人教版英語七年級下冊(講義)Unit4Donx27teatinclass.詞句精講精練

1、人教版英語七年級下冊Unit 4 Don ' t eat in class.詞匯精講1. arrive1) arrive 意為“到達(dá)” 。arrive at+小地點(diǎn), arrive in + 大地點(diǎn)。例如：I will arrive in Beijing next week.我下周至 1H 匕京。I arrived at the small village on a cold morning. 在一個寒冷的早晨我到達(dá)了那個小村莊。2) arrive后面跟地點(diǎn)副詞 here, there, home時，不需要跟介詞。例如：arrive home 至U家arrive here 到這兒注意：

2、arrive late for與be late for是同義短語，者B表示“做某事遲到”的意思。arrive late for強(qiáng)調(diào)動作晚，be late for側(cè)重狀態(tài)晚。例如： Don' t arrive late for the next test.= Don' t be late for the next test.下一次考試不要再遲到了。2. listenlisten是不及物動詞，意為“聽，傾聽”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的動作，后面接賓語時要加上介詞to。例如：We should listen to the teacher carefully.我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真聽老師講課。Listen! S

3、omeone is singing in the garden. 聽！ 有人在花園里唱歌。拓展：hear, listen 和 sound 的辨析三個詞都有“聽”的意思，具體區(qū)別如下：hear意思是“聽說，聽到“，側(cè)重聽到的內(nèi)容。例如： I heard someone cry in the next room last night.昨晚我聽見有人在隔壁哭。listen意思是“聽”，側(cè)重聽的動作。例如： Listen! Someone is crying.聽！有人在哭。sound作動詞講時是連系動詞，意為“聽起來”，后面跟形容詞作表語，構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：It sounds good!聽起來不錯

4、！3. relaxrelax作及物動詞，意為“放松，休息，使輕松”，第三人稱單數(shù)為relaxeso例如：You work too hard; you should relax yourself.你工作太努力了，你應(yīng)該放松一下你自己。This song relaxes me. 這首歌使我心情舒暢。拓展：1) relaxed形容詞，意為“感到輕松的“，常修飾人做表語。例如：He is relaxed after listening to music.聽完音樂后，他感到輕松。2) relaxing也是形容詞，意為“令人輕松的”，常用來修飾物或者事情，可以作表語也可以作定語。例如：It ' s

5、 a relaxing tri超是一次令人輕松的旅行。The film is very relaxing. 這部電影很令人放松。4. on time & in timeon time意為“按時，準(zhǔn)時”，指按照規(guī)定的時間或者指定的時間做某事；而 in time指"及 時”，指不遲到或在規(guī)定的時間之前或者接近所規(guī)定的時間做某事。例如：We must arrive there on time.我們必須按時到達(dá)那里。At last, the police arrived there in time. 最后警察及時趕到了 那里。5. wear, put on, dress &

6、in1) wear是動詞，它的意思是“穿”，它表示狀態(tài)。例如：My father wears a T-shirt today.我爸爸今天穿著 T恤衫。2) put on的意思是“穿上、戴上”，它表示動作。例如:It ，s cold outside, put on your coat please卜面非常冷，請穿上你的大衣。3) dress作動詞時，表示“為穿衣”后接反身代詞或人，也可以不接賓語。例如：Can you dress the baby for me?你能幫我給孩子穿衣服嗎？4) in表示穿著的狀態(tài)，后接顏色或服裝。例如：The girl in red is my sister.穿紅衣

7、服的女孩是我姐姐。The girl in hat is very beautiful. 戴帽子的女孩兒很漂亮。6. strictstrict形容詞，意為“嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)格的”，在句子中可以做表語、定語。常用短語be strict withsb.意為“對某人要求嚴(yán)格"；be strict in sth.意為“對某事要求嚴(yán)格”。例如：She is a strict teacher.她是一個嚴(yán)格的老師。She is strict with her students and strict in her work. 她對她的學(xué)生和工作要求嚴(yán)格。7. bringbring動詞，意為“帶來；拿來”。例

