人教版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)(講義)Unit4Donx27teatinclass.詞句精講精練

1、人教版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 4 Don ' t eat in class.詞匯精講1. arrive1) arrive 意為“到達(dá)” 。arrive at+小地點(diǎn), arrive in + 大地點(diǎn)。例如：I will arrive in Beijing next week.我下周至 1H 匕京。I arrived at the small village on a cold morning. 在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨我到達(dá)了那個(gè)小村莊。2) arrive后面跟地點(diǎn)副詞 here, there, home時(shí)，不需要跟介詞。例如：arrive home 至U家arrive here 到這兒注意：

2、arrive late for與be late for是同義短語(yǔ)，者B表示“做某事遲到”的意思。arrive late for強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作晚，be late for側(cè)重狀態(tài)晚。例如： Don' t arrive late for the next test.= Don' t be late for the next test.下一次考試不要再遲到了。2. listenlisten是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“聽(tīng)，傾聽(tīng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽(tīng)的動(dòng)作，后面接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要加上介詞to。例如：We should listen to the teacher carefully.我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師講課。Listen! S

3、omeone is singing in the garden. 聽(tīng)！ 有人在花園里唱歌。拓展：hear, listen 和 sound 的辨析三個(gè)詞都有“聽(tīng)”的意思，具體區(qū)別如下：hear意思是“聽(tīng)說(shuō)，聽(tīng)到“，側(cè)重聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容。例如： I heard someone cry in the next room last night.昨晚我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在隔壁哭。listen意思是“聽(tīng)”，側(cè)重聽(tīng)的動(dòng)作。例如： Listen! Someone is crying.聽(tīng)！有人在哭。sound作動(dòng)詞講時(shí)是連系動(dòng)詞，意為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”，后面跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：It sounds good!聽(tīng)起來(lái)不錯(cuò)

4、！3. relaxrelax作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“放松，休息，使輕松”，第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)為relaxeso例如：You work too hard; you should relax yourself.你工作太努力了，你應(yīng)該放松一下你自己。This song relaxes me. 這首歌使我心情舒暢。拓展：1) relaxed形容詞，意為“感到輕松的“，常修飾人做表語(yǔ)。例如：He is relaxed after listening to music.聽(tīng)完音樂(lè)后，他感到輕松。2) relaxing也是形容詞，意為“令人輕松的”，常用來(lái)修飾物或者事情，可以作表語(yǔ)也可以作定語(yǔ)。例如：It ' s

5、 a relaxing tri超是一次令人輕松的旅行。The film is very relaxing. 這部電影很令人放松。4. on time & in timeon time意為“按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)”，指按照規(guī)定的時(shí)間或者指定的時(shí)間做某事；而 in time指"及 時(shí)”，指不遲到或在規(guī)定的時(shí)間之前或者接近所規(guī)定的時(shí)間做某事。例如：We must arrive there on time.我們必須按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。At last, the police arrived there in time. 最后警察及時(shí)趕到了 那里。5. wear, put on, dress &

6、in1) wear是動(dòng)詞，它的意思是“穿”，它表示狀態(tài)。例如：My father wears a T-shirt today.我爸爸今天穿著 T恤衫。2) put on的意思是“穿上、戴上”，它表示動(dòng)作。例如:It ，s cold outside, put on your coat please卜面非常冷，請(qǐng)穿上你的大衣。3) dress作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“為穿衣”后接反身代詞或人，也可以不接賓語(yǔ)。例如：Can you dress the baby for me?你能幫我給孩子穿衣服嗎？4) in表示穿著的狀態(tài)，后接顏色或服裝。例如：The girl in red is my sister.穿紅衣

7、服的女孩是我姐姐。The girl in hat is very beautiful. 戴帽子的女孩兒很漂亮。6. strictstrict形容詞，意為“嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)格的”，在句子中可以做表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。常用短語(yǔ)be strict withsb.意為“對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格"；be strict in sth.意為“對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格”。例如：She is a strict teacher.她是一個(gè)嚴(yán)格的老師。She is strict with her students and strict in her work. 她對(duì)她的學(xué)生和工作要求嚴(yán)格。7. bringbring動(dòng)詞，意為“帶來(lái)；拿來(lái)”。例

