電機(jī)方向課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告書

1、題 目（算例）:丫132M-4 額定數(shù)據(jù)與性能指標(biāo)1、電機(jī)型號(hào)Y132M -42、額定功率Pn=7.5千瓦3、額定頻率fN =50赫4、額定電壓及接法 Un=380伏5、極數(shù) 2P=46、絕緣等級(jí) B7、力能指標(biāo)：效率0.853 0.878、功率因數(shù)cos 0.84 0.859、最大轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)Tm 2.210、 起動(dòng)性能：起動(dòng)電流倍數(shù)Ist 7,起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)Tst 2.2算例（一）額定數(shù)據(jù)和主要尺寸：1. 額定功率：Pn 7.5KW2. 額定電壓：Un Un 380V（ 接）3. 功電流：lkW -P 75 10 A 6.58Amg3 3804. 效率：0.875. 功率因素：cos '

2、0.856. 極對(duì)數(shù)：p 27. 定轉(zhuǎn)子槽數(shù)每相每極槽數(shù)取整數(shù)q13則 Z, 2mpq,2 3 2 336Z232并采用斜肩平底槽8. 定轉(zhuǎn)子每極槽數(shù)Zp,乙2p3649Z2328Zp22p49 確定電機(jī)電機(jī)主要尺寸主要尺寸來確定DJ和lefKe0.01081 nPN 0.013p 0.9310.01081 n7.5 0.013 2 0.9310.927計(jì)算功率KePn1cos0.9277.51030.870.85P9.4KW0.67T，初選 ap 0.68 , KNm1.095 , Kdp10.96可取 A 25600%，取 B假定n' 1440九。V , 6.1 , ?匕apKNm

3、Kdp1 AB n61?1?9A型0.68 1.095 0.9625600 0.671440 0.00324m32pV則Di'0.00324m0.141m按定子外徑比求出定子沖片外徑Di10.141D1Di,D0.640.2203m取 D10.22mDi1 D1 (Di1 D)0.22/0.640.141m鐵心的有效長度:lefVDm°.00324 0.163m20.141取鐵心長li0.160m10 氣隙的確定0.3(0.47 3)1030.3 (0.4 7.0.1410.160)10 3m0.4 10 3m于是鐵心有效長度lef li 2(0.1602 0.0004) m

4、 0.161m轉(zhuǎn)子外徑 D2Di1 2(0.141 2 0.0004)m 0.140m轉(zhuǎn)子徑先按轉(zhuǎn)軸直徑：Di20.048m11 .極距Di10.1410.111m2p412 .定子齒距t1Di10.1410.0123m乙36D20.140轉(zhuǎn)子齒距 t2Z2320.0161m13 .定子繞組采用單層繞組，交叉式，節(jié)距1-9 , 2-10 , 11-1214 .為了削弱齒諧波磁場的影響，轉(zhuǎn)子采用斜槽，一般斜一個(gè)定子齒距t1，于是轉(zhuǎn)子斜槽寬bsk 0.0130m15. 設(shè)計(jì)定子繞組并聯(lián)支路a11.每槽導(dǎo)體數(shù)Ns1 3216. 每相串聯(lián)匝數(shù)N 1亠勺込空384m1a13 1每相串聯(lián)匝數(shù)N1 N 1

5、384 1922 217. 繞組線規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)初選定子電密J；4.0A mm2，計(jì)算導(dǎo)線并繞根數(shù)和每根導(dǎo)線截面積的乘積。I；8.902MA 2.22mma1 J11 4.0其中定子電流初步估計(jì)值I11 KWcos8.90A0.87 0.85選用截面積相近的銅線：高強(qiáng)度漆包線，并繞根數(shù)Ni1 2，線徑d1 1.18mm，絕緣后直徑 d 1.25mm，截面積 A；1 1.0936mm2， 2人1 2.1872mm218. 設(shè)計(jì)定子槽形i1minDu 2(h°1hs11)乙bi6.7 100.140 2 (0.8 0.924) 10 336ilminD ii 2(hoi h22) nZ2ri2

