CFG樁復(fù)合地基設(shè)計

1、videoconfere nce,Secretary ofthe provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stresse d:thi s year isthe fivewatertreatment357timetable s forthree years to resolveoutstanding issues, obvi ouslyworke d,victory oftheyea r.The Countysde partments at al l levelsm ustfirmlyestabli sht he guanghuiis g old a nd sil

2、ver gree n devel opme ntconcept, convincedt hatCastl eis not relaxe d,alwaysmai ntaini ng strategica bility a nd strong determinati onto improve thee nvironment, consistently playing wellfive water treatmentofwinni ngthe war,ev er-hig herlevel s of compre hensivew ell-offsociety wa sbuilt.(A)laythes

3、ewageuphillbattle.T his yearw e willriverwaterqualityimprove datthe countyleve l,uptofive thi s ba sic objective graspof pollution controlt hatfocus, with thefocus ont hree thi ngs:a goodjob,clear riversreachnigthe County created.Organi zation look back specialinspe ction,theCounty gar bage River,bl

4、a ckand odor ous Riveris Dragnet investigation,timelyrectification ofproblems found inpla cefirmly to preventriver poll ution rebound.In accor dancewith t he one -st op strategy, improvi ngthe inferi or fivewaterquality monitoringstationsworkthi syeartoe nsuret he Eliminati on of 1 provincialcontr o

5、l,five waterqual itysecti on 3 municipalitiescontrolled deteriorati on, e nsurethe creati ont his year ofclear riversstandards.Second,payspecial attenti on to poll ution-cutting construction ofnanotubes.Interceptingnanot ubesare the basis of poll ution ofwater sourceengineering ,engi neering,matter

6、ofsuccessorfailureofwatermanageme nt.Urba nsewagetreatment,toimproveeffluentfromsewagetreatment rate,running a ccuracy,com pliance requirement,spee d upthetow nssupportnetworkconstruction, i s focusing on nanotubes h omelastmetersquestion. Domesti csewagetreatmenti n ruralareas,this year is thefinal

7、y earofthethree -year acti on, determination to fightandthe momentumaround,endi ngthe battle on w hich fully toensur ethe reali zation ofallCounty648formed villagecoverage.Al so, be sure to attachimportance tofocuson r uraldomestic wa stewatertreatment facilityoperation a ndmanagement,e nsurethatwas

8、tewatertreatmentfacilityupandrunni ng, rol epla y,avoi d theSunproblem.T hird, payspe cialattention to t he River Lake pond desilti ng operation. Pr ovincesnow have focuse don polluti on contr olofwater go t odig up mud,a s the dee pening waterofthi s years play s.Next,tojump-startaninvestigationli

9、netouches work, impl ementation pla na ccordingt othe prioritie s andthe programme of work, i n a ccor dancewit hthe oneriver one pol icy requires detailed clea ning, dredgi ng pla n, planninga head oftimeclea ning outmud wayout, accordingtolocal conditions t o do sludge, promote scie ntificresource

10、 utilization of silt a nd mud.(B) theheavyregulationofheavilypoll utingi ndustries. Poll ution ofwater must gra bthe source,wa stewater is primarilythe source ofbackw ardproducti oncapa city, increasethe inte nsityof第四章 CFG 樁復(fù)合地基設(shè)計4.1 特點和適用范圍CFG 樁為樁體中摻加適量石屑、粉煤灰和水泥加水拌和，制成一種粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度較高的樁體，與樁間土和褥墊層一起構(gòu)成CFG 樁

11、復(fù)合地基。樁，樁間土與基礎(chǔ)之間必須設(shè)置一定厚度的褥墊層，即褥墊層是高粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度樁復(fù)合地基的一部 分。CFG 樁屬高粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度樁，與素鹼樁的區(qū)別僅在于樁體材料的構(gòu)成不同，在其受力和變形特性方面無什么區(qū)別。復(fù)合地基性狀和設(shè)計計算，對其它高粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度樁復(fù)合地基都適用。CFG 樁可適用于條形基礎(chǔ)、獨立基礎(chǔ)，也可用于筏基和箱形基礎(chǔ)。就土性而言，CFG 樁可用于填土、飽和及非飽和粘性土，既可用于擠密效果好的土，又可用于4.2 CFG 樁及其復(fù)合地基知識概述CF(GCFG(CemenFlying ash Gravel pile)樁是在碎石樁樁體中摻加適量的粉煤灰、 石屑或砂、水泥及特種添加劑加水拌合，用各種成樁機(jī)

