2019_2020學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit3TheworldofscienceSectionⅣDevelopingideas

1、Section IV Developing ideas & Presenting ideas泛讀戶技能初養(yǎng)成qKi-11mryaigiwi:工,課文助讀i閱讀Reading 2 的材料，選出最佳選項1. Who proved the Franklin's experiment was not true?A. Franklin himself.B. His neighbors.C. Some scientists.D. Some students.2. Which story has also been mentioned and questioned?A. Franklin&#

2、39;s life story.B. Franklin's work as a scientist.C. Newton's theory of gravity.D. Lightning made by electricity.3. From the first two paragraphs , what do we know about the experiment?A. Only Franklin wanted to know the relation between electricity and lightning.B. Franklin taught many chil

3、dren about his findings in different schools.C. People had already known the cause of lightning before Franklin's experiment.D. As a scientist Franklin was admired for his attitude to science.4. What people are inspired for in Franklin's story?A. His bravery and approach.B. The kite with a k

4、ey tied to the string.C. The stormy weather with lightning.D. His touching on the metal key.5. In which aspect Franklin's experiment was NOT true?A. His story and the details of the experiment.B. His bravery and his scientific approach.C. The key tied to the string of the kite.D. His death from

5、the electric shock.6. What do we know a bout the Newton's story?A. The scientists didn't see the apple falling on Newton's head.B. Scientists like to question everything around them.C. No one can prove the apple really hit Newton on the head.D. The falling apple inspired Newton to think

6、deeply about why.答案1-6 CCDAADI要點直擊Words And Phrases知識要點1 instancen.例子，實例（教材 P29）For instance , some restaurants in London have served 3D - printed hamburgers to customers.例如，在倫敦，一些餐館已經(jīng)向顧客提供3D打印出來的漢堡了。例 1 In many instances people were left without any money at all.在很多情況下，人們會落到身無分文的地步。例 2 What would y

7、ou do, for instance , if you found a memberof staff stealing?比如說，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)有職員偷東西，你會怎么辦？造句很多地方都有了改進(jìn)，比如鼠標(biāo)的兩個按鍵。There are a number of improvements；for instance , the mouse buttons.知識拓展for instance例如；譬如in the first instance首先； 第一步at sb.'s instance經(jīng)某人請求；在某人的敦促下即學(xué)即練單句語法填空 In most instances （instance） , th

8、ere will be no need for further treatment. In the first instance your child will be seen by an ear, nose, and throatspecialist.知識要點2 injure v.傷害；使受傷；損害；傷害（名譽、自尊等）（教材 P>9）And it is not just humans who are benefiting - in Brazil, people havegiven a new 3D - printed shell to a turtleinjured in a for

9、est fire!并且不僅僅是人類正在受益，在巴西，人們已經(jīng)給一只在森林大火中受傷的海龜換上了 一個3D打印出來的龜殼。例 1 Too much smoking will injure the voice.吸煙太多會損害嗓音。例 2 Three people were killed and fiveinjured in the crash.撞車事故中有三人死亡，五人受傷。造句這會嚴(yán)重?fù)p害學(xué)校的聲譽。This could seriously injure the school's reputation.傷害；損傷；受傷處受傷的知識拓展injury n.injured adj .the i

10、njured受傷的人即學(xué)即練單句語法填空E. The injury (injure)was quite painful and I couldn't move my arm for a month I hated that.F. The woman injured (injury) in the car crash is still under treatment in hospital.小片段填空An injured man was taken to the hospital, where the doctors found he sufferedsevere injuries to

11、 the head and arms and they wondered who had injured him.一個受傷的人被送到了醫(yī)院，在那里醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)他的頭部和胳膊都受到了嚴(yán)重的傷害，他 們很疑惑是誰傷害了他。知識要點 3 (教材 P3o) A mountain on the Moon and a minor planet are named after him.月球上的一座山和一個小星球都是以他的名字命名的。(1) minor adj.次要的；不重要的；小的例 1 There are some very minor changes in words and punctuation.在用詞