8、如：Bring your English book to my office.把你的英語(yǔ)書(shū)帶到我辦公室里來(lái)。辨析：bring & take1) bring指從別處將某人或者某物帶到說(shuō)話(huà)人所在的地方。例如：Please bring your family photo tomorrow. 明天請(qǐng)把你的全家福帶過(guò)來(lái)。2) take意為“帶走，拿走”時(shí)，指把某人或者某物從說(shuō)話(huà)人所在地帶走。例如：His father often takes him to the zoo on weekends.他爸爸周末經(jīng)常帶他去動(dòng)物園。8. outside1) outside副詞，意為“在外面",反

9、義詞是inside o例如：Don' t go outside. It ' sloocojd.面去，天氣太冷了。2) outside還可以做介詞，意為“在外面”。例如：There is a new car outside the house.房子夕卜邊有輛新車(chē)。3) outside作名詞，意為“外部，外表”。例如：The outside of the house is red.這個(gè)房子的外部是紅色的。辨析：作副詞時(shí)out與outside的區(qū)別out副詞意為“外出，出來(lái)”，其反義詞為in。outside副詞作副詞時(shí)，意為“在外面，在戶(hù)外”等，其反 義詞為inside。拓展：go

10、out的用法1)外出，或者指“參加社交活動(dòng)，外出交際或娛樂(lè)”。例如：Mary goes out a lot on Sundays.每逢周日，瑪麗的應(yīng)酬非常多。2)出去。例如：Let' s go out for a walk.讓我們出去散步吧。3)出國(guó)，移居國(guó)外。例如：He went out to Canada two years ago.他兩年前移居加拿大了。4過(guò)時(shí)，不流行。例如：This kind of shoes went out last year.這款鞋去年就過(guò)時(shí)了。9. dish1) dish名詞，意為“碟，盤(pán)”，做餐具講時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，其前常加the。do the dis

11、hes相當(dāng)于wash the dishes,意為"清洗餐具"。例如：It ' s your turn to do the dishes toda冷天輪到你洗碗了。2) dish還可用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“菜肴，一道菜”。例如：He likes cold dishes.他喜歡涼菜。辨析：dish & platedish和plate都是“盤(pán)，碟”的意思，它們的區(qū)別在于：dish可以泛指就餐時(shí)所用的餐具，包括盤(pán)、碗、碟、杯、刀、叉等，特指較深的盤(pán)子。例如：Please dry the dishes and put them away.請(qǐng)你把餐具擦干，收拾好。plate

12、指較平的盤(pán)子、碟子，可用來(lái)盛湯，也可用來(lái)裝菜。例如：Our host was very generous, heaping a plate of food to us.主人十分慷慨，給我們裝了一盤(pán)食物。10. practice1) practice作動(dòng)詞時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“練習(xí)，訓(xùn)練” ，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞做 賓語(yǔ)。例如：I often practice my English in the morning.我經(jīng)常在早上練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。He practices playing the piano every day. 他每天練習(xí)彈鋼琴。2) practice作名詞，意為“練習(xí)，實(shí)踐”，是不可數(shù)

13、名詞。例如：Playing the piano needs a lot of practice.彈鋼琴需要多加練習(xí)。Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。11. followfollow 動(dòng)詞，意為“遵循，跟隨"。follow the rules意為"遵守規(guī)則”。例如：You must follow the school rules.你必須遵守學(xué)校規(guī)章制度。拓展：follow常見(jiàn)的其他用法有：1)跟隨，跟著。例如：Please follow me. I ' ll show the way.請(qǐng)跟我走，我來(lái)給你帶路。2)明白，領(lǐng)悟。例如： You a

14、re speaking too fast and we can ' t quite follow you. 你講的太快，我們不太懂你的意思。3)表示“沿而行”。例如：follow the road 沿路而行12. feel1) feel作行為動(dòng)詞，意為“覺(jué)得，認(rèn)為"。例如：How do you feel today? 今天你感覺(jué)怎樣 ？I feel that you will win.我感覺(jué)你會(huì)贏。2) feel作連系動(dòng)詞，意為“感覺(jué)，摸起來(lái)”，其后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。例如：I feel happy today.我今天感覺(jué)很高興。Your hand feels cold.你的手摸

15、起來(lái)很涼。詞匯精練I.根據(jù)句意和首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全單詞。1. We must f the rules in the school.2. Today is my birthday. I f very happy.3. Don 'stand o! Come in, please!4. He is very lazy. He ' s always l for school.5. Don ' t f with each other.6. 一 When do you a at school? At half past seven.7. Can we l to the music

16、?8. The room is very d, so you must clean it.9. He has to do his homework b dinner.10. Do you do the d after dinner?n.用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We have to(wear) uniforms to school every day.2. Jim(have) to brush his teeth before going to bed.3. My mother often asks me to practice(play) the violin.4. Don &#