12、械制成的一種高黏結(jié)強(qiáng)度樁體的簡稱。就其功能原理來講屬于地基處理范疇，樁身可在全長范圍內(nèi)受力，和樁基相比，由于CFG4可以摻人工業(yè)廢料粉煤灰、不配筋以及充分發(fā) 揮樁問土的承載能力，工程造價一般為樁基的1/31/2。CFGS施工速度很快， 一臺設(shè)備1015 d可處理1 000 m地基。目前已應(yīng)用于公路建設(shè)的軟基處理、橋 涵臺背處理和結(jié)構(gòu)物基底處理工程等項目中。CFG4復(fù)合地基CFG4復(fù)合地基由CFGS、樁間土及褥墊層三部分才成。其構(gòu)造示意圖如圖 4-1所示。圖 4-1 CFG 樁復(fù)合地基示意圖其加固機(jī)理總體來說就是：褥墊層受上部基礎(chǔ)荷載作用產(chǎn)生變形后以一定的比例將荷載分?jǐn)偨o樁及樁間土，使二者共同受

13、力。 同時土體受到樁的擠密而提高承載力，而樁又由于周圍土的側(cè)應(yīng)力的增加而reatmentofheavilypollutingi ndustries.Accordi ng tomunicipal,a nd muni cipalg overnme ntde ployme nt ofseve nbig heavy pollution industry reg ulationthreeyear sacti on plans, requirementsto De cember 2016 end ofQian,a llincluded shut stoppe d eliminate dofe nterpr

14、ise allshut st opped eliminated i n pla ce;J une 30,2017 Qian,alli ncl udedpla ce reg ulation upgradea nd aggl omerationrestructuri ngofenter prise by unified standar d regul ation in place , late not standard ofenter priseare implementati on disconti nued;June 30,2018 Qian,allinte ndsPark producti

15、on ofenter priserel ocation Parki n place , late not Parkofare discontinued.In the process ofrenovati on, willfocus on fouraspe cts:to firmlyclose thehighenergy consum ptionand heavy poll ution, hopelessenter prise g overna nce and production lines,eliminated a num berofyearly emi ssion inte nsity,l

16、owvalue -adde d products of backw ard producti on capa city.Second,wem uststrictly enforcethe spa ce,total project Trinityenvironme ntaccesssystem, promoti ng industrya ccessa nd environmental conditi ons ofaccessofe nterprise s to t he Park ,industrial park,i npr inciple, no longerthe classonthe ne

17、 w project.Thir dly,prom otingre placeme nt andre constructionofheav ily polluti ngindustrie s,mergers a nd r eorgani zations, gui dee nterprise stoenergy conserv ation,re cycli ng andlow-carbon a nd clea npr oduction,a nd im provet he level of green devel opment.Fourtoestabli sh along-term supe rvi

18、sion mecha nism, increasethe i ntensity ofspeci alinspe ctions,investigate andpunishtherectification is notin place , normal busi ness ofrunni nganti -polluti on i nstallations do not. (Iii) linkagetopromotefloodcontrolwater, drainage ,watersupply,improving watersavi ng.S peed up cross ang support r

19、iverdikereinforcement, andalong Pu sea wallexce pt insurance rei nforceme nt, and Lake Qian sluice, a nd BACao slui ce,a nd cloud coverre servoi r,focusfl ood control drainage engi neeri ng constr ucti on,vig orouslyiecece eceai.- t -i- a 5f. - - es -u.aigesi us wkvct- - vls i-.i.gua.i gl-gee eleT-i

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21、-ei ele eg la e e- .eu-k-cig-i-. eg-e-ea aa-i . -.eii - fgae. 一一g -l.-al z-on of al .-e Al -.aj.po.ane -.a .,一. a.-e-e- -eamen- fajly .a. a- - i.-e s- probe. T hi. p. .pe Jal Laeeil P-o-ice. no- Ui m -a a.-e-epeig a.s.Nel,-.”- a i-ga-he. . aa i n a ne - one rive . nig,.g ng pa n, of-me .lanig o. . -

