§2 AC-DC Converte-2009-9分享資料

1、Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems1 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University 2 AC/ DC RectifierDr. Mao xingkui2022/3/112022/3/11College of Electrical&Automation Engineering, Fuzhou UniversityEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems2 2022/

2、3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University單相半波可控單相半波可控a. 純阻性負載純阻性負載b. 純感性負載純感性負載c. 阻感負載阻感負載Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems3 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University改進單相半波可控改進單相半波可控Energy Systems11-Mar-22 De

3、lta Energy Systems4 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University單相橋式全控單相橋式全控a. 純阻性負載純阻性負載b. 阻感性負載，阻感性負載，且且=L/R=L/RT T ZEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems5 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou Universityc. 反電動勢反電動勢

4、+阻感性阻感性負載負載(=L/R=L/RT T)b)idOEudtIdOtb)idOEudtIdOtdOEudtIdOtEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems6 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou UniversityEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems7 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation

5、of Fuzhou University單相全波可控整流電路單相全波可控整流電路單相橋式半控整流電路單相橋式半控整流電路Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems8 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University主要內(nèi)容主要內(nèi)容2.2 三相三相 SCR 可控硅可控硅Rectifier2.3 變壓器漏感對變壓器漏感對RectifierRectifier的影響的影響2.4 電容濾波不控電容濾波不控RectifierRectifier

6、2.5 RectifierRectifier的的Harmonics Harmonics 和和PFPF2.6 RectifierRectifier的有源逆變狀態(tài)的有源逆變狀態(tài)Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems9 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University一一. 三相半波三相半波2.2 三相三相 SCR 可控硅可控硅Rectifier應(yīng)用：負載容量較大，輸出電壓紋波小應(yīng)用：負載容量較大，輸出電壓紋波小 1.電路原理圖電路

7、原理圖a. 一次側(cè)三角形一次側(cè)三角形,二次側(cè)星形二次側(cè)星形 b. 晶閘管共陰極接法晶閘管共陰極接法 c. 電壓最高的相導(dǎo)通，輸出脈動電壓最高的相導(dǎo)通，輸出脈動3次（脈波數(shù)），周次（脈波數(shù)），周 期期2/3 Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems10 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University. Z=R Z=R 自然換相點自然換相點: :各相晶閘管能觸發(fā)導(dǎo)通的最早時刻各相晶閘管能觸發(fā)導(dǎo)通的最早時刻, , a=0 a=0 ,

8、 ,電角度為電角度為3030 。數(shù)量關(guān)系：數(shù)量關(guān)系：Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems11 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou UniversityEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems12 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University. Z=R+jL,Z=R

9、+jL,且且=L/R=L/RT T a a3030o o: :與純阻性負載相同與純阻性負載相同 a30a30o o：不同于純阻性負載：不同于純阻性負載導(dǎo)通角都相同：導(dǎo)通角都相同：=2/3=2/3Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems13 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University二二. 三相全橋三相全橋1.電路原理圖電路原理圖a. 一次側(cè)三角形一次側(cè)三角形b. 晶閘管共陰極、晶閘管共陰極、 共陽極接法共陽極接法 c. 工

10、作時序工作時序/導(dǎo)通相導(dǎo)通相共陰極：共陰極：電壓最高相；電壓最高相；共陽極：共陽極：電壓最低的相，即電壓最低的相，即 對線電壓進行整流，一個周期輸出脈動對線電壓進行整流，一個周期輸出脈動6次，次， 即輸出電壓周期為即輸出電壓周期為2/6Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems14 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou UniversityEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems15 2022

11、/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University. Z=R Z=R -300數(shù)量關(guān)系：數(shù)量關(guān)系：Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems16 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou Universitya=0a=00 0a=60a=600 0a=90a=900 0Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Ener

12、gy Systems17 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University. Z=R+jL,Z=R+jL,且且=L/R=L/RT T a a6060o o: :與純阻性負載相同與純阻性負載相同 a60a60o o：不同于純阻性負載：不同于純阻性負載導(dǎo)通角都相同：導(dǎo)通角都相同：=/3=/3ReturnReturnEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems18 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Elect