8、如：Bring your English book to my office.把你的英語書帶到我辦公室里來。辨析：bring & take1) bring指從別處將某人或者某物帶到說話人所在的地方。例如：Please bring your family photo tomorrow. 明天請把你的全家福帶過來。2) take意為“帶走，拿走”時，指把某人或者某物從說話人所在地帶走。例如：His father often takes him to the zoo on weekends.他爸爸周末經(jīng)常帶他去動物園。8. outside1) outside副詞，意為“在外面",反

9、義詞是inside o例如：Don' t go outside. It ' sloocojd.面去，天氣太冷了。2) outside還可以做介詞，意為“在外面”。例如：There is a new car outside the house.房子夕卜邊有輛新車。3) outside作名詞，意為“外部，外表”。例如：The outside of the house is red.這個房子的外部是紅色的。辨析：作副詞時out與outside的區(qū)別out副詞意為“外出，出來”，其反義詞為in。outside副詞作副詞時，意為“在外面，在戶外”等，其反 義詞為inside。拓展：go

10、out的用法1)外出，或者指“參加社交活動，外出交際或娛樂”。例如：Mary goes out a lot on Sundays.每逢周日，瑪麗的應(yīng)酬非常多。2)出去。例如：Let' s go out for a walk.讓我們出去散步吧。3)出國，移居國外。例如：He went out to Canada two years ago.他兩年前移居加拿大了。4過時，不流行。例如：This kind of shoes went out last year.這款鞋去年就過時了。9. dish1) dish名詞，意為“碟，盤”，做餐具講時，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，其前常加the。do the dis

11、hes相當(dāng)于wash the dishes,意為"清洗餐具"。例如：It ' s your turn to do the dishes toda冷天輪到你洗碗了。2) dish還可用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“菜肴，一道菜”。例如：He likes cold dishes.他喜歡涼菜。辨析：dish & platedish和plate都是“盤，碟”的意思，它們的區(qū)別在于：dish可以泛指就餐時所用的餐具，包括盤、碗、碟、杯、刀、叉等，特指較深的盤子。例如：Please dry the dishes and put them away.請你把餐具擦干，收拾好。plate

12、指較平的盤子、碟子，可用來盛湯，也可用來裝菜。例如：Our host was very generous, heaping a plate of food to us.主人十分慷慨，給我們裝了一盤食物。10. practice1) practice作動詞時是及物動詞，意為“練習(xí)，訓(xùn)練” ，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動名詞做 賓語。例如：I often practice my English in the morning.我經(jīng)常在早上練習(xí)英語。He practices playing the piano every day. 他每天練習(xí)彈鋼琴。2) practice作名詞，意為“練習(xí)，實(shí)踐”，是不可數(shù)

13、名詞。例如：Playing the piano needs a lot of practice.彈鋼琴需要多加練習(xí)。Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。11. followfollow 動詞，意為“遵循，跟隨"。follow the rules意為"遵守規(guī)則”。例如：You must follow the school rules.你必須遵守學(xué)校規(guī)章制度。拓展：follow常見的其他用法有：1)跟隨，跟著。例如：Please follow me. I ' ll show the way.請跟我走，我來給你帶路。2)明白，領(lǐng)悟。例如： You a

14、re speaking too fast and we can ' t quite follow you. 你講的太快，我們不太懂你的意思。3)表示“沿而行”。例如：follow the road 沿路而行12. feel1) feel作行為動詞，意為“覺得，認(rèn)為"。例如：How do you feel today? 今天你感覺怎樣 ？I feel that you will win.我感覺你會贏。2) feel作連系動詞，意為“感覺，摸起來”，其后跟形容詞作表語。例如：I feel happy today.我今天感覺很高興。Your hand feels cold.你的手摸

15、起來很涼。詞匯精練I.根據(jù)句意和首字母或漢語提示補(bǔ)全單詞。1. We must f the rules in the school.2. Today is my birthday. I f very happy.3. Don 'stand o! Come in, please!4. He is very lazy. He ' s always l for school.5. Don ' t f with each other.6. 一 When do you a at school? At half past seven.7. Can we l to the music

16、?8. The room is very d, so you must clean it.9. He has to do his homework b dinner.10. Do you do the d after dinner?n.用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We have to(wear) uniforms to school every day.2. Jim(have) to brush his teeth before going to bed.3. My mother often asks me to practice(play) the violin.4. Don &#