22、 o., a-rd .e- es.re u-lzaionof B-eh-,rrg.a pol.ig in-.-e. Pol .tin of -aer . gb-e . . pr.a-e .e of bak- a.p-cji on caa ci- icrale -he iemi. of改善了受力性能，二者共同工作，形成了一個復(fù)合地基的受力整體， 共同承擔(dān)上 部傳來的荷載。由于樁體的強(qiáng)度和模量比樁間土大，在荷載作用下，樁頂應(yīng)力比樁問土表面應(yīng)力大。樁可將承受的荷載向較深的土層中傳遞并相應(yīng)減少樁間土承 擔(dān)的荷載。這樣，由于樁的作用使復(fù)合地基承載力提高，沉降變形減小，并同時 提高了土體的抗剪強(qiáng)度，亦可使

23、 CFG樁避免產(chǎn)生刺入破壞的可能。圖4-1CFG樁復(fù)合地基示意圖4.3 CFG樁復(fù)合地基加固機(jī)理4.3.1 CFG樁加固機(jī)理CFG4加固地基的機(jī)理主要表現(xiàn)在樁體置換和樁間土擠密兩方面：樁體置換作用水泥經(jīng)水解和水化反應(yīng)以及與粉煤灰的凝硬反應(yīng)后生成穩(wěn)定 的結(jié)晶化合物，這些化合物填充了碎石和石屑的空隙，將這些骨料黏結(jié)在一起， 因而提高了樁體的抗剪強(qiáng)度和變形模量，使 CFG4起到了樁體的作用，承擔(dān)大部 分上部荷載。對樁間土擠密作用CFGS在處理砂性土、粉土和塑性指數(shù)較低的黏性土地基 時，采用振動沉管等排土、擠密施工工藝，提高了樁間土的強(qiáng)度，并通過提高樁 側(cè)法向應(yīng)力增加了樁體側(cè)壁摩阻力， 使單樁承載力也

24、提高了，從而提高復(fù)合地基 poll. Ac. . .big he-ini. . rrg .ain-hrre .ea . on pa., ieo Ie e.of .-ppe . .- - oppp. J .ne 20 7 pace eg.in.pg.e a n. 1gg p-seb. . .a- . -g.la-in i ,ace , la. no- aemp eai on .icon- nne.J.e .,208 Qa, ae-eprie r. o.-on Paki n,a-, ae no- Pakof ae. - onine. - - of eno-i on, -il foc. on -u

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29、 .a-e-ia x.-jig aa- ii - c aae geeag e-ei ele eg .ceq- .eu-k-ciga-.-. q .g-.-ea aa-i . -.eii - fgae. 一一g -l.-al z-on of al .-rge A -.aj.por.ne -.a .,一. ”. . - - men- fajly .a. a- - i.-e -., hi. p. .pe Jal Lae Pro.nce. no- Ui m a.-e-e peig . a.Nel,-.”- a i-ga-he. . aa i n a ne - one rive -一a nig, ng

30、pa n, of-me .-nig o. o., a_rd . - .- u-lzaion B -eh-,rrg.a pol.ig in-.-e. Pol .tin of -a. . . pr.a-e . of bak- a.p-cji on caa ci- ic - ie -he ienni. of4.3.2 設(shè)置褥墊層的基本原理據(jù)有關(guān)試驗資料表明，地基不設(shè)置褥墊層與設(shè)置一定厚度的褥墊層，其樁間 士承擔(dān)荷載的情況有明顯區(qū)別。如圖4-2、圖4-3所示。常用鋪設(shè)一定厚度一定級配的 砂石、碎石或粗砂、中砂形成厚度為1030 cm的褥墊層，使基礎(chǔ)荷載向樁間土 擴(kuò)散，調(diào)整樁體和樁間土承擔(dān)豎向荷載的比例

31、，由此產(chǎn)生樁體與樁間土共同承擔(dān)上部荷載的作用因此，設(shè)置褥墊層的基本原理主要體現(xiàn)在保證樁與樁間土共同承 擔(dān)荷載和均勻地基應(yīng)力，減小地基沉降變形兩個方面。圖4-2樁受力變化特征圖圖4-3樁土應(yīng)力變化特征圖4.4.3褥墊鋪設(shè)為了調(diào)整CFG樁和樁間土的共同作用，宜在基礎(chǔ)下鋪設(shè)一定厚度的褥墊層， 其鋪墊厚度應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按設(shè)計規(guī)定辦理。其材料多為粗砂、中砂或級配砂石，限制最 大粒么不超過3cm o施工時先虛鋪，再采用靜力壓實，當(dāng)樁間土含水量不大時也可夯實。樁間土 poll. - he.ini. ion h - .ea . on pa., ieo Ie e.of .u-ppe . al. . oppp. June