17、39; t(bring) music players to school.5. Don ' t be( noise) in the library.6. Everyone feels(relax) when they listen to light music.7. The weather is(terrible) hot.8. Does Jack(do) his homework on time?9. She(not like) playing basketball.10. I have to(get up) at six o' clock.III .選詞填空。1. (Don

18、 ' t, Can ' t ) cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2. It ' s cold outside. I(must, haveput on my coat.3. This is(quiet, quite) an interesting book.4. (Take, Bring) your sister here with you.5. Our teacher is very(strict with, strict in) us.6. Don ' t make so much(noise, n

19、oisy). Dad is sleeping in the ixe room.7. After dinner I can ' t(relax, relaxing, relaxed) either.8. She likes( dressing, wearing, putting on) sunglasses.9. There is a new car(out, outside) the house.10. Speak loudly, please! I can' t(hear, listenrto.) youIV .聽(tīng)力鏈接。(2015湖北襄陽(yáng)中考)1. When is Dick

20、 ' s music class?A. On Monday.B. On Tuesday.2. Who is Dick ' s music teacher?A. Mr. Brown.B. Mrs. Green.3. What ' s Gina ' s favorite day?A. Friday.B. Tuesday.參考答案I .根據(jù)句意和首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全單詞。1. follow 2. feel 3. outside 4. late 5. fight6. arrive 7. listen 8. dirty 9. before 10. dishesII .用括

21、號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. wear 2. has 3. playing 4. bring 5. noisy6. relaxed 7. terribly 8. do 9. doesn , like 10. get up III.選詞填空。1. Don ' 2. have to 3. quite4. Bring5. strict with6. noise 7. relax 8. wearing 9. outside 10. HearIV.聽(tīng)力鏈接。參考答案及聽(tīng)力材料：1. B 2. B 3. AW: Hi, Dick! How is your day?M: It ' s O

22、K. I like Tuesday because I have music. ItC. On Friday.C. Ms. Smith.C. Monday.s my favorite subject.W: Why do you like music best?M: Because my music teacher, Mrs. Green, sings well and we all like her class. And what favorite day, Gina?W: Friday. Because the next day is Saturday.M: Haha! That '

23、 s for sure. I like Friday, too. Questions:1. When is Dick ' s music class?2. Who is Dick ' s music teacher?3. What ' s Gina ' s favorite day?句式精講1 . Don' t arrive late for class.1）這是一個(gè)表示否定的祈使句，祈使句表示請(qǐng)求、命令或者建議。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，句子的主語(yǔ)you通常省略。句子結(jié)尾用句號(hào)，表示強(qiáng)烈語(yǔ)氣的時(shí)候用感嘆號(hào)，朗讀時(shí)要用降調(diào)?？梢栽诰淠┗蛘呔涫准由?please,使

24、語(yǔ)氣更加的緩和客氣。 please放在句首時(shí)后面不 需要加逗號(hào)，放在句末時(shí)后面要加逗號(hào)。例如：Listen to your teacher, please. 請(qǐng)聽(tīng)你的老師講話(huà)。Don' t look out of the window.不要向窗外看。Please come in. = Come in, please.請(qǐng)進(jìn)。2)這種祈使句的肯定式是“Do (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)+其他成份”。例如：Listen to me carefully! 認(rèn)真聽(tīng)我講！Open the door!打開(kāi)門(mén)！2 .help his mother make breakfast.help sb. (to) do sth

25、.意為“幫助某人做某事"，help后面可以跟帶to的不定式(to+動(dòng)詞原 形)做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，也可以跟不帶 to的動(dòng)詞不定式(動(dòng)詞原形)做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：He often helps me (to) clean the classroom.他經(jīng)常幫助我打掃教室。拓展：help既可以做動(dòng)詞也可以是名詞，常見(jiàn)的其他用法有1) help sb. with sth.意為“幫助某人做某事"，with后可以跟名詞。例如：I often help him with his lessons. 我經(jīng)常幫他做功課。2) with one ' s help為“在某人的幫助下”。例如：Wi

26、th my teacher ' s help, I passed the exOmt 師的幫助下，我通過(guò)了考試。3) help oneself to 意為"請(qǐng)隨便用”。例如：Please help yourselves to some fish. 請(qǐng)隨便吃些魚(yú)吧。3. I have to keep my hair short.“ keep +sb./sth.+形容詞”表示“使某人或者某物保持某種狀態(tài)”。此句式中的keep是動(dòng)詞, 意為“保留，保存，保持”。例如：Too much work keeps me busy and tired. 太多的工作讓我忙碌而且疲憊。We mu

