高考英語書面表達(dá)總動(dòng)員：書面表達(dá)6.技法點(diǎn)撥分析

1、一提綱類寫作技法提綱類寫作是近年高考英語書面表達(dá)的熱點(diǎn)題型,命題人通常以提綱類作文的形式考查書信、報(bào)道、通知、日記、發(fā)言稿、對某人或某物的介紹、歡迎詞等。提綱類作文的選材范圍很廣,內(nèi)容簡單易懂,且多是考生熟悉的話題。這類題型的主要特點(diǎn)是要點(diǎn)明確,范圍具體。但考生也容易受中文提綱的制約,將書面表達(dá)變成了翻譯,造成語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯上的單調(diào),甚至寫出結(jié)構(gòu)上不完整的句子。在寫作時(shí)我們要注意:1.認(rèn)真審題和分析所給的提綱,認(rèn)清題目和提綱之間的關(guān)系,確定文章的主題、內(nèi)容和文體。2.每一個(gè)提綱可以作為文章的段落層次,段落的展開圍繞提綱的中心內(nèi)容,不能偏離,也不能任意增減。3.提綱只是對文章的提示和概括,不是主

2、題句。這需要根據(jù)提綱的性質(zhì),寫出完整的、體現(xiàn)提綱主旨的句子,使之成為主題句。然后圍繞主題句進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展。4.收集材料支持主題句。材料可以是事實(shí)、例證、親身經(jīng)歷、名人名言、諺語警句等?！舅夭腻\囊】1.開頭語句(1)Im very delighted to have the chance to.(2)As is often said,.(3)We had a heated discussion about/on.and different students held their own different opinions.(4)With the development of.more and mor

3、e people.(5)At present,there is a widespread concern that.2.銜接語句(1)Wonderful as sth.is,however,it has its own disadvantages as well.(2)As/So far as Im concerned,Im in favor of the first/second view.(3)The main reason why.is that.(4)The reasons are as follows.(5)Every coin has its two sides.任何事情都有利弊(

4、兩面)。3.結(jié)尾語句(1)Taking all these into account/consideration,we may safely reach the conclusion that.(2)So we must take measures to.(3)I felt excited,though tired out,to make a difference to sb./sth.【典例示范】假定你是李華,計(jì)劃和同學(xué)去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人們過重陽節(jié)(the Double Ninth Festival)。請給外教露西寫封郵件,邀她一同前往,內(nèi)容包括:1.出發(fā)及返回時(shí)間;

5、2.活動(dòng):包餃子、表演節(jié)目等。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;3.結(jié)語已為你寫好。Dear Lucy, Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua【審題謀篇】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于英文書信,根據(jù)提示信息說明邀請Lucy去參加的活動(dòng)和時(shí)間等。寫作時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn):1.仔細(xì)閱讀有關(guān)提示,弄清試題提供的所有信息,明確三個(gè)要點(diǎn):邀請、時(shí)間、具體活動(dòng)。2.提綱是文章的總體框架,要在提綱的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行分析、構(gòu)思和想象。要依據(jù)提示情景或詞語,按照一定邏輯關(guān)系來寫。本文寫作時(shí)可以按照要點(diǎn)所給的順序?qū)憽?.根據(jù)要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài);就本文

6、而言應(yīng)該用一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。4.注意使用高級詞匯和句式,以增加文章的亮點(diǎn)。【范文展示】二圖畫類寫作技法圖畫類材料作文是材料作文的一種特殊形式,是一種變“畫”為文的作文方式。這種題型提供給考生的是圖畫,要求考生在看懂圖畫的意思后寫作文,主要訓(xùn)練和考查考生的觀察力、思考力、創(chuàng)造力和表達(dá)能力。寫作時(shí),同學(xué)們要做到以下五點(diǎn):1.確定體裁。此類文章一般以記敘文或議論文為主。審題時(shí),應(yīng)仔細(xì)閱讀圖畫及文字說明,確定文章使用的體裁。2.確定人稱。若以日記、回憶錄等形式來寫,一般采用第一人稱;若以講故事的形式來寫,一般采用第三人稱。3.確定時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容及所采用的文章體裁,確定文章所要使用的時(shí)態(tài)。4.發(fā)揮聯(lián)想。