17、39; t(bring) music players to school.5. Don ' t be( noise) in the library.6. Everyone feels(relax) when they listen to light music.7. The weather is(terrible) hot.8. Does Jack(do) his homework on time?9. She(not like) playing basketball.10. I have to(get up) at six o' clock.III .選詞填空。1. (Don

18、 ' t, Can ' t ) cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2. It ' s cold outside. I(must, haveput on my coat.3. This is(quiet, quite) an interesting book.4. (Take, Bring) your sister here with you.5. Our teacher is very(strict with, strict in) us.6. Don ' t make so much(noise, n

19、oisy). Dad is sleeping in the ixe room.7. After dinner I can ' t(relax, relaxing, relaxed) either.8. She likes( dressing, wearing, putting on) sunglasses.9. There is a new car(out, outside) the house.10. Speak loudly, please! I can' t(hear, listenrto.) youIV .聽力鏈接。(2015湖北襄陽中考)1. When is Dick

20、 ' s music class?A. On Monday.B. On Tuesday.2. Who is Dick ' s music teacher?A. Mr. Brown.B. Mrs. Green.3. What ' s Gina ' s favorite day?A. Friday.B. Tuesday.參考答案I .根據(jù)句意和首字母或漢語提示補(bǔ)全單詞。1. follow 2. feel 3. outside 4. late 5. fight6. arrive 7. listen 8. dirty 9. before 10. dishesII .用括

21、號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. wear 2. has 3. playing 4. bring 5. noisy6. relaxed 7. terribly 8. do 9. doesn , like 10. get up III.選詞填空。1. Don ' 2. have to 3. quite4. Bring5. strict with6. noise 7. relax 8. wearing 9. outside 10. HearIV.聽力鏈接。參考答案及聽力材料：1. B 2. B 3. AW: Hi, Dick! How is your day?M: It ' s O

22、K. I like Tuesday because I have music. ItC. On Friday.C. Ms. Smith.C. Monday.s my favorite subject.W: Why do you like music best?M: Because my music teacher, Mrs. Green, sings well and we all like her class. And what favorite day, Gina?W: Friday. Because the next day is Saturday.M: Haha! That '

23、 s for sure. I like Friday, too. Questions:1. When is Dick ' s music class?2. Who is Dick ' s music teacher?3. What ' s Gina ' s favorite day?句式精講1 . Don' t arrive late for class.1）這是一個表示否定的祈使句，祈使句表示請求、命令或者建議。謂語動詞用原形，句子的主語you通常省略。句子結(jié)尾用句號，表示強(qiáng)烈語氣的時候用感嘆號，朗讀時要用降調(diào)。可以在句末或者句首加上 please,使

24、語氣更加的緩和客氣。 please放在句首時后面不 需要加逗號，放在句末時后面要加逗號。例如：Listen to your teacher, please. 請聽你的老師講話。Don' t look out of the window.不要向窗外看。Please come in. = Come in, please.請進(jìn)。2)這種祈使句的肯定式是“Do (實(shí)義動詞)+其他成份”。例如：Listen to me carefully! 認(rèn)真聽我講！Open the door!打開門！2 .help his mother make breakfast.help sb. (to) do sth

25、.意為“幫助某人做某事"，help后面可以跟帶to的不定式(to+動詞原 形)做賓語補(bǔ)足語，也可以跟不帶 to的動詞不定式(動詞原形)做賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：He often helps me (to) clean the classroom.他經(jīng)常幫助我打掃教室。拓展：help既可以做動詞也可以是名詞，常見的其他用法有1) help sb. with sth.意為“幫助某人做某事"，with后可以跟名詞。例如：I often help him with his lessons. 我經(jīng)常幫他做功課。2) with one ' s help為“在某人的幫助下”。例如：Wi

26、th my teacher ' s help, I passed the exOmt 師的幫助下，我通過了考試。3) help oneself to 意為"請隨便用”。例如：Please help yourselves to some fish. 請隨便吃些魚吧。3. I have to keep my hair short.“ keep +sb./sth.+形容詞”表示“使某人或者某物保持某種狀態(tài)”。此句式中的keep是動詞, 意為“保留，保存，保持”。例如：Too much work keeps me busy and tired. 太多的工作讓我忙碌而且疲憊。We mu