27、st keep the class clean.我們必須保持教室干凈。拓展：keep常見(jiàn)的其他用法1) “keep +形容詞”，意為“保持某種狀態(tài)”。例如：Keep quiet, please!請(qǐng)保持安靜！2) "keep sb. doing sth."表示"讓某人繼續(xù)/不斷地做某事”。例如：He kept me waiting for an hour.他讓我等了一個(gè)小時(shí)。4. - because I have to/must learn to play the piano.此句中的learn是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)會(huì)" 。"learn (h

28、ow) to do sth."意為"學(xué)會(huì)， 學(xué)習(xí)(如何)做某事”。例如：You must learn (how) to drive a car. 你必須學(xué)會(huì)怎樣開(kāi)車(chē)。Last year, I learnt how to swim. 去年我學(xué)會(huì)了 游泳。拓展：learn的其他用法1) learn from 意為“向?qū)W習(xí)”。例如：We must learn from Lei Feng.我們必須向雷鋒學(xué)習(xí)。2) learn by oneself 意為 "自學(xué)”。例如：He learns English by himself.他自學(xué)英語(yǔ)。3)用于某些諺語(yǔ)中。例如：It &

29、#39; s never too old to lear話(huà)到老,學(xué)到老。5. Don ' t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!1) leave作動(dòng)詞，意為“留下，擱置，不馬上做，不馬上處理" 。"leave sth./sb. +地點(diǎn)” 可以表示“把某人/某物留在或者落在某地"?！發(fā)eave sth./sb. +時(shí)間”可以表示“把某事擱置到某時(shí)”。例如：I left my pen in the classroom.我把鋼筆落在教室了。John always leaves his dirty clothes in h

30、is bedroom.約翰總是把他的臟衣服留在臥室。He often leaves the things till next day.他總是把事情留到第二天。注意：leave sb. by oneself意為把某人獨(dú)自留下例如：They are busy with work and always leave their son home by himself.他們忙于工作并且總是把他們的兒子獨(dú)自留在家里。2) leave還可用在及物動(dòng)詞或者不及物動(dòng)詞表示“離開(kāi)，出發(fā)" ，"leave for"意為"出 發(fā)去某地”。例如：The plane leaves

31、for Beijing at 2 p.m.飛機(jī)下午兩點(diǎn)起飛去北京。Mr. Smith left two minutes ago. 史密斯先生兩分鐘前離開(kāi)了。句式精練I .仔細(xì)閱讀對(duì)話(huà)，選擇方框內(nèi)的句子填空格，使對(duì)話(huà)意思連貫正確。A : there are many rules in our school.B : You are welcome.C: Excuse me. Where are you from?D: Yes, you are right.E: Can we listen to music in the classroom?F: No, thank you.G: Sorry, we

32、 can ' t.A: 1 ?B: I am from Canada. And my name is Alice.A: Welcome. Well, 2 . Do you know them?B: Oh, no. Can you tell me, please?A: OK!C: Do we have to wear a uniform every day?A: Yes, we do.B:3 ?A: No, we can ' t. But we can listen to it outside.B: Can we watch TV on school nights?A: 4 .B

33、: Do we have to go to bed by 10:00 at night?A: Yes, we must.C: Oh I see. Thank you very much.A:5.n .句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1. We can ' t listen to music in the。地內(nèi)祈使句 ） to music in the room.2. Eat in class, please.（改為否定句）in class, please.3. You can practice your piano every day.（改為同義句 ） your piano every day.4

34、. They have to clean the classroom every day.（對(duì)戈U線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn) ） they have to every day?5. She has to wash clothes every week.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句） she wash her clothes every week?6. We must wear uniforms on Monday.（改為同義句）We wear uniforms on Monday.7. She has to get up at six o' clock everymorWng何 ）She get up at si

35、x o' clock every morning.8. I have to practice my violin on Sundays.（對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)） you have to practice your violin?9. late, can ' t, arrive, for, we, school成句）10. There is one thing you can do.（改為復(fù)數(shù)形式） There you can do.III .根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成句子，每空一詞。1 .你們?cè)趫D書(shū)館必須保持安靜嗎？Do youin the library?2 .你的作文里語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤太多了。grammar mistakes in your composition.3 .我媽媽說(shuō)做完作業(yè)以前不能看電視。My mom says I watch TV I finish my homework.4 .周末她得幫媽媽干家務(wù)