6、4.410n 0.141 2 (0.8 14.5) 10 3366.17 10 3m取b16.04 1019. 槽在面積Ash)2 4.46.7(14.50.5)4.42按槽絕緣采用DMDM復(fù)合絕緣,138.9 10 6mi0.3mm ,槽楔為h 0.5mm，復(fù)合板，槽絕緣占面積。Aii (2h12 ri)0.0003 (2 0.01450.0044)6212.8 10 m槽滿率Sf2Aef2 32 1.252126.179.4%20. 繞組系數(shù)Kp1 1Kd1sinqa2.3 20sin20.9598.aqsin23sin2其中a每相有效串聯(lián)導(dǎo)體數(shù)N 1 Kdp1 384 0.9598368

7、21. 設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)子槽形與轉(zhuǎn)子繞組預(yù)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)子導(dǎo)條電流：'3N Kpi3 368 八Al2 kA 0.90 8.90A 245.64AZ236其中ki 0.90由資料查出。初步取轉(zhuǎn)子導(dǎo)條電密Jb 3.5 A mm2，I于是導(dǎo)條的截面積：AB匕 245.64 mm270.18mm2Jb 3.5b 2 maxD22(hs2lhs02)0.14 2 (1.30 0.5) 10 35.5 10 3m3237.89 10 mb D22(hs21hs02hs22).b2 min-bs 22Z 20.14 2 (23 0.5) 10 10 m32b2bi2maxW(b 2 max3bi2min16.13 1

8、0 6.13 10 m(7.89 10 3 6.13 10 3)m導(dǎo)條截面積（轉(zhuǎn)子槽面積）Ab (bohS)hsi2 (bsS)hS222 21 553 552()1.30() (231.30)m22 26296.45 10 m估計(jì)端環(huán)電流'Z232lR l2-245.64 A 625.5A2 p4端環(huán)所需面積IAr A 625.5 mm2297.9mm2Jr 2.1其中 端環(huán)電密Jr 0.6JB 2.1 A mm2得端環(huán)所需面積為AR 250 10(二)磁路計(jì)算22. 滿載電勢初設(shè) kE (1 L)0.940E1(1 L)Un 0.940 380V357.2V23. 每極磁通初設(shè)ks

9、 1.25由圖3-5查得kNm 1.090巳4k“m kdpl fNl35以wb4 1.090 0.9598 50 192 0.00889Wb為計(jì)算磁路各部分磁密，需先計(jì)算磁路中各部分的磁導(dǎo)截面24.每極下齒部截面積A1 kFeh b1Z p10.95 0.160 6.04 1019.3 10轉(zhuǎn)子軛部高度 9 8.26 10 3m225.A2kFehb2Zp2定子軛部高度hj1罟0.95 0.160 6.72 10 38 8.1710 3m2hs20.220.141(0.8 14.5 4.4) 103m,'D2 Di 2 hj2 whs20.140 0.048(2330.5) 10 3

10、322.5 10 3m軛部導(dǎo)磁截面積Aj1kFehhj10.950.16019.3310 m22.934 10 3m2Aj 2kFeli hj 20.950.16022.510 3m23.42 10 3m226.一極下空氣隙截面積Alef 0.111 0.163m2 0.01809m228.29.30.31.32.Fs呂B av a p氣隙磁密計(jì)算11.470.681.47 0.00889 T0.01809定子齒部磁密:Bi1FsAl1.47 0.00889 T3 T8.26 10齒部磁密Ai21.47 0.00889 T8.17 100.722T1.561T1.578T從D23磁化曲線找出對(duì)