27、st keep the class clean.我們必須保持教室干凈。拓展：keep常見的其他用法1) “keep +形容詞”，意為“保持某種狀態(tài)”。例如：Keep quiet, please!請保持安靜！2) "keep sb. doing sth."表示"讓某人繼續(xù)/不斷地做某事”。例如：He kept me waiting for an hour.他讓我等了一個小時。4. - because I have to/must learn to play the piano.此句中的learn是及物動詞，意為“學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)會" 。"learn (h

28、ow) to do sth."意為"學(xué)會， 學(xué)習(xí)(如何)做某事”。例如：You must learn (how) to drive a car. 你必須學(xué)會怎樣開車。Last year, I learnt how to swim. 去年我學(xué)會了 游泳。拓展：learn的其他用法1) learn from 意為“向?qū)W習(xí)”。例如：We must learn from Lei Feng.我們必須向雷鋒學(xué)習(xí)。2) learn by oneself 意為 "自學(xué)”。例如：He learns English by himself.他自學(xué)英語。3)用于某些諺語中。例如：It &

29、#39; s never too old to lear話到老,學(xué)到老。5. Don ' t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!1) leave作動詞，意為“留下，擱置，不馬上做，不馬上處理" 。"leave sth./sb. +地點(diǎn)” 可以表示“把某人/某物留在或者落在某地"?！發(fā)eave sth./sb. +時間”可以表示“把某事擱置到某時”。例如：I left my pen in the classroom.我把鋼筆落在教室了。John always leaves his dirty clothes in h

30、is bedroom.約翰總是把他的臟衣服留在臥室。He often leaves the things till next day.他總是把事情留到第二天。注意：leave sb. by oneself意為把某人獨(dú)自留下例如：They are busy with work and always leave their son home by himself.他們忙于工作并且總是把他們的兒子獨(dú)自留在家里。2) leave還可用在及物動詞或者不及物動詞表示“離開，出發(fā)" ，"leave for"意為"出 發(fā)去某地”。例如：The plane leaves

31、for Beijing at 2 p.m.飛機(jī)下午兩點(diǎn)起飛去北京。Mr. Smith left two minutes ago. 史密斯先生兩分鐘前離開了。句式精練I .仔細(xì)閱讀對話，選擇方框內(nèi)的句子填空格，使對話意思連貫正確。A : there are many rules in our school.B : You are welcome.C: Excuse me. Where are you from?D: Yes, you are right.E: Can we listen to music in the classroom?F: No, thank you.G: Sorry, we

32、 can ' t.A: 1 ?B: I am from Canada. And my name is Alice.A: Welcome. Well, 2 . Do you know them?B: Oh, no. Can you tell me, please?A: OK!C: Do we have to wear a uniform every day?A: Yes, we do.B:3 ?A: No, we can ' t. But we can listen to it outside.B: Can we watch TV on school nights?A: 4 .B

33、: Do we have to go to bed by 10:00 at night?A: Yes, we must.C: Oh I see. Thank you very much.A:5.n .句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1. We can ' t listen to music in the。地內(nèi)祈使句 ） to music in the room.2. Eat in class, please.（改為否定句）in class, please.3. You can practice your piano every day.（改為同義句 ） your piano every day.4

34、. They have to clean the classroom every day.（對戈U線部分提問 ） they have to every day?5. She has to wash clothes every week.（改為一般疑問句） she wash her clothes every week?6. We must wear uniforms on Monday.（改為同義句）We wear uniforms on Monday.7. She has to get up at six o' clock everymorWng何 ）She get up at si

35、x o' clock every morning.8. I have to practice my violin on Sundays.（對劃線部分提問） you have to practice your violin?9. late, can ' t, arrive, for, we, school成句）10. There is one thing you can do.（改為復(fù)數(shù)形式） There you can do.III .根據(jù)漢語意思，完成句子，每空一詞。1 .你們在圖書館必須保持安靜嗎？Do youin the library?2 .你的作文里語法錯誤太多了。grammar mistakes in your composition.3 .我媽媽說做完作業(yè)以前不能看電視。My mom says I watch TV I finish my homework.4 .周末她得幫媽媽干家務(wù)