7、這類文章一般要求進(jìn)行聯(lián)想和發(fā)揮,以使上下文能更好地連貫起來,但聯(lián)想要合理、適度。5.注意詳略。對于圖畫中的內(nèi)容,要注意詳略得當(dāng)。圖畫中所出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間、數(shù)字或言論要一詞不漏地寫清楚,而有些過程及原因則可適當(dāng)簡略。【素材錦囊】1.用于描述圖畫或引入話題的句式:As is described/illustrated/shown in the picture.2.用于記敘事件經(jīng)過或分析現(xiàn)象的語句:(1)At first.Then.Five minutes later.Finally/In the end.(2)Some.;some.;others.一些人;一些人;另外一些人(3)More and mor

8、e people have come to realize the importance of.越來越多的人已經(jīng)意識到的重要性了。3.用于發(fā)表議論或進(jìn)行總結(jié)的語句:(1)If such measures were not taken,the problem would be more serious.(2)We can conclude from the picture that.(3)As has been stated,we must.【典例示范】請閱讀下面圖畫,按要求用英語寫一篇詞數(shù)為120左右的短文。內(nèi)容要求:1.描述畫面;2.概述其含義;3.談?wù)剛€(gè)人感想。注意:1.短文開頭已給出,不

9、計(jì)入總詞數(shù);2.可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,使文章內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫;3.文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息。參考詞匯:鑿,鉆 boreIn the picture, 【審題謀篇】本題為看圖寫作,主題是一則成語“鑿壁偷光”。注意條理要清晰,邏輯順序和結(jié)構(gòu)要恰當(dāng),同時(shí)要盡量保持簡潔精干的內(nèi)容,不拖泥帶水。要注意題中所給的信息,不可偏題。盡量保持卷面整潔,字體美觀,注意行文的連貫性?！痉段恼故尽咳龍D表類寫作技法圖表類作文是高考英語書面表達(dá)較常見的考查形式之一,要求考生通過對數(shù)據(jù)、文字內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析,對前后變化、正反觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行對比,或者對某產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行介紹,系統(tǒng)而準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出圖表所示內(nèi)容,并得出令人信服的結(jié)論,比如用來說明關(guān)于生產(chǎn)

10、、銷售、發(fā)展進(jìn)程等項(xiàng)目的統(tǒng)計(jì)變化。從寫作體裁看,主要有說明文、議論文和應(yīng)用文,時(shí)態(tài)一般用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。寫作時(shí),要做到以下幾點(diǎn):1.解讀信息。認(rèn)真閱讀圖表提供的信息以及每一欄上面的小標(biāo)題,弄清設(shè)計(jì)者想通過圖表反映的信息、問題或現(xiàn)象。對于曲線圖,要認(rèn)真觀察坐標(biāo)系所顯示的數(shù)據(jù)信息,并注意交會(huì)點(diǎn)在坐標(biāo)橫軸和縱軸上的數(shù)字及單位;對于流程圖,要按流程順序進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)倪壿嬐评?對于柱狀圖或餅狀圖要通過對寬度相等的柱形的高度的比較和各部分所占比例來判斷事物的動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展趨勢,關(guān)注坐標(biāo)線的刻度、單位及圖表旁邊的提示說明;對于平面圖,要仔細(xì)觀察,理解圖表的真正含義,按一定的邏輯順序,有層次地進(jìn)行表述。2.分析數(shù)據(jù)。在掌握

11、了全部信息的基礎(chǔ)上,著手分析這些信息和數(shù)據(jù),通過分析對比,找出不同點(diǎn)和相似點(diǎn)。3.展開寫作。在寫作時(shí)要注意下面幾點(diǎn):(1)開門見山,點(diǎn)明圖表要表達(dá)的主題。(2)中間段落對圖表的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析,可通過分類或?qū)Ρ葋肀憩F(xiàn)主題,并闡明必要的理由。切忌反復(fù)使用同一句式或反復(fù)出現(xiàn)圖表中的數(shù)據(jù),致使文章顯得毫無生氣。要注意改換敘述的方式,使用不同的詞語和句式。(3)結(jié)尾對全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)?！舅夭腻\囊】1.開頭語句(1)Look at this picture.(2)The picture shows that.(3)From this picture,we can see.(4)As is shown in th