11、應(yīng)上述磁密的磁場強(qiáng)度:Hi1 32.6 A cmH i2 37.8 A cm有效氣隙長度ef k 1.025 0.4 10 3m 0.41 10 3m其中氣隙系數(shù)為1(4.4O.75b01)訊4.40.75m)算330.0123 (4.4 0.4 100.75 3.5 10 )0.0123 (4.4 0.4 10 3 0.75 3.5 10 3) (3.5 10 3)2t2(4.4O.75b02)t2(4.40.75bo2)b020.0161 (4.4 0.4 10 30.75 1 10 3)33F20.0161 (4.4 0.4 100.75 1 10 ) (1 10 ) 1.0025k k

12、 1k 11.023 1.00251.02533.齒部磁路計(jì)算長度1Li1(h11h21)3 r211Li2(h12h22)_ r21314.51 4.4m15.97332310 m10 3m34.軛部磁路計(jì)算長度L'j1(D1 hjj2p(0.22 19.3 10 3)78.87 10 3m 335.Lj1(D1 hjj2p氣隙磁壓降1.0253(0.22 19.3 10 )78.87 103m 30T A 235.57A36.齒部磁壓降Fi1H i1 Li132.6231015.97 10 A 52.06AFi2Hi2Li223102 37.8 10 3A 86.94Aks235.

13、57 52.06 86.941.258235.57誤差=1.2581.251.2580.63%1%，合格38. 定子軛部磁密Bj1 10.008893T 1.450T2 Aj12 2.934 1039. 轉(zhuǎn)子軛部磁密Bj2 1°.00889 3T 1.242T2 Aj2 2 3.42 1040. 從D23磁化曲線找出對(duì)應(yīng)上述磁密的磁場強(qiáng)度:H j1 15.5 A cm H j2 73.8 A cm41. 軛部磁壓降：其中軛部磁位降校正系數(shù)由資料的附圖查出hj1319.3 100.1110.174, Bj1 1.450T 于是 Cj1 0.410Fj1C j1H j1L j10.410

14、 15.5 102 78.81 10350.08Ahj1322.5 100.2030.111，Bj2 1.242T 于是 Cj2 0.410Fj2Cj2H j2Lj20.4107.38 10227.69 1038.991A42. 每極磁勢F FFi1Fi2Fj1Fj2(22.741 33.86 54.51 50.088.99)A374.85AIm2 pF0.9m1 N1kdp14 374.850.9 3 192 0.959844. 磁化電流標(biāo)么值1；仏整 0.458I kW 6.5845. 勵(lì)磁電抗2X 4 f m1 (N%) lksPXms 4 f 0；1 efef4 50 0.410 63

15、 (192 0.9598)20.167 0.1111.258 2 0.41 10 3146.46VV1 kW146.46 6.583802.536msmsUn46. 線圈平均半匝長單層線圈1c 1b Kc y=0.195+1.2 X 0.09929=0.314m1B h 2=0.165+2 X 0.015=0.195mt y = Di1 2(h° hn) h21 21 /2 pX 10-3 +4.4 X 10-3/2 X 2=n 0.141+2(0.8+0.924)+(14.5-0.924)=99.29 X 10-3m節(jié)距比 2/3 << 1,取 =0.8其中d1是線圈直

16、線部分伸出鐵心的長度，取1030mmlE 2d1 Kcy 2 X 0.015+1.2 X 0.0993=0.150m48 .漏抗系數(shù)Cx = 420(N1Kdp1) !efPN/miPUN=4 X X 50 X 0.4 X 10-7 (0.9598 X 192 ) 2 X 0.163 X 7.5 X 10-3/3X 2 X 380=0.0378749 .定子槽比漏磁導(dǎo)s1Ku1 u1 K L1 L1=1 X 0.410+1 X 0.830=1.24u12h11(b01 b11 )0.82 0.9243.53.5 6.7=0.410L1=0.830h21因2®(M.50.924) =1

17、.5432 4.4bn22167 =0.762 4.4其中 Ku1 =Kl1=1Xs12mi pl t1 s1CX2 Zi Kdpi lef2 3 2 0.160 1.24 Cx36 0.95982 0.163=0.440 Cx51 定子諧波漏抗SCx22ef K dpi Ks3 0.111 0.009Cx320.41 100.95982 1.368=0.5877 Cx其中 S=0.00952 .定子端部漏抗單層交叉式繞組的端部漏抗與分組的單層同心式繞組相近則:*X E10.47(Ie 0.64 y)CXK dp1 lef0.47(0.150 0.64 0.0993)Cx20.163 0.95

