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1、Lesson 03 Please Send Me a CardNew words and expressions 】 ( 11)sendv. 寄,送postcardn. 明信片spoilv. 使索然無(wú)味,損壞museumn. 博物館publicadj. 公共的friendlyadj. 友好的waitern. 服務(wù)員,招待員lendv. 借給decisionn. 決定wholeadj. 整個(gè)的singleadj. 唯一的,單一的 send v. 寄 , 送 ;n. 上升運(yùn)動(dòng)send a letter 寄信send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth.給某人送(寄)什么東西send

2、/take children to schooltake 強(qiáng)調(diào)某人親自送; send 則是通過(guò)第三人去送, 如美國(guó)的校車take flowers to his wife 自己送send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送send off寄出;為一送行;解雇;派遣send away 解雇;開除;攆走;放send forth 發(fā)出;散發(fā);發(fā)生;放出Send Feedback 發(fā)送反饋;刪除反饋按鈕send PM 短消息;短訊息 postcard n. 明信片兩個(gè)爆破音在一起,前者失去爆破音。這里/t/ 和 /k/ 前者失去爆破音name card /visiting card 名

3、片Here is my name card.( 口語(yǔ)常用, 同時(shí)伴隨著遞出的動(dòng)作)ID card 身份證(ID 身份)credit card 信用卡cash card 現(xiàn)金卡 , 儲(chǔ)蓄卡 , 工資卡 ( 不能透支的那種) spoil (spoiled , spoilt) v. 使索然無(wú)味, 損壞;寵壞,慣壞,溺愛 vt. 弄壞,損壞,糟蹋The sad news spoiled our weekend. 這不幸的消息使我們沒(méi)能過(guò)好周末。The rain spoiled the school sports.這場(chǎng)雨把學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)弄得一團(tuán)糟。This spoiled my day.What you s

4、aid spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my holiday. vt. 寵壞,慣壞,溺愛Don t spoil your children.His parents spoiled the boy.不能太慣孩子。spoil : 把東西的質(zhì)量變得不好; 生活中不順心的事; 寵壞 , 溺愛break : 打破 ; break the windows 打破玻璃damage: 破壞 , 程度不一定很重destroy : 破壞 , 徹底摧毀break 、 damage、 destroy 是指 物理上 的破壞 , 而 spoil 主要指 精神上 的 museum n. 博物館P

5、alace Museum 故宮Metropolitan Museum 大都會(huì)博物館Museum of Natural History 美國(guó)自然歷史博物館British Museum 不列顛博物館Louvre Museum 盧浮宮Metropolitan Museum of Art 大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館Guggenheim Museum 古根海姆博物館(位于美國(guó)紐約)historical museum 歷史博物館 Olympic Museum 奧林匹克博物館 art museum 美術(shù)館,美術(shù)博物館;藝術(shù)博物館 national museum 國(guó)家博物館 history museum 歷史博物館 s

6、cience museum 科學(xué)博物館;科技館;科學(xué)館 military museum 軍事博物館 space museum 太空館;太空博物館 wax museum 蠟像館 geological museum 地質(zhì)博物館 public adj. 公共的;公開的n. 公眾 adj. 公共的,公眾的,社會(huì)的There is a public library in this town.I always sit in public gardens on Sundays. adj. 公開的,眾人皆知的Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later

7、. 才被公開。他們的秘密會(huì)晤20 年以后public house (酒吧)簡(jiǎn)稱pubpublic place 公共場(chǎng)所in public 公開的-in private 私下里的Let s have a conversation in private.Why not have a conversation in public? n. 公眾,群眾,大眾The public is/are pleased with his explanation.The museum is open to the public on Sunday.讓我們私下談?wù)?為什么不公開談呢?( 當(dāng)面說(shuō)呢?)公眾對(duì)他的解釋很滿意