12、e picture.(5)As is seen in the picture.2.銜接語句(1)As we all know,.(2)As is known to all,.(3)It is well known that.(4)In my opinion,.(5)As far as I am concerned,.(6)This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.3.結(jié)尾語句(1)In conclusion.(2)In brief.(3)On the whole.(4)In short.(5)In a word.(6)General

13、ly speaking.(7)As has been stated.【典例示范】請閱讀下面文字及圖表,并按照要求用英語寫一篇150詞左右的文章?！緦懽鲀?nèi)容】1.用約30個(gè)單詞概述上述信息的主要內(nèi)容;2.結(jié)合上述信息,簡要分析導(dǎo)致交通問題的主要原因;3.根據(jù)你的分析,從社會(huì)規(guī)范(rules and regulations)和個(gè)人行為兩方面談?wù)勀愕玫降膯⑹?不少于兩點(diǎn))?！緦懽饕蟆?.寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句;2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱;3.不必寫標(biāo)題?！驹u分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】內(nèi)容完整,語言規(guī)范,語篇連貫,詞數(shù)適當(dāng)?！緦忣}謀篇】材料分為三部分:第一部分講述了一位老奶奶阻止車輛占用自行車道引發(fā)

14、的爭議。第二部分講述了某些騎電動(dòng)車和自行車的人不遵守紅綠燈,導(dǎo)致交通事故發(fā)生的現(xiàn)象。第三部分是圖表和文字,反映近幾年私家車的數(shù)量激增現(xiàn)象。要求第一段用30個(gè)單詞概括材料內(nèi)容;第二段分析導(dǎo)致交通問題的原因;第三段從社會(huì)規(guī)則和個(gè)人行為談?wù)剢⑹?不少于兩點(diǎn))?！痉段恼故尽克膽?yīng)用體類寫作技法應(yīng)用文是高考英語書面表達(dá)最常見的一種考查體裁。在日常生活、學(xué)習(xí)和工作中,個(gè)人與個(gè)人之間的交往,個(gè)人與集體之間的聯(lián)系,集體與集體之間的往來,都需要用文字進(jìn)行交流,這類文章被稱為應(yīng)用文。應(yīng)用文有具體明確的格式,結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),語言必須平實(shí)、準(zhǔn)確、簡潔、信息真實(shí)。命題方式常有提綱、圖畫和圖表形式等。常見的應(yīng)用文有書信(包括電子

15、郵件)、通知、日記、便條、啟事、演講稿、廣告、海報(bào)、尋物啟事、招領(lǐng)啟事、請?zhí)取?.書信和電子郵件書信一般可分為兩大類:商業(yè)書信和私人書信。從內(nèi)容上看書信的種類很多,主要包括致歉信、致謝信、筆友信、慰問信、投訴信、邀請信、介紹信、自薦信、求職信、讀者請求的解答信等。寫信時(shí),首先必須注意寫信的格式,如:信頭、信內(nèi)地址、寫信日期、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語、簽名、附件等。目前高考書信類應(yīng)用文的考查一般是提供簡單的格式,不需要考生在格式上多動(dòng)腦筋,因此考生只需要把主要精力投入到行文中即可。正文的內(nèi)容可以是記敘事件、討論問題、說明事理、解釋原因等,究其實(shí)質(zhì),就是記敘文、說明文、議論文在實(shí)際生活中的應(yīng)用。隨著網(wǎng)

16、絡(luò)的普及,越來越多的人開始使用電子郵件進(jìn)行交流。與書信比起來,電子郵件沒有復(fù)雜的格式,只有稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語、簽名等。其內(nèi)容與書信沒有區(qū)別。寫書信和電子郵件時(shí)要注意:(1)注意書信的格式,已給出格式的需查看是否完整;(2)根據(jù)題目要求確定寫作中心,列出提綱;(3)用自己熟悉的詞匯與句型擴(kuò)展成篇?！舅夭腻\囊】(1)開頭語句Havent seen you for ages.Glad to hear from you.Your letter came to me this morning.Im writing to ask if you can come next month.There is no

17、thing happier to me than to receive your letter.Ive been thinking about the question you wrote in the letter.In my opinion,you should.(2)結(jié)尾語句Please remember me to your whole family.Give my best regards/wishes to your mother.Wish you a pleasant journey.Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you.E

