人教版高一英語(yǔ)必修3賓語(yǔ)從句與表語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解及練習(xí)

1、名詞性從句在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。 名詞性從句的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，因此 主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、 表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。 主語(yǔ)從句： Who will win the match is still unknown.賓語(yǔ)從句：I want to know what he has told you.表語(yǔ)從句： The fact is that we have lost the game.同位語(yǔ)從句： The n ews that we won the game is excit ing.引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：連接詞不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分：t

2、hat whether ,if連接代詞：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever連接畐【J詞： when ,where ,how ,whyObject Clauses賓語(yǔ)從句一、賓語(yǔ)從句的概念：賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。位置：通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+連詞引導(dǎo)詞+賓語(yǔ)從句e.g. She askedjf these an swers were right.We can learn what we do not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A.I

3、don t knowhere we will hold the meeting.通過觀察，我們可以知道賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序：連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分1) Could you tell me.A. you will get here whe nC. get here whe n you will2) Mother asked his son whatB. whe n will you get hereD. whe n you will get herefor lunch at school.A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had3

4、) Poin ti ng to the young pla nt, he asked methat was the one we had see n in the picture.A. what B. ifC. where D. how二、連接詞1、附屬連接詞(不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分):that ,whether ,if1、 I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.2、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us用it做形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，it?？梢苑旁趧?dòng)詞think, find,

5、consider, believe, feel,make等后作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而真正的賓語(yǔ) that從句那么放在句尾此時(shí)that 一定不可 以省略I think it necessary that you should read English aloud. We heard it that she would get married n ext mon th.3、that從句位于句首時(shí)，that不可省略。That he ever said such a thing I simply don t believe.4、if和Whether的區(qū)別1、由 連詞if、whether引導(dǎo)的表示 是否的賓語(yǔ)從

6、句。Whether在從句中不做句 子的成分，一般情況下，whether和if可以替換。例：I don t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.2、下面幾種情況只能用 whether 和不定式連(whether to do sth.用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不用if引導(dǎo).例: Whether to go there hasntbeen decided.They asked me whether to go shopp ing. 賓語(yǔ)從句中有or not時(shí)不用if引導(dǎo).例: I don t know whether the star will come or not. 在介

7、詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中不用if引導(dǎo)例: I m thinking fhether we should go fishing. 賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí)：例: Whether this is true or no t, I can t say.練習(xí)：1.1 asked hershe had a bike.2. We re worried abouthe is safe.3. I won derhe is well.4. I don t knowor not he is well.5. I don t knowto go.2、連接代詞和連接副詞連接代詞： what, who, whom, whose, whic

8、h, wh+ever 連接畐寸詞：when ,where ,how ,why 因?yàn)檫B接代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不 可省略。Do you know what he said just now?I don t remembehen we arrived.I asked him where I could get so much mon ey.Please tell me who (whom) we have to see.1. Wang Hai told mehe did nt go hik ing yesterday after noonhow, why

9、2. Can you tell meelse is going to be on duty today? who, whom3. He always thinkshe can do better. how, who4. They dont knowwe are going hiki ng. (whe n, what)5.1 dont knowso many people crowd ing round him. (how, why)6. Do you knowshirt it is? (whose, who s)三、時(shí)態(tài)1. 主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定I know

10、 that he lives here.I know that he lived here ten years ago.I have heard that he will come tomorrow.2. 如果主句是過去的時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相 對(duì)應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)I knew who lived here.I saw that she was talk ing with her mother.He said that his father had gone to Beiji ng.3. 從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然

11、現(xiàn)象時(shí)，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me that the earth moves around the sun.1. The young man askedits summer or win ter.A. either B. that C. weatherD. whether2. We dont knowthey did it.A. howB. who C. whatD. which3. The teacher asks usJim can come back on time.A. thatB. if

12、C. whe nD. what time4. Does an ybody knowwe will have a sports meeti ng this weeke nd or not.A. ifB. where C. whether D. that5. Could you show me?A. how can I get to the statio n B. where is the statio nC. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station8. Some one is ringing the doorbe