12、與標(biāo)點方面有一些非常小的變化。例 2 There may be some minor changes to the schedule.時間安排也許會有些小小的變動。造句在這個組織中，這位老師發(fā)揮著相對次要的作用。The teacher played a relatively minor role in the organization.知識拓展minority n.少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族in the minority占少數(shù)即學(xué)即練單句語法填空 British households who do not have a car are only in the minority (minor) Writin

13、g an article about two ethnic minorities(minority)小片段填空There are 55 minorities in our country and there are some minor differencesbetween them.That is to say , the differences between them are in the minority.我們國家有55個少數(shù)民族，他們之間有一些較小的差異。也就是說他們之間的差異占少 數(shù)。(2) be named after 以命名例 1 Bill was born after his

14、 father died one month later andwas named after his father.比爾在父親去世后一個月出生，以其父親的名字命名。例 2 His name will remain unforgotten , for the greatest building was named after him.他的名字不會被忘記，因為那座宏偉的建筑是以他的名字命名的。造句這座橋是用那位獻(xiàn)出了生命的英雄的名字命名的。The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life.知識拓展in the name of以的名義；代表

15、under the name (of)用的別名即學(xué)即練單句語法填空 There are many schools and hospitals named (name) after a great man Shao Yifu. I would like to give you some advice in the name of a friend.知識要點4 apart from 除之外(教材 P32) Apart from being a successful statesman , he was also well known as a leading American author , p

16、rinter and publisher , successful diplomat , creative scientist and inventor.除了是個成功的政治家以外，富蘭克林也因為下面的身份而知名：一流的美國作家，印 刷和出版商，成功的外交家，有創(chuàng)意的科學(xué)家和發(fā)明家。例 1 Apart from providing warmth , what was fire used for?除了提供溫暖之外，火是用來做什么的？例 2 This essay is good apart from a couple of spelling mistakes.除了有些拼寫錯誤，這篇文章寫得不錯。造句

17、除足球外你還喜歡哪些運動？What other sports do you like apart from football?知識拓展apart from具有雙重含義，既可以相當(dāng)于except(for)/but ,意為"除以外，沒有,”又可以相當(dāng)于 besides/in addition to ,意為"除以外，還有”。in addition/besides 另夕卜，此夕卜tell.apart 區(qū)分開即學(xué)即練單句語法填空 Apart from caring(care)for her children, she has to take on some heavy time-co

18、nsuming housework.D It's easy to tell my pills apart because they're all different colours.知識要點5 attach vt.系；貼；連接（教材 P32） A metal key was attached to the string.一個金屬鑰匙被拴在了繩子上。例 1 He attached a stamp to the envelope.他在信封上貼了張郵票。例 2 They've attached a number of conditions to the agreement.他

19、們在協(xié)議上附加了 一些條件。造句他把馬拴在了樹上小睡了一會兒。He attached his horse to a tree and took a nap.知識拓展attachment n.附件，依戀be attached to固定在；依戀；附屬于attach importance to重視即學(xué)即練單句語法填空 We should attach importance to learning (learn) basic skills. People with disabilities can go anywhereusing high-tech cameras attached(attach)

20、to their head.小片段填空The young boy is studying in the Senior high that is attached to Shandong University.He attaches great importance to learning biology and becomes a scientist as Tu Youyou.Everyday he attaches some small pieces of paper to his desk where there are many key points from the textbook.