18、xpecting to hear from you as soon as possible.【典例示范】假定你是李華,你校英文報(bào)“外國文化”欄目擬刊登介紹美國節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活的短文。請給美國朋友彼得寫信約稿,要點(diǎn)如下:1.欄目介紹;2.稿件內(nèi)容;3.稿件長度:約400詞;4.交稿日期:6月28日前。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;3.開頭語已為你寫好。Dear Peter,Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.【審題謀篇】本文屬于英文書信,根據(jù)提示信息要

19、求寫一封給美國朋友彼得的約稿信,為校英文報(bào)“外國文化”欄目刊登介紹美國節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活的文章。寫作時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn):1.仔細(xì)閱讀有關(guān)提示,弄清試題提供的所有信息,明確寫作要點(diǎn)。2.建議Peter介紹美國節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活。3.稿件的要求及時(shí)間。寫作時(shí)根據(jù)要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)。就本文而言應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。4.注意使用高級詞匯和句式,以增加文章的亮點(diǎn)?！痉段恼故尽?.日記日記是把自己一天中所見、所聞、所經(jīng)歷過的最重要或最有意義的事件寫下來。英文日記的格式一般是在第一行的左邊寫日期和星期,如:Oct.15,Thursday;在第一行的右邊寫天氣狀況,如:sunny/fine/rai

20、ny/cloudy/windy/snowy。不過考試中,日記的格式通常已經(jīng)給出。日記的題材廣泛、內(nèi)容多樣。由于日記是記敘已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事件,因此,常用一般過去時(shí);人稱一般是第一人稱。寫作時(shí)要注意:(1)介紹事件;(2)描述事情經(jīng)過,適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié);(3)抒發(fā)感想或總結(jié)該事件的意義。【素材錦囊】(1)開頭語句:Today is a sunny day.I went to.with.It is.today.It is also a special day for me,because.In the morning when I.,I suddenly found.,which reminded me o

21、f.(2)結(jié)尾語句:A tiring as well as meaningful day has ended,but I still remained excited for quite a long time.What happened today has left a deep impression in my memory.Today is a significant day,and it will remain in my memory forever.【典例示范】假定你是李華。請根據(jù)寫作要點(diǎn)用英語寫一篇周記,記述你周末幫助家人做家務(wù)的一次經(jīng)歷。寫作要點(diǎn):1.做家務(wù)的理由;2.做家務(wù)的

22、過程;3.你的感受。注意:1.短文詞數(shù)不少于100;2.開頭部分已寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);3.不能使用真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。I am an 18-year-old middle school student. 【審題謀篇】寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn):(1)注意人稱,日記應(yīng)該用第一人稱來寫。(2)注意時(shí)態(tài)的正確使用:試卷要求記述周末的一次經(jīng)歷,所以應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)。(3)注意恰當(dāng)使用邏輯詞語,使各個(gè)要點(diǎn)間邏輯連貫,行文通順。寫作要素歸納如下:首先,說明做家務(wù)的理由。其次,交代做家務(wù)的過程。最后,談?wù)勀愕母惺?。以上各提綱自然成段,條理清晰。【范文展示】3.通知通知一般分為書面通知和口頭通知兩類。書面通知的格式比較

23、簡單。首先在第一行的正中間寫上Notice,然后在下面的正文中寫明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、相關(guān)人員及要求。發(fā)出通知的時(shí)間既可寫在正文的右上角,也可寫在正文的左下角。發(fā)出通知的單位名稱一般寫在右下角。如果單位及發(fā)出的時(shí)間都比較清楚,也可省略?？陬^通知只是一種用來宣讀的稿件,發(fā)通知的時(shí)間、單位都可以不寫,標(biāo)題也可以不要,但要求有固定的格式。在寫作時(shí)要注意:(1)明確是口頭通知還是書面通知,采用相應(yīng)的格式;(2)具體闡明通知的內(nèi)容;(3)通知的其他要求?！舅夭腻\囊】口頭通知常用語句(1)稱呼語句:Ladies and gentlemenDear fellow studentsDear friendsB