13、ll. Go and see .A. who is heB. who he is C. who is itD. who it is10. He says that if ittomorrow, hefishi ng.A. will rain, wont goB. rain ed, was nt goC. rains, wont goD. rain, will goPredicative Clauses表語(yǔ)從句This is his job. This is what he does every day. 表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后。般結(jié)構(gòu)是 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句。

14、系動(dòng)詞有那些呢？常見的系動(dòng)詞分為三種：A .表示特征和狀態(tài)：be, look, sound, taste, smell, seem, appearB. 表示由一類狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)為另一類狀態(tài)：get, become, grow, turn, fall, go, come, rur等C. 表示某種狀態(tài)的： remai r, keep, prove, continue, stay等 從句連接詞分為三類：引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞一般不省略。連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though if 不引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句連接代詞:who / whom / whose / which / what連接畐

15、詞:when / where / why / how / because用橫線畫出表語(yǔ)從句： The questio n iswhether we can rely on him.That is becausewe were in n eed of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry.That is why I was late.過觀察，我們可以知道表語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序也是用陳述語(yǔ)序1、 that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，that僅起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可 省略。這種從句往往是對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用

16、。The fact is that he hasn t yet recover from illness.Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.*名詞主語(yǔ)+be+that引起的表語(yǔ)從句表示事實(shí)，真理的名詞，如：fact, truth表示看法，觀點(diǎn)、問題、麻煩的名詞，如：idea,opinion, belief, view, n ews, advice, feeli ng, suggesti on, pla n, trouble, questi on, probler等The fact is that our team has won the

17、 game.The truth is that she was the very pers on we are look ing for.2、whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，連接詞 whether起連接作用，意為“是否、究竟、到底在句中也不作任何成分注意：if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。The question is whether we can rely on him.What the doctor doubts is whether my mother will recover from the disease soon.3、連接代詞 what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起連接

18、作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng) 主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，且各有各的詞義。Tom is no Ion ger what he used to be.The questi on is which of us should come first.The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.My stron gest memory is when I atte nded an America n wedd ing.4.

19、 連接副詞where, when, why, how除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、 方式、原因狀語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。That where I can t agree with you.This is why Sara was late for the meeting.This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5. 其他連詞 as if, because, as, as though；丨導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)

20、從句通常只用于“ This/That/It is because結(jié)構(gòu)中。as if/though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常置于連系動(dòng)詞 look, seem, sound, be, becomes后面, 常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.My an ger is becauseyou have n t writte n to me for a long time.1. That sthe Party called on us to do.A. why B. what C. how D.

21、that2. The reas on ishe is un able to operate the machi ne.A. because B. why C. that D. Whether3. She lookedshe were ten years youn ger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though4. Jane is no Ion gershe was four years ago.A. what B. which C. that D. whe n5. your father wants to know isgetting on with your studi

22、es.A. What; how are youB.That; how you areC. How ； that you areD.What ； how you are6. The trouble iswe are short of tools.A. whatB. thatC. howD. why that7. America waswas first called“India by Columbus.A. what B. whereC. the place D. there where8. China is beco ming stron ger and stron ger. It is no

23、 longer.A. what it used to beB. what it was used to beingC. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be9. he really means ishe disagrees with us.A. What thatB. That whatC. What whatD. That what10. The en ergy isA. that B. which C. whatD. suchmakes the cells able to do their work.綜合練習(xí):I flew to Ne

24、w York for the talk show on TV last week .Is thatyou had a few days off?A. whyB. whe nC. whatD. whereI ask hercome with meA . if she will B . if will sheC . whether will she D . will sheIt was a matter ofwould take the positionA . who B . whoever C . whomD . whomeverIt is gen erally con sidered un wise to give a childhe or she wantsA . however B . whatever C . whicheverD . whe neverGo and get your coat Itsyou left it .A . there B . where C . there where D . where thereI won der how much.A . does the watch cost B . did the watch costC . the watch costedD . the watch costsIt washe saiddisappo