8、。 friendly adj. 友好的;親切的;支持的;融洽的,和睦的adv. 友善地;溫和地friendly 是形容詞,單獨(dú)使用時(shí)一般做定語(yǔ);作為狀語(yǔ)表示這個(gè)人做什么事情很友好用短語(yǔ) in a friendly wayHe is not very friendly to John.She gave me a friendly greeting.He always greets me in a friendly way.以 -ly 結(jié)尾的形容詞還有l(wèi)ovely , brotherly , fatherly , manly, motherly waiter n. 服務(wù)員 , 招待員waiter(

9、 男服務(wù)員), waitress( 女服務(wù)員), 只出現(xiàn)在餐館里chief waiter/head waiter 領(lǐng)班I want to see the chief waiter.我要見你們的領(lǐng)班。shop assistant 商店里的店員attendant n. (其他公共場(chǎng)所的)服務(wù)員 lend v. 借給;貸款lend to (借出) : lend sth. to sb./lend sb. sth.Can you lend me $20 please? I ll pay/give it back tomorrow.borrow from (借進(jìn)) : borrow sth. from s

10、b. / borrow sth. ( borrow 不能用 borrow sb sth. )He borrowed my pen yesterday. He hasn t given me it yet.lend itself to 適用于,適宜于;有助于lend a helping hand 伸出援助之手,助一臂之力lend support to 支持;支援lend an ear 傾聽lend out 租出去;借出lend one's countenance to 贊成;支持 decision n. 決定,決心;決議make /take a decision 作出決定It was n

11、ot easy for me to make/take this decision.Are you made/taken a decision?make a big/great decision (big :重大;great :偉大 , 更重大 )determination n 決心decision making 判定,決策decision support 決策支持decision support system 決策支持系統(tǒng);判定支援系統(tǒng)final decision最后決定decision tree 決策樹,決策圖表decision model決策模型strategic decision 戰(zhàn)略

12、決策管理決策 決策人 決策表;判定表判定方法,決策方法政策決定;方針決策決策分析判定過(guò)程 決策論 法院判決;法院裁定management decision decision maker decision table decision method policy decision decision analysis decision process decision theorycourt decisiondecision problem 判定問(wèn)題group decision making 群體決策;團(tuán)體決策decide v. 決定 vt. 決定;解決;判決settle, condition,

13、conclude vi. 決定,下決心will, determine todecide on 決定;選定decide for作對(duì)有利的決定;贊成做某事decide upon 考慮后決定;對(duì)作出決定decide against決定不;作出不利于的判決 whole adj. 整個(gè)的a whole bottle of milk一整瓶牛奶the whole ,the whole day 整天,two whole weeks 整整兩星期all th ,all the day (the可省略)整天all of 后面如果加代詞, 代詞前面不需要修飾詞;一旦要加名詞, 前面一定要加theall of us (

14、代詞) ; all of the students (名詞) single adj. 唯一的 , 單一的double 雙倍的trible 三倍的【 Text 】Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not

15、 understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!參考譯文:明信片總攪得我假日不得安寧. 去年夏

16、天, 我去了意大利. 我參觀了博物館, 還去了公園 . 一位好客的服務(wù)員教了我?guī)拙湟獯罄Z(yǔ), 之后還借給我一本書. 我讀了幾行, 但一個(gè)字也不懂. 我每天都想著明信片的事. 假期過(guò)得真快, 可我還沒(méi)有給我的朋友們寄過(guò)一張明信片. 到了最后一天, 我作出了一項(xiàng)重大決定. 我早早起了床, 買來(lái)了 37 張明信片.我在房間里關(guān)了整整一天. 然而竟連一張明信片也沒(méi)寫成!【課文講解】1 、 Last summer, I went to Italy.last adj. 上一個(gè)last summer 里的 last 表示“上一個(gè)” adj. 最后一個(gè),表示“最后一個(gè)”時(shí)要加冠詞 thethe last da

17、y 最后一天(具體到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on)2 、 A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.Italian 于 Italy 注意重讀音的位置不同teach sb. sth. 教某人做某事He teaches our English.( 錯(cuò) )He teaches us English.( 對(duì) )語(yǔ)言不可數(shù), 所以要用a little Italian 或 a few words of ItalianI can speak a little English/a few words of English.a few 可與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