24、oys and girls(2)開頭語句:Attention,please!Be quiet,please!May I have your attention,please?Ive got something important to tell you.Ive got an announcement to make.(3)結(jié)尾語句:Thats all.Thank you.Thats all.Thanks for your attention.【典例示范】假定你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華。學(xué)校將舉辦一次以“校園生活創(chuàng)意無限”(Innovations on Campus)為主題的創(chuàng)意作品展評活動(dòng)。請你根據(jù)以

25、下圖示,以短文形式用英語寫一份書面通知。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮,以使行文連貫;3.開頭及結(jié)尾已為你寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯:校園campus創(chuàng)意作品innovation頒獎(jiǎng)prize-giving【審題謀篇】本文屬于看圖作文,實(shí)際上屬于通知布告。學(xué)校將舉辦一次以“校園生活創(chuàng)意無限”(Innovations on Campus)為主題的創(chuàng)意作品展評活動(dòng)。要特別注意通知的格式和一些慣用語。寫作要點(diǎn)展示如下:【范文展示】4.演講稿演講稿是演講者在一定的場合,面對特定的對象,為了達(dá)到某種目的而采取的表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的文字。演講稿與其他的文稿不一樣,它必須富有激情、號召力和感染力。因

26、此演講稿的文字必須通俗易懂;句子必須簡短,便于表現(xiàn)。同時(shí)演講稿必須注意格式,即演講稿的七個(gè)部分:一是稱呼;二是問候;三是介紹;四是表述心情和謝意;五是介紹演講的標(biāo)題;六是演講的內(nèi)容;七是再次表示感謝。【素材錦囊】(1)開頭語句:I am glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation.I shall be speaking today about.Im going to be speaking about something that is vitally important to all of us.The topic of my

27、 speech is.(2)結(jié)尾語句:To sum up,my conclusion is.By way of conclusion,Id like to quote what Newton once said.Let me conclude my speech with the following comments.Thank you from the bottom of my heart for giving this chance to speak to you today.【典例示范】假定你是星光中學(xué)的高中畢業(yè)生李華,母校將為高一新生舉辦主題為“What to learn in sen

28、ior high school?”的英語沙龍活動(dòng),特邀請你結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷談?wù)勛约旱捏w會(huì)。請根據(jù)以下提綱準(zhǔn)備一份英語發(fā)言稿。1.學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí):方法、習(xí)慣等;2.學(xué)會(huì)做人:真誠、友善等;3.其他方面:考生自擬。注意:1.詞數(shù)120左右;2.發(fā)言稿開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不須抄在答題卡上,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Good morning,everyone!It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.Thank you!【審題謀篇】本文屬于提綱類短文。母校邀請畢業(yè)生李華做一個(gè)關(guān)于

29、“What to learn in senior high school?”的英語沙龍,談?wù)勛约旱捏w會(huì),主要敘述過去的事情,使用一般過去時(shí)和第一人稱。要點(diǎn):1.學(xué)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí):方法,習(xí)慣等;2.學(xué)會(huì)做人:真誠,友善;3.學(xué)會(huì)其他:積極參加課外活動(dòng)和體育活動(dòng)等?！痉段恼故尽课彘_放類寫作技法開放類作文屬于非控制性寫作,題目主要是簡短的文字提示或圖畫,給考生留下很大的自由發(fā)揮和想象的空間。但也對考生提出了更高的要求,它不僅考查考生的邏輯思維和想象能力,更考查考生的語言表達(dá)和組織能力,同時(shí)還從多角度考查考生分析和解決問題的能力。一般來說,開放類作文有記敘文和議論文兩種文體。記敘文體的開放類作文往往給考生一段

30、材料,要求考生根據(jù)所給材料的內(nèi)容,運(yùn)用邏輯推理的方法,給故事添加開頭、發(fā)展過程及結(jié)尾;議論文體的開放類作文邏輯性強(qiáng),要求考生在所給材料或主題的基礎(chǔ)上提煉觀點(diǎn),給出論證,并得出結(jié)論。寫作時(shí)要注意:1.仔細(xì)觀察,認(rèn)真審題審題對開放類作文的寫作相當(dāng)重要,通過審題確定文章的主題、時(shí)態(tài)和體裁。2.直奔主題,突出重點(diǎn)一般來說,開放類作文要求的詞數(shù)比較少,所以考生在文章的結(jié)構(gòu)上必須注意“集中火力”,突出重點(diǎn),而不要隨意發(fā)揮。3.緊扣主題,內(nèi)容充實(shí)對有圖畫的,要緊扣圖畫信息的主題,進(jìn)行合理的闡述,并表達(dá)自己的感想。在這一部分,只需用簡單的語言講出道理即可,沒有必要過深地挖掘圖畫信息,但要保證文章思想是健康向上