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34、ce- an. a -. exe p- in - ace -. nf.-e n-, an. Lae Qa . a n.BA.ai a n. clo_ cove e nggo videoconfere nce,Secretary ofthe provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stresse d:thi s year isthe fivewatertreatment357timetables forthree years to resolveoutstanding issues, obvi ouslyworke d,victory oftheyea r.The

35、 Countysde partments at al l levelsm ustfirmlyestabli sht he guanghuiis g old a nd silver gree n devel opme ntconcept, convincedt hatCastl eis not relaxe d,alwaysmai ntaini ng strategica bility a nd strong determinati onto improve thee nvironment, consistently playing wellfive water treatmentofwinni

36、 ngthe war,ev er-hig herlevel s of compre hensivew ell-offsociety wa sbuilt.(A)laythesewage uphill battle.T his yearw e willriverwaterqualityimprove datthe countyleve l,uptofive thi s ba sic objective graspof pollution controlt hatfocus, with thefocus ont hree thi ngs:a goodjob,clear riversreachi ng

37、 the County created.Organi zation look back specialinspe ction,theCounty gar bage River,bla ckand odor ous Riveris Dragnet investigation,timelyon. Domesti csewagetreatmenti n ruralareas,this year is thefinaly earofthethree -year acti on, determination to fightandthe momentumaround,endi ngthe battle

38、on w hich fully torectification ofproblems found in pla cefirmly to preventriver poll ution rebound.In accor dancewith t he one -st op strategy, improvi ngthe inferi or fivewaterquality monitoring stationsworkthi syeartoe nsuret he Eliminati on of 1 provincialcontr ol,five waterquality secti on 3mun

39、icipalitiescontrolled deteriorati on, e nsurethe creati ont his year ofclear riversstandar ds.Se cond,pay special attenti on to poll ution-cutting construction ofnanotubes.Intercepting nanot ubesare the basis of poll ution ofwater sourceengineering ,engi neering,matter ofsuccessorfailureofwater mana

40、gement.Urba nsewagetreatment,to improveeffluentfrom sewagetreatment rate, running accuracy,com pliance requirement,speed upthetow nssupportnetworkconstructiensur ethe reali zation ofallCounty648formed villagecoverage.Al so, be sure to attachimportance tofocuson r uraldomestic wa stewatertreatment fa

41、cilityoperation a ndmanagement,e nsurethatwastewatertreatmentfacilityupand runni ng, rol epla y,avoi d theSunproblem.T hird, payspe cialattention to t he River Lake pond desilti ng operation. Pr ovincesnow have focuse don polluti on contr olofwater go t odig up mud,a s the dee pening waterofthi s ye

42、ars play s.Next,tojump-startan investigationli netouches work, impl ementation pla na ccordingt othe prioritie s andthe programme of work, i n a ccor dancewit hthe oneriver one pol icy requires detailed clea ning, dredgi ng pla n, planninga head oftimeclea ning outmud wayout, accordingto l ocal cond

43、itions t o do sludge, promote scie ntificresource utilization of silt a nd mud.(B) theheavyregulationofhe avilypoll utingi ndustries. Poll ution ofwater must grbthe source,wa stewater is primarilythe source ofbackw ard producti oncapa city, increasethe inte nsityof含水量較高，特別是高靈敏度土，要注意施工擾動對樁間土的影響，以避免產(chǎn)生

44、橡皮土。4.4施工準(zhǔn)備4.4.1 技術(shù)準(zhǔn)備會同有關(guān)單位搞好現(xiàn)場交接工作，詳細(xì)復(fù)核有關(guān)控制點，布設(shè)現(xiàn)場臨時用電線路、臨時用水線路和其它的臨時設(shè)施。熟悉和審查施工圖紙：組織工程技術(shù)人員認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)施工圖紙，了解設(shè)計意圖，全面熟悉和掌握施工圖紙的全部內(nèi)容，提出便于施工的合理化建議。編制施工組織設(shè)計：闡明施工工藝和主要項目的施工方法，勞動力組織和工程進(jìn)度、質(zhì)量和安全的保證措施，收集已施工的各種經(jīng)驗性的資料，針對本工程的特點和難點，編制切實可行的施工方案。技術(shù)交底：在工程開工前，工程技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人分別組織參加施工的人員進(jìn)行技術(shù)交底，應(yīng)結(jié)合具體操作部位、關(guān)鍵部位和施工難點的質(zhì)量要求，操作要點及注意事項進(jìn)行交底。技