18、連用,表示肯定,含有some, a small number of (一些,少數(shù)幾個(gè))的意思。The police would like to ask him a few questions.警察要問(wèn)他一些問(wèn)題。a little 與不可數(shù)名詞連用,表肯定,表示一些、一點(diǎn)等含義。few+可數(shù)名詞little+ 不可數(shù)名詞表 否定3 、 Everyday I thought about postcards.think about/of 考慮 , 思考,指某一段時(shí)間一直在想/ 考慮某事, think of 還可指想到What do you think of?What do you think of

19、TV program last night?What do you think of the weather today?你覺得天氣怎么樣?think over仔細(xì)考慮,反復(fù)思考think better of經(jīng)過(guò)考慮對(duì)改變主意think back 會(huì)想think nothing of 視為平常What s the weather like today?cold, chilly(非常非常冷), freezeI'll freeze.我要凍僵了4 、 I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card! sp

20、end 與表示時(shí)間的詞或短語(yǔ)連和時(shí),意思為“花(時(shí)間) ”、 “度過(guò)”spend+時(shí)間+地點(diǎn):在什么地點(diǎn)我花費(fèi)/度過(guò)了多少時(shí)間I spend three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mother's.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)spend 還可以表示“花錢”If we spend all the money, we ll be poor again.I can t spend any

21、 more on this car.spend oneself 精疲力竭,耗盡精力spend money 花錢;破費(fèi)spend on 在方面花費(fèi)spend money on 花多少錢買某物spend time 花時(shí)間;消磨時(shí)間spend time doing花費(fèi)時(shí)間做spend and be spent 出錢又出力 源自圣經(jīng)【 Key structures 】一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束的事件、動(dòng)作或情況。它通常指動(dòng)作何時(shí)發(fā)生,而不指動(dòng)作持續(xù)多久。Do you ever catch a cold in the winter?Yes, I caught a cold la

22、st winter.【 Special Difficulties 】直接賓語(yǔ)與間接賓語(yǔ)雙賓語(yǔ):直接賓語(yǔ)( 表示動(dòng)作結(jié)果,動(dòng)作所涉及的事物) 和間接賓語(yǔ)( 動(dòng)作目標(biāo),動(dòng)作是誰(shuí)做的或?yàn)檎l(shuí)做的,通常是人) 。間接賓語(yǔ)大多數(shù)情況下置于直接賓語(yǔ)之前,如果間接賓語(yǔ)在后, 間接賓主前必須加“ to ”(表示動(dòng)作對(duì)什么人做) 或 “ for ”(表示動(dòng)作為什么人而做) 。give sb. sth./give sth to sb間接賓語(yǔ)在后面時(shí),其前必須加to(對(duì)而言)或for(為而做)??梢苑g為“給”、“替”、“為”的,就用 for ;如果只能翻譯為“給”的 , 就用 to與 to 相連的 give, ta

23、ke, pass, read, sell,buy, pay, hand, bring , show, promise ,offer , owetake flowers to my wife.與 for 相連的buy, order, make, findI buy a book for you .make a cake for youfind sth. for sb.do sb. a favor 幫某人一個(gè)忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me?幫我一個(gè)忙I do something for you.Can I order something for y

24、ou?Can I buy you a bottle of beer ?意為我請(qǐng)你喝杯酒的意思【 Multiple choice questions 】4 _a_ him a few words of Italian? The waiter.a. Whotaught b. Whodid teach c. What did he teach d. Whomdid he teach人做主語(yǔ)提問(wèn) who 對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn) whomwho既可以對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)也可以對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn),而whom只能對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)如果對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn), 則句子的語(yǔ)序和陳述句語(yǔ)序一樣;如果對(duì)非主語(yǔ)來(lái)提問(wèn), 則句子要使用特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序Who/Whom did the waiter teach a few words of Italian?5 He was a friendly waiter. H

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