31、的。4.過渡自然,結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊一篇好的文章應(yīng)該注意段落間的自然過渡。因此在上下文之間添加一個(gè)過渡段是不可缺少的。過渡段可以是一句套話,如:As far as Im concerned,the picture is both meaningful and wonderful.5.全面審核,仔細(xì)檢查文章寫完后,要注意對照寫作要求仔細(xì)審核,看所寫內(nèi)容是否符合題意,內(nèi)容是否充實(shí),句型是否正確,有無拼寫和語法錯(cuò)誤等?！舅夭腻\囊】1.分析原因(1)There are.reasons for.(2)The reasons for this are as follows.(3)The reason for thi

32、s is that.2.表示重要、必要、困難、方便、(不)可能(1)It is important(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible) for sb.to do sth.(2)It plays an important role/part in.(3)be of importance/significance to.(4)attach importance to.3.說影響(1)have an impact/effect on.(2)do great harm to/be harmful to.4.列措施(1)A good many/A varie

33、ty of things can be done to.(2)Strong/Effective measures should be taken to.5.展望與呼吁(1)appeal to sb.to do sth./urge sb.to do sth./call on sb.to do sth.(2)do what/all that sb.can to do.【典例示范】請以老師當(dāng)眾表揚(yáng)你為話題,用下面所給句子開頭,續(xù)寫一篇英語短文。As a student,I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by

34、my teacher before my classmates.注意:1.將所給句子寫在答題卡上;2.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)不少于120個(gè);3.不能使用真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱?！緦忣}謀篇】這是一篇續(xù)寫型開放類作文。主題已明確,剩余的要求我們展開合理的想象,使得行文邏輯順暢而完整。首先,確定文章體裁、時(shí)態(tài)和人稱:本篇作文是典型的夾敘夾議文,使用第一人稱;時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。其次,文章結(jié)構(gòu)一般要包括以下內(nèi)容:1.文章的開頭即用試題給出的句子;2.對受到老師表揚(yáng)的這件事要具體描述;3.針對這件事情說出自己的感受?！痉段恼故尽渴渥魑暮诵哪Ｊ?十句作文法的基本結(jié)構(gòu)第一段為開頭,包括兩句。第一句為主題句,提出問題并通過

35、問題點(diǎn)明全文主題;第二句為擴(kuò)展句,進(jìn)一步說明和支持主題句。另外,也可將兩句順序倒過來,由第一句說明情況,第二句提出問題。第二段為正文,共七句。第一句為主題句,提出本段的主題,它應(yīng)與第一段的主題相一致。第二句至第七句為擴(kuò)展句,說明和支持本段的主題。句與句之間要注意運(yùn)用好過渡詞,以使行文流暢。第三段為結(jié)尾,簡化為一句,是對全文的總結(jié),并說明作者自己的觀點(diǎn)(也可以根據(jù)需要靈活確定第二、三段的內(nèi)容)。三段之間的銜接要靈活運(yùn)用“起、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合”的過渡手段。2.三段式所謂三段式作文法,就是將一篇作文按三段的寫作模式布局謀篇,即開頭、正文、結(jié)尾。三段式寫作模式思路清晰,結(jié)構(gòu)分明,是考生提高作文檔次的最佳選擇

36、。三段式的模式寫法通常為:第一段開門見山,提出要解決的問題或觀點(diǎn),或者把時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和主要事件及時(shí)點(diǎn)出。第二段要擺出事實(shí)或提出論據(jù),或者把事情發(fā)展的經(jīng)過詳細(xì)寫出來。最后一段,得出結(jié)論或理由。注意:要學(xué)會(huì)使用過渡詞。過渡詞猶如“橋梁”和“黏合劑”。恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^渡詞可避免結(jié)構(gòu)松散,層次不分明,表意不清等弊端,使文章條理清楚,文字連貫流暢。常用的過渡詞有:遞進(jìn)型:also,(and)besides,whats more,moreover,furthermore,in addition,even,whats worse,worse still,to make matters worse,for t

