use the phrases to make complete sentences.the daywhenthe reason whythe place wherethe place/ time in/at whichI was bornShe pract

18、ised Chinese calligraphy I was lateHe appreciates Chinas cultureI studyThey learnt ArabicI workShe learnt Chinese charactersP64頁Ex。2Complete the passage with the correct relative adverbs or pronouns. Add a preposition where necessary.When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue, and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country _ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. lt was exercise fo