13、rical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University2.3 變壓器漏感對變壓器漏感對RectifierRectifier的影響的影響ReturnReturniKEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems19 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of

14、Fuzhou University2.4 2.4 電容濾波不控電容濾波不控RectifierRectifier一一. 單相單相1.電路原理圖電路原理圖2工作原理及波形圖工作原理及波形圖U Ud d=1.2U=1.2U2 2，當，當=RC =RC （3-53-5）T/2 T/2 ；最??；最小U Ud d=0.9U=0.9U2 2由由、R R、C C決定決定 Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems20 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou

15、University2.5 RectifierRectifier的的Harmonics Harmonics 和和PFPF一諧波與無功危害一諧波與無功危害1 1諧波諧波(harmonics)(harmonics) 2. 2. 無功無功(reactive power)(reactive power) 二二H H與與R R分析基礎(chǔ)分析基礎(chǔ)1 1HarmonicsHarmonicsHRHRi i=In/I=In/I1 1* *100%100%，InIn，I I1 1：RMSRMS THD=ITHD=Ih h/I/I1 1* *100%100%，I Ih h：總諧波電流：總諧波電流RMSRMSEnerg

16、y Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems21 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University2 2Power Factor Power Factor 正弦電路正弦電路 Active power P =UIcos=P/S=I1/Icos=cosApparent power S= UIReactive power Q=UIsin 非正弦電路非正弦電路 Active power P=UI1cos Apparent power S= UIEne

17、rgy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems22 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University三三阻感負載阻感負載可控整流可控整流 1 1單相橋式全控單相橋式全控=cos=0.9cos=cos=0.9cos 2 2三相橋式全控三相橋式全控諧波：奇次諧波諧波：奇次諧波=cos=0.955cos=cos=0.955cos 諧波：諧波：6k6k1(k1(k為正整數(shù)為正整數(shù)) )四電容濾波不控四電容濾波不控1 1單相橋式全控：單相橋式全控：奇

18、次諧波奇次諧波2 2三相橋式全控：三相橋式全控：6k6k1(k1(k為正整數(shù)為正整數(shù)) )諧波諧波五整流輸出電壓、電流諧波五整流輸出電壓、電流諧波：mkmk次（次（m:m:脈波數(shù)）脈波數(shù)） ReturnReturnEnergy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems232.6 2.6 大功率可控整流電路大功率可控整流電路- -帶平衡帶平衡電抗器的雙反星形可控整流電路電抗器的雙反星形可控整流電路Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems240a)b)c)d)ia1Id180360ia2iab2iAIdiab2ttt

19、t000Id2333Id33IdId323(1+ )Id323(1+)Id33Id132.6 2.6 大功率可控整流電路大功率可控整流電路- -多重化多重化- -移相控制移相控制Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems252.6 2.6 大功率可控整流電路大功率可控整流電路- -多重化多重化- -順序控制順序控制db)c)iId2 IduOp+Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems26 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Aut

20、omation of Fuzhou University2.7 RectifierRectifier的有源逆變狀態(tài)的有源逆變狀態(tài)一一. 逆變逆變 1. 逆變逆變直流電轉(zhuǎn)換為交流電。直流電轉(zhuǎn)換為交流電。有源逆變：交流側(cè)與電網(wǎng)連接；反之為無源有源逆變：交流側(cè)與電網(wǎng)連接；反之為無源逆變逆變。2. 逆變條件逆變條件 . 90. 900 0 ，輸出電壓為負值；，輸出電壓為負值；. . 負載中要有反電動勢。負載中要有反電動勢。Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems27 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical E

21、ng. &Automation of Fuzhou University 直流發(fā)電機電動機之間電能的流轉(zhuǎn)a）兩電動勢同極性EG EM b）兩電動勢同極性EM EG c）兩電動勢反極性，形成短路Energy Systems11-Mar-22 Delta Energy Systems28 2022/3/11 Dr. Mao Department of Electrical Eng. &Automation of Fuzhou University3. 逆變角逆變角 逆變角逆變角=-，以自然換相點為起始點，以自然換相點為起始點， 向右計算；向右計算；以以=0,=0,即即=為起始點為起始點，為起始點為起始點， 向左計算。向左