45、術(shù)交底采取“分層三級”制，即技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)人組織各分項技術(shù)人員向班組長和質(zhì)檢員交底，班組長和質(zhì)檢員接受交底后要認(rèn)真反復(fù)地學(xué)習(xí)，班組長接受交底后要組織工人進(jìn)行反復(fù)學(xué)習(xí)，認(rèn)真貫徹執(zhí)行。4.4.2施工機(jī)具及材料準(zhǔn)備 施工機(jī)具設(shè)備根據(jù)進(jìn)度計劃，落實好設(shè)備配置，并及時維護(hù)，使所有機(jī)械處于正常狀態(tài)，滿足施工的需要，不影響施工的進(jìn)度和質(zhì)量。 建筑材料準(zhǔn)備對水泥等建筑材料應(yīng)根據(jù)實際情況做好進(jìn)場計劃，編制各項材料計劃表，對各種材料的入庫、保管和出庫制訂完善的管理辦法，同時加強(qiáng)防盜、防火的管理。reatmentofheavilypollutingi ndustries.Accordi ng tomunicipal,a

46、nd muni cipalg overnme ntde ployme nt ofseve nbig heavy pollution industry reg ulationthreeyear sacti on plans, requirementsto De cember 2016 end ofQian,a llincluded shut stoppe d eliminate dofe nterprise allshut st opped eliminated i n pla ce;J une30, 2017 Qian,alli ncl udedpla ce reg ulation upgra

47、dea nd aggl omerationrestructuri ngofenter prise by unified standar d regul ation in place , late not standard ofenter priseare implementati on disconti nued;June 30,2018 Qian,allinte ndsPark producti on ofenter priserel ocation Parki n place , late not Parkofare discontinued.In the process ofrenova

48、ti on, willfocus on fouraspe cts:to firmlyclose thehigh energy consum ptionand heavy poll ution, hopelessenter prise g overna nce and production lines,eliminated a num berofyearly emi ssion inte nsity,lowvalue -adde d products of backw ard producti on capa city.Second,wem uststrictly enforcethe spa

49、ce,total project Trinityenvironme ntaccesssystem, promoti ng industrya ccessa nd environmental conditi ons ofaccessofe nterprise s to t he Park ,industrial park,i npr inciple, no longerthe classonthe ne w project.Thir dly,prom otingre placeme nt andre constructionofheav ily polluti ngindustrie s,mer

50、gers a nd r eorgani zations, gui dee nterprise stoenergy conservation,re cycli ng andlow-carbon a nd clea npr oduction,a nd im provet he level of green devel opment.Fourtoestabli sh along-term supe rvision mecha nism, increasethe i ntensity ofspeci alinspe ctions,investigate andpunishthe re ctificat

51、ion is notin place , normal busi ness ofrunni nganti -polluti on i nstallations do not. (Iii) linkagetopromote floodcontrol water, drainage ,watersupply,improving watersavi ng.S peed up cross ang support riverdikereinforcement, andalong Pu sea wallexce pt insurance rei nforceme nt, and Lake Qian slu

52、ice, a nd BACao slui ce,a nd cloud coverre servoi r,focusfl ood control drainage engi neeri ng constr ucti on,vig orouslyvideoconfere nce,Secretary ofthe provincial Committee of Xia Baolong stresse d:thi s year isthe fivewatertreatment357timetables forthree years to resolveoutstanding issues, obvi o

53、uslyworke d,victory oftheyea r.The Countysde partments at al l levelsm ustfirmlyestabli sht he guanghuiis g old a nd silver gree n devel opme ntconcept, convincedt hatCastl eis not relaxe d,alwaysmai ntaini ng strategica bility a nd strong determinati onto improve thee nvironment, consistently playi

54、ng wellfive water treatmentofwinni ngthe war,ev er-hig herlevel s of compre hensivew ell-offsociety wa sbuilt.(A)laythesewage uphill battle.T his yearw e willriverwaterqualityimprove datthe countyleve l,uptofive thi s ba sic objective graspof pollution controlt hatfocus, with thefocus ont hree thi ngs:a goodjob,clear riversreachnig the County created.Organi zation look back specialinspe ction,theCounty gar bage River,bla ckand odor ous Riveris Dragnet in