37、he worse,not only.but also等;解釋型:that is(to say),in other words,or,namely,in fact,in reality,as a matter of fact等;轉(zhuǎn)折型:however,but,yet,nevertheless,instead,on the contrary,on the other hand 等;列舉型:firstly.secondly.finally,on the one hand.on the other hand,for one thing.for another等;舉例型:for example,for

38、instance,such as,that is,like,take.for example等;因果型:because(of),since,now that,thanks to,due to;thus,therefore,as a result(consequence),so.that,so that等;讓步型:though,although,in spite of,despite 等;順序型:first.next.and then.finally,first.then.after that.finally 等;并列型:and,both.and,or,either.or,as well as等

39、時(shí)間型:afterwards,soon,later,the moment/immediately/on doing,hardly.when,no sooner.than等;總結(jié)型:in a word,to sum up,in short,on the whole,in conclusion等;見解型:in my opinion,personally speaking,as far as I am concerned,Im sure等;條件型:if,as long as,so long as,on condition that,unless等【萬能模板】社會(huì)調(diào)查型Recently I have

40、done a survey on 調(diào)查的主題.According to the survey,介紹調(diào)查的情況,while介紹調(diào)查的其他情況.There are chiefly three reasons for it.Firstly,原因一.Secondly,原因二.Apart from the above reasons,原因三.In my opinion,I think 建議要做的事情及原因.Whats more/Besides/Moreover,介紹另外一個(gè)建議.利弊型模板一:Nowadays,there is a widespread concern over 討論議題.In fact

41、,there are both advantages and disadvantages in 討論議題.Generally speaking,it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly,優(yōu)點(diǎn)一.Secondly,優(yōu)點(diǎn)二.Just as a popular saying goes,“Every coin has two sides.”討論議題is no exception,and in another word,it still had negative aspects.To

42、begin with,缺點(diǎn)一.In addition,缺點(diǎn)二.To sum up,we should try to make full use of the advantages of 討論議題 and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case,we will definitely make a better use of 討論議題.模板二:Nowadays,many people prefer 某種事物,because it plays a significant role in our dai

43、ly life.Generally,its advantages can be seen as follows.First,優(yōu)點(diǎn)一.Besides,優(yōu)點(diǎn)二.But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that 缺點(diǎn)一.To make matters worse,缺點(diǎn)二.Through the above analysis,I believe that the positive aspects overwhelm the nega

44、tive ones.Therefore,I would like to 我的看法.From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of 某種事物,we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only in this way,對前景的預(yù)測.對比觀點(diǎn)型1.要求論述兩個(gè)對立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自己的看法。The topic of 主題 is becoming more and more popular recent

45、ly.There is a difference of opinion about it.Some people say A is their favorite.They hold their view for the reason of 支持A的理由一.What is more,理由二.Finally,理由三.While others think that B is a better choice for the following three reasons.Firstly,支持B的理由一.Secondly/Besides,理由二.Thirdly/Finally,理由三.I think 我

46、的觀點(diǎn).The reason is that 理由.2.給出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn),要求考生反對這一觀點(diǎn)。模板一:Some people believe that 觀點(diǎn).For example,they think 舉例說明.And it will bring them 為他們帶來的好處.However,I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,理由一;for another,理由二.From all what I have said,I agree to the thought that 我對文章所討論的主題的看法.模板二:Dear

47、收信人,Im sorry to hear that 不好的事,某件有害健康的事is common in our daily life.In fact,it is 論點(diǎn).Some people say that 他人的觀點(diǎn),because 理由.If 與前面相反的情況,they will/wont 虛擬的結(jié)果.However,I think 本人的觀點(diǎn).We can see that事實(shí)around us.Since they 他人的事情,they have got 結(jié)果.If they 與前面相反的情況,they may 虛擬的結(jié)果.Therefore,we should 結(jié)論.I hope

48、we 希望或祝愿.圖畫型模板一:As can be seen from the picture(s),there is a widespread concern over the issue that作文主題句.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that 觀點(diǎn)一.In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitud

49、e as follows.In the first place,原因一.Furthermore/In the second place,原因二.So it goes without saying that 觀點(diǎn)一.People,however,differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that 觀點(diǎn)二.In their point of view,on the one hand,原因一.On the other hand,原因二.As far as Im concerned,I firmly suppor

50、t the view that 觀點(diǎn)一或觀點(diǎn)二.It is not only because ,but also because .The more ,the more. 模板二:It seems to me that the cartoon/drawing is sending a message about 圖畫內(nèi)容,which reveals 稍作評價(jià).In my view,表明個(gè)人觀點(diǎn).Apparently,將個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)和圖片內(nèi)容相結(jié)合,得出觀點(diǎn).For one thing,從社會(huì)角度論證.For another thing,從個(gè)人角度說明.For example,自己、朋友或他人的,自

51、己知道或聽過的例子.Last but not least,從反面角度談?wù)?As a result,the drawer of the illustration is urging us to 建議或措施.Only in this way can we 展望結(jié)果.In conclusion,再次表明觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度.We should 進(jìn)一步說明個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn).圖表型模板一:As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart),作文題目的議題 has been on

52、rise(goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from% in 年to% in年.From the sharp/marked rise/decline in the chart,it goes without saying that 現(xiàn)象總結(jié). There are at least two good reasons accounting for.On the one hand,.On the other hand, is due to the fact

53、that.In addition,is responsible for .(Maybe there are some other reasons to show .But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.)As far as I am concerned,I hold the point of view that . 模板二:The chart gives us an overall picture of the 圖表主題.The first thing we n

54、otice is that 圖表最大的特點(diǎn).This means that as 進(jìn)一步說明.We can see from the statistics given that 圖表細(xì)節(jié)一.After v.-ing+細(xì)節(jié)一中的第一個(gè)變化,the v.-ed+幅度+時(shí)間+緊跟著的變化.The figures also tell us that 圖表細(xì)節(jié)二.In the column,we can see that accounts for 進(jìn)一步描述.Judging from these figures,we can draw the conclusion that 結(jié)論.The reason

55、for this,as far as I am concerned is that 給出原因.It is high time that we 發(fā)出倡議.A假定你是李華,正在英國接受英語培訓(xùn),住在一戶英國人家里。今天你的房東Mrs Wilson不在家,你準(zhǔn)備外出,請給Mrs Wilson寫一個(gè)留言條,內(nèi)容包括:1.外出購物;2.替房東還書;3.Cathy來信留言:(1)咖啡屋(Bolton Coffee)見面取消;(2)此事已告知Susan;(3)盡快回電。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。參考范文:Dear Mrs Wilson,Im going out shopp

56、ing,and wont be able to be back until about 5:00 pm.I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library.Whats more,at about one oclock this afternoon,Cathy called you up,saying that she couldnt meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to att

57、end to.She felt very sorry about that,but said that you could set some other time for the meeting.Also,she would like you to call her back as soon as you are home.Besides,She has already told Susan about this change.Yours,Li HuaB假如你是紅星中學(xué)高三(1)班的學(xué)生李明,下面四幅圖描述了近期你看到騎公共自行車“綠色出行”的宣傳后所采取的行動(dòng)。請根據(jù)圖片的先后順序,為?？?/p>

58、英語園地”寫一篇短文。參考范文:Being driven by my father to school one day,I noticed many public bicycles parked along the road in my neighborhood.On the wall was a sign reading “Green Travel”.Feeling it my duty to do something,I told my father I would give up his car and rent a bike instead.Back home that day,I s

59、earched the Internet for information about how and where to rent a bike.I found out that there was a rental service nearby,where I could apply for a rental card.The next day I headed toward it after school.To be honest,I was a bit surprised to find many people lining up there for the cards.I joined

60、them and finally got one.The next day I first rode a bike to the subway station and then took the subway to school.Now I feel proud that I am doing something for the protection ofenvironment.C近來某網(wǎng)站對人們外出旅游的頻率和目的進(jìn)行了一次問卷調(diào)查,結(jié)果見下圖。請根據(jù)圖表提供的信息用英語寫一篇短文,介紹此次調(diào)查結(jié)果,并談?wù)勀阕约和獬雎糜蔚哪康摹?.詞數(shù)100左右。2.文章的開頭已經(jīng)給出,但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Re