18、98=0.270 Cx53 .定子漏抗X 1 Xs1 X 1 Xe1=(0.440+0.5877+0.27) Cx =1.2977 Cx =0.049154 轉(zhuǎn)子槽比漏磁導(dǎo)s2 u2 L2 °.5732.23匹 05 0 5u20.5b°212hl2(b°2bl2 )L(12 1.305.5) 1.330=1.73h/b 2=7.6 , b/b 2=1.83查表得入l=1.33055 轉(zhuǎn)子槽漏抗*Xs22m1 plt2 sQxZ2lef=2 3 0.160 2.23CX32 0.163=0.821 Cx56 轉(zhuǎn)子諧波漏抗miRCXef K s3 0.111 0.0

19、150CX0.41 10=0.9023 Cx查表得 R=0.015*X E20.757(匕 dr)CXe21.13 2p lef= 0.757 0.132Cx0.163 4=0.150 Cx58 轉(zhuǎn)子斜槽漏抗= 0.5(0.01%.0i6i)2 0.9023Cx=0.29 Cx59 轉(zhuǎn)子漏抗Xs2Xe2 Xsk=(0.821+0.9023+0.15+0.29) Cx=2.1633 Cx=0.081960 .總漏抗=0.13161 .定子直流電阻Ri=2NilcN ti Aci= 0.0217 10 6 2 192 0.3142 1.0936 10 6 1=1.19662 定子相電阻標(biāo)幺值*Ri

20、 =Rl I kw= 1.196 6.58380=0.0207有效材料定子導(dǎo)線重量GW Cl C N si Z1 Nti Aci=1.05 x 0.314 x 32 x 36 x 1.0936 x 10-6 x 8.9 x 103=7.393 kg1.05式中C為考慮導(dǎo)線絕緣和引線重量的系數(shù)，漆包圓銅線取為導(dǎo)線密度硅鋼片重量GFe =KfJt(DI)2 Fe=0.95 x 0.163 x( 0.22+0.005 ) 2x 7.8 x 10-3=61.897 kg式中為沖剪余量，取5 x 10-3m轉(zhuǎn)子電阻導(dǎo)條電阻折算值2'_ KB LB4m1( N1Kdp1)Rb =6 2= 0.04

21、34 101.04 0.195 4 3 (192 0.9598)696.45 1032=1.162式中Kb是疊片不整齊造成導(dǎo)條電阻增加的系數(shù)端環(huán)電阻折算值2 _ DRZ2m1 (N1 Kdp1)Rr = 一2 P2ArZ262=0.0434 1032 0.132 4 3 (192 0.9598)62 3.14 4 250 1032=0.03716導(dǎo)條電阻標(biāo)幺值Rb*= _RB2jkw =1.16 6.58 =0.02012Un380端環(huán)電阻標(biāo)幺值*RrI kw 0.3716 6.58 ,Rr =JKW =0.00643UN380轉(zhuǎn)子電阻標(biāo)么值R2 = Rb +Rr =0.02655(四)工作性

22、能計(jì)算65. 滿載時(shí)定子電流有功分量標(biāo)么值|1p*= 110.89123666. 滿載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子電流無功分量標(biāo)么值Ix= 1 X l1p21+( 1 Xl1p)2=1.0216 X 0.13944 X (1.1236) 2 X 1+(1.0216 X 0.1394 X 1.1236) 2 =0.1811 =1+ X*=1。衛(wèi)49% 536 =1.0216/入 ms'67 滿載時(shí)定子電流無功分量標(biāo)么值11Q* =Im*+ lx*=0.469+0.143=0.6568滿載電勢標(biāo)么值Ke=1 l=1 (I1p R1 + I1Q X 1 )=1 (1.1236 X 0.0207+0.65 X 0.