21、這個男孩子在山東大學(xué)附屬高中讀書，他很重視生物的學(xué)習(xí)，想當(dāng)一名像屠呦呦那樣的 科學(xué)家。每天他都把課本上的知識點寫在小紙片上，然后貼在書桌上。Sentence Patterns重點句式1make+賓語十賓補結(jié)構(gòu)(教材 P32)For example , the title " Franklin's Experiment : How Much IsTrue?” makes it clear what question is being answered within the essay.例如題目“富蘭克林的實驗：真實性有多少？”表明了文章里面要回答的問題。句式分析：make it

22、 clear 是“mak什賓語十賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)的一種特殊形式，其中 it為 形式賓語，真正的賓語為賓補后的that從句。例 1 The police officer made it clear that they were letting him go on the ground that he was too old.警官說明了一下他們把他放走基于他年齡大了。例 2 I have to make it clear that we have one key problem : that is technology.我想說清楚一點，我們的關(guān)鍵問題是技術(shù)問題。造句我想明確地說明我和這事沒關(guān)系。I

23、9;d like to make it clear that I had nothing to do with this.知識拓展“make+賓語+賓語補足語”是一個常用句式。make后的賓語是不定式或 that從句或動名詞，賓語補足語是形容詞或名詞，如果賓語較長，且賓語后面有補語時，這時往往把形 式賓語it放在賓語的位置上，把真正的賓語放在后面。與make用法相同的常用動詞還有：find , feel , think , consider 等。該句型為： make/find/feel/think/consider + it + adj./ n. + that-clause/(for sb.)

24、to do sth.翻譯 We think it not right that a child should be left alone in the house.(認(rèn)為是不對的) We found it difficult to explain to him what happened.(覺得困難)即學(xué)即練單句語法填空 We must make it a duty to protect our common global environment. The rain made it more difficult for us to finish (finish) the work on tim

25、e.重點句式2 neithernor.既不也不(教材 P33)However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment areentirely true.然而故事和實驗的細(xì)節(jié)都不完全真實。句式分析：neither.nor. 表示“既不也不"。其含義是否定的，可連接任意兩個并列的成份。例 1 Neither dad nor mum is at home today.今天父母都不在家。例 2 She likes neither butter nor cheese.她既不喜歡黃油也不喜歡乳酪。造句他既不知道也不關(guān)心發(fā)生了什么。

26、He neither knows nor cares what happened.知識拓展(1)neither.nor. 連接兩個賓語.當(dāng) neither.nor.連接兩個主語時，也應(yīng)遵循(2)若將 neither.nor.“就近原則”。句型變?yōu)榭隙ň?，只需?neither.nor.bothand 即可，同時謂語動詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（3）還可以單獨使用neither作主語，表示“兩者中沒有一個”。（4）neither 或nor還有另外一種用法，就是當(dāng)表達(dá)一個人沒有做某事，另一個人也沒做 同一類事時，可用 neither或nor進(jìn)行簡略回答。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Neither / Nor +助動詞/ 情

27、態(tài)動詞/ be 動詞+主語。翻譯 Neither of them likes football.（他倆任何一個都不 ） I haven't been to my father's hometown and neither has my sister.（我姐姐也沒有）即學(xué)即練單句語法填空 I hadn't been to New York before and neither had Jane. He cannot see and nor could he hear until one month ago.匚|閱讀技能“推理判斷題（1）提分技巧：推理判斷題中也含有對細(xì)節(jié)的

28、理解，考查的內(nèi)容雖然也屬于原文細(xì)節(jié)，但它 要求考生在原文的基礎(chǔ)上對文章信息進(jìn)行分析、理解、推斷，立足于由已知推斷未知。首先 要定位信息。通過速讀找到題目和文章中相對應(yīng)的信息點；其次是字面理解。理解相關(guān)信息 點的字面意思；最后是深層理解。結(jié)合語境和常識，在理解字面意思的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯 的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。細(xì)節(jié)推斷題的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但推理時我 們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推理的依據(jù)，進(jìn)行正向或逆向思考，推斷出隱含 的深層含義，推斷時要做到判斷有據(jù)，推論有理。切忌主觀臆斷、過度推斷、錯誤推斷和以 細(xì)節(jié)代替推斷。典例（2018-全國卷I 閱讀理解C節(jié)選）Langu