23、0491)=0.942與22項(xiàng)初設(shè)值Ke相符69. 空載時(shí)電勢標(biāo)么值1 q=1 一 I m X 1 =1 0.309 X 0.0419=0.97670. 空載時(shí)定子齒磁密Bt10 = ( )Bt1= (°.97%.加2)1.58 =1.637T71. 空載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子齒磁密Bt2° = ( )Bt2 (°976) 1.60=1.658T1 L0.94272空載時(shí)定子軛磁密Bjio=( IB”(0.976) 1.45=1.502T1 L j 0.94273. 空載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子軛磁密Bj20=( )Bj2 (0.976) 1.242 =1.287T1 l0.94274. 空載時(shí)氣

24、隙磁密B 0 = ( )B(°976) 0.722 =0.748T1 L0.94275. 空載時(shí)定子齒部磁壓降Ft10 =Ht1oLt1=46.8 X 10 2 X 15.97 X 10-3=74.74A76. 空載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子齒部磁壓降Ft20 = Ht20Lt2=53.4 X 102 X 23 X 10-3=122.82A77. 空載時(shí)定子軛部磁壓降Fj10 = Cj1Hj1°Lj1=0.40 X 20.1 X 102 X 78.81 X 10-3=63.36A78. 空載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子軛部磁壓降Fj20 = Cj2Hj2°Lj2=0.43 X 8.90 X 102 X 2

25、7.69 X 10-3=10.597A79. 空氣隙磁壓降1.025 0.748 0.4 100.410 6=244.05AF 00F t10F t20F j10 F j 20 F 0=74.74+122.82+63.36+10.597+244.05=504.97A81. 空載磁化電流2 pF001 m00.9 mNKdpi=2 2 504.970.9 3 192 0.9598=4.06A(四)工作性能計(jì)算82. 定子電流標(biāo)么值= . (I*2ipI*2iq) = . (1.12362 0.652) =1.249定子電流實(shí)際值I1 l；lkw 1.249 X 6.58=8.51A83. 定子電

26、流密度J1=“8.513.89 A mm2a1Nt1Ac11 1.093684. 線負(fù)荷A gN 兒 3 320 8.51,A1=22132A mDi1 3.14 0.14185. 轉(zhuǎn)子電流標(biāo)么值I2 = (I 21p I 2x)=；(1.12362 0.18432) =1.139轉(zhuǎn)子電流實(shí)際值* mN ia12 = I 2 Ikw= 1.139 6.583 384 0.959832=258.96A端環(huán)電流實(shí)際值Ir=I25896 32 659.4A2 p 2 3.14 286.轉(zhuǎn)子電流密度導(dǎo)條電密j 上J BAb258.9696.452.685 A2 mm端環(huán)電密87.jLrJ RAr659

27、.42502.64 A2 mm定子電氣損耗* *2 *FCu1I1 R =1.2942 X 0.0207=0.0347*qpcu1 FCu1 PN 0.0347 X 7.5 X 103=260.25W88.轉(zhuǎn)子電氣損耗*3Pai2 = Pai2 Pn=0.0344 X 7.5 X 103=258 W2*Pai2I2 R2 =1.139 2 X 0.02655=0.034489.附加損耗銅條轉(zhuǎn)子Ps*=0.02*3Ps= Ps Pn=0.02 X 7.5 X 103=150 W90. 機(jī)械損耗二級(jí)封閉自扇冷式Pf w= (3/p) 2(D1)4 X 1 0 4= (3/2) 2X(0.22)4X

28、104=52.7 W機(jī)械損耗標(biāo)么值*3Pfw*= Pf w/ P N=52.7/7.5 X 103=0.0070391. 定子鐵耗(1) 定子軛重量Gt=4pAtiLti Fe=4 X 2 X 2.934 X 10-3 X 78.81 X 10-3 X 7.8 X 103=14.43 kg(2) 定子齒重量Gj=2pAjiLjFe =4 X2 X 8.26 X 10-3 X 15.97 X 10-3 X 7.8 X 103=4.116 kg(3) 損耗系數(shù)Phet =6.8Phej=5.1(4) 定子齒損耗PFet= K1 Phet Gt=2X 5.10 X14.43=147.2 W(5) 定

29、子軛損耗PFej= K 2 Phej Gj =2.5 X6.80 X 4.116=69.97 W(6) 定子鐵耗PFe= PFet+PFej=147.2+69.97=217.17W對(duì)于半閉口槽按經(jīng)驗(yàn)取Ki=2 K2=2.5鐵耗標(biāo)么值PFe= PFe/ P n=217.17/7.5 X 10 3=0.02992總損耗標(biāo)么值工 p = Pcu1 +PaI2 +Pfw + Ps +PFe=0.0347+0.0344+0.02+0.00703+0.029 =0.125193. 輸出功率Pn1*=1+ 藝 p*=1+0.1251=1.125194. 效率=1 藝 p*/ Pn1*=1 0.1251/1.

30、1251=0.869%(87% 86.9%)/87%=0.115%<0.5%95. 功率因數(shù)cos =hp7 1=1.1249/1.294=0.8796. 轉(zhuǎn)差率*S = iAl1 PAl 2PsPFerPfw=0.03441 0.03440.02 0.0154 0.007=0.0319PFer =PnTm*=*2(R1=2.7499.起動(dòng)電流假設(shè)值=(1 0.5) 147.2(10.4) 69.9737.5 10=0.015497. 轉(zhuǎn)速n N=(60f/p)(1 Sn)=60 X 50/2 X (1 0.0319) =1452 r/min98. 最大轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)1 SN1 *2 *2W

31、X )1st' =(2.53.5) Tm*Ikw=3 X 3.157 X 6.58=59.1A100.起動(dòng)時(shí)定轉(zhuǎn)子槽磁勢平均值Fst= Ist' (Ns1/a 1)0.707 Ku1+Kd1 (0.0207.(0.0207* 2 0.1312)Kp1(ZZ 2) . (10)=59.1 X 32 X 0.707 X 1+0.9598 2 X 1 X (36/32) X 0.976=2836.5A101空氣隙中漏磁場的虛擬磁密=0.4 n X 10-6 X 2836.5/2 X 0.4 X 10 3 X 0.9367 =4.757Tc =0.64+2.5t1 t2=0.64+2.

32、5f 0.4 12.3 16.1=0.9367由Bl查得漏抗飽和系數(shù)Kz=0.44102齒頂漏磁飽和引起的定子齒頂寬度的減少Csi=(t i b°i)(1 Kz)=(12.3-3.5) X (1 - 0.44)=4.93 X 10-3m103. 齒頂漏磁飽和引起的轉(zhuǎn)子齒頂寬度的減少CS2 = (t2 b 02)(1 Kz)=(16.1 1) X (1 0.44)=8.456 X 10-3m104. 起動(dòng)時(shí)定子槽比漏磁導(dǎo)S1(St) =Ku1 ( u1 u1 )+ Kl1 L1=(0.410-0.185)+ 0.83 =1.055(ho10.58 hnu1 (b01)(CS1)CS1 1 .5b014.93=( =0.185105. 起動(dòng)時(shí)定子槽漏抗Xs1(st) = (S1(；/ S1 )Xs1=(1.055/1.24) X 0.440 CX =0.3743 Cx106. 起動(dòng)時(shí)定子諧波漏抗X 8 1(st) =Kz X 8 1=0.44 X 0.5877 Cx =0.2586 CX107. 起動(dòng)時(shí)定子漏抗X ff1(st) = Xs1(st) + X 8 1(st) +Xe1=(0.3743+0.2586+0.270)Cx =0.0342108. 考慮集膚效應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)子導(dǎo)條相對(duì)高度=1.987 X 10-3h