29、ages have been coming and going for thousands of years , but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter -gatherers , small , tightly knit （聯(lián)系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language expert

30、s believe that 10, 000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. .28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patterns.D They were cl

31、osely connected.B 根據(jù)本段最后一句“Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago ，when the world had just five to ten million people ， they spoke perhaps 12， 000 languages between them. ”可推知，在狩獵時代，人口少，語言種類卻很多，故選B。 請迅速找出下面段落中的針對該題目的推理信息At the age of 4， I began attending the choir at St.James Church.My

32、mother decided that joining the choir would provide me with musical instruction.I was initially joined by a lot of kids at St.James ， making choir a fun ， social task ， but as I grew older ， one by one ， my friends began dropping out.St.James was situated on the Upper East Side ， one of the fanciest

33、 areas in New York ， while I came from the Brooklyn neighborhood of Bushwick.Some children at the choir proudly showed off the signs of their good education whose cost was nearly as much as my mother's yearly wage ， while I wore my uniform of jeans and a T - shirt.They knew me as the girl from B

34、rooklyn ， the chorister who went to public school.This discrepancy( 差異 ) made me very uncomfortable.I begged my mom to let me follow the path of my friends， but she replied witha “ no” As the years went on ， I continued to bother my mother.Her answers began to lessen in severity.She said “ Just do i

35、t for one more year ” or “ Are you sure ？” Not seeing much hope ， I began to withdraw my constant requests.Gradually I enjoyed finding my voice every week in church.After years in the choir， people started toacknowledge me for my voice rather than my address and I began to appreciate music and my ha

36、bitual complaints about the choir were completely gone.Through the choir ， I learned that if you continue with something long enough，you will receive some sort of benefit from it and maybe even grow to love it.Because of the choir ， I found my voice in a small church.Because of the choir， I am willi

37、ngto go wherever life will take me with an open mind.How did the author's mother react to her repeated requests？ ( )A She didn't refuse them flatly.8 She was very angry about them.C She agreed to them completely.D She simply ignored them.A 推理判斷題。由第三段中的“she replied with a no， Just do it for o

38、ne moreyear or Are you sure ？”可知，在作者提出想退出唱詩班時，作者的母親起初態(tài)度堅決，在作者的一再請求下，母親沒有斷然拒絕，態(tài)度有所緩和，但仍希望她堅持下去。太殖心作文巧升格-I .文體指導(dǎo)-I實驗報告實驗報告屬于說明文，主要用來說明實驗的目的，過程以及實驗的結(jié)果。全文可以分為三個部分，首先說明實驗的目的和實驗所需要的實驗器材；然后說明實驗所采用的方法，實驗具體過程以及實驗所得到的結(jié)果；最后根據(jù)實驗的情況得出相應(yīng)的結(jié)論?；局術(shù)架1 .開頭(beginning)交代實驗的目的和所需器材2 .主體(body)介紹實驗方法、過程及結(jié)果3 .結(jié)尾(ending)寫出實驗

39、結(jié)論常用詞塊1. make good preparations for the experiment為實驗做好充分準(zhǔn)備2. do the experiment as follows按照如下做實驗3. find a better way of doing it找到一個更好的方式來做4. be under observation正在觀察中5. make a good study 做好充分研究常用語句精彩開頭1. We carry out the experiment to find out why it rusts.我們做實驗是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)它為什么會生銹。2. The aim of the exper

40、iment is to find the cause of giving away the gas.實驗的目的是為了找到釋放氣體的原因。3. . With the purpose of discovering how it reacts with acid, we carry out theexperiment.為了發(fā)現(xiàn)它是怎么和酸發(fā)生反應(yīng)的，我們進(jìn)行了這次實驗。豐滿主體1. Before we started , we prepared a candle , a glass , a basin and some water.開始之前，我們準(zhǔn)備了一支蠟燭，一個玻璃杯，一個盆子還有一些水。2. The glass must be a little higher than the candle so that we can see the resul