形容詞、副詞用法課件

1、形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級比較級和最高級河南省商城縣觀廟一中 穆正東一形容詞一形容詞1.掌握下列名詞和形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)化掌握下列名詞和形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)化 sun - sunny friend friendly care - careful wind - windy rain - rainy use - useful cloud- cloudy 2.表語形容詞表語形容詞：afraid 害怕的害怕的 alive 活著的活著的 alone 單獨的單獨的 ashamed 羞愧的羞愧的 asleep 睡著的睡著的 awake 醒著的醒著的 fine 健康的健康的 ill有病的有病的3.以以ly結(jié)尾的形容

2、詞結(jié)尾的形容詞： 1）大部分形容詞加）大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但可構(gòu)成副詞。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍為形容詞。仍為形容詞。2）有些以）有些以-ly 結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。結(jié)尾既為形容詞，也為副詞。 daily，weekly，monthly，early， early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.用法用法例例 句句補充說明補充說明作定作定語語This is an interesting book.I h

3、ave nothing important to tell you.形容詞作定語時形容詞作定語時放在被修飾詞之放在被修飾詞之前，修飾不定代前，修飾不定代詞放在后面詞放在后面作表作表語語The work is difficult.She looks happy today.作表語與系動作表語與系動詞連用詞連用作賓作賓補補Please keep the room clean. I find it very beautiful.4 4、形容詞的用法形容詞的用法 副詞的分類 時間副詞 now,before, lately, tonight 地點副詞 here, there, somewhere 頻率副

4、詞 always, often, usually, seldom 程度副詞 very, rather, quite, enough 方式副詞 quickly, carefully, calmly 方向副詞 forward, backward 疑問副詞 when, where, how, why 連接副詞 when, where, why ,how 副詞的構(gòu)成副詞的構(gòu)成 有許多副詞是對應的形容詞加有許多副詞是對應的形容詞加ly構(gòu)成構(gòu)成,如如: strong - strongly real - really 詞尾是詞尾是y的要把的要把y變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閕再加再加 ly, busy - busily hap

5、py - happily 以以e結(jié)尾的結(jié)尾的,大部分直接加大部分直接加-ly, wide widely late - - lately 有幾個特殊的要去有幾個特殊的要去e后再加后再加-ly或或y, true - truly terrible-terribly 副詞的用法 1.主要用作狀語,修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，還可以修飾介詞短語和句子。 I have already prepared my lesson.(修飾動詞) He has been extremely busy these days.(修飾形容詞) 2.也可以用作表語或定語,作定語時通常后置. The girl there is m

6、y sister.(作定語) Is your brother in ?(作表語) 3.有些副詞(rather、quite等)通?？梢苑涝诿~前用于加強語氣.用用 法法例例 句句作表語作表語My mother is out .作定語作定語The girl there is my friend .作狀語作狀語He runs fast. 作賓補作賓補I found him outside.規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化 1.單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)單詞，一般在詞單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)單詞，一般在詞尾加尾加“er”或或“est”。 clean, tall, small, cheap , short, long, light,

7、 high 2. 以不發(fā)音字母以不發(fā)音字母“e”結(jié)尾的單詞，直接結(jié)尾的單詞，直接在詞尾加在詞尾加 “r”或或“st”。 nice, late, close, fine, large, free, rude3. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，如果詞尾以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，如果詞尾只有一個輔音字母時，應先雙寫這一只有一個輔音字母時，應先雙寫這一輔音字母，再加輔音字母，再加“er”或或“est”。 fat, big, red, thin, hot, fat, sad, wet4. 以輔音字母以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞，應先改結(jié)尾的單詞，應先改“y”為為“i”，在加，在加“er”或或“est”。 happy

8、 , easy, heavy, healthy, busy, lucky, pretty, sunny, funny5. 其他雙音節(jié)單詞和多音節(jié)單詞，都在其前其他雙音節(jié)單詞和多音節(jié)單詞，都在其前面加面加“more”或或“most”。(beautiful, interesting)6. 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化。 記憶口訣記憶口訣： 合二為一共三對，合二為一共三對，“壞壞bad”,“病病ill”,兩多兩多many/much”和和“兩好兩好good/well”， 一分為二只兩個，一是一分為二只兩個，一是“遠遠far”來二是來二是“老老old”， 還有一詞還有一詞little含雙義，只記含雙義，只記“少

9、少”來不記來不記“小小”。Read and compare :younglongfullshortsmalloldfineeasyhungryearlyheavybigredyounger youngestlonger longestfuller fullest shorter shortestsmaller smallestolder oldest finer finesteasier easiesthungrier hungriest earlier earliestheavier heaviestbigger biggest redder reddesthealthymanyfamous

10、illexcitingcarefullywet hotlittlefewhealthier healthiestmore mostmore famous most famousworse worstmore exciting most excitingmore carefully most carefullywetter wettesthotter hottestless leastfewer fewest不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/fur

11、therfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容詞副詞原級用法形容詞副詞原級用法:* 1. as+adj/ adv.的原級的原級+ as (肯肯,否否) , (not)soas (否否)eg. The ruler is as long as that one. He sings as well as Jack. He doesnt sing as(so) well as Jack.2. as much as, as many as 與與一樣多一樣多eg. I have done as much work as he did yesterday

12、. You can take as many books as you can. 1、比較級、比較級+thanShe is fatter than he.He is thinner than she.2 2、比較級比較級+and+and+比較級比較級 越來越越來越 In spring, the days are getting longer and longer. His voice got weaker and weaker in the end.These days more and more people are learning English.I find the price of

13、house is more and more expensive. It becomes colder and colder when winter comes.3 3、表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用、表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Which/Who + + 比較級，比較級，or?” Which is longer, this one or that?Who is taller, Mary or Jane?形容詞和副詞的比較級其它用法形容詞和副詞的比較級其它用法1表示倍數(shù)的三個句型：(1).times as形容詞原級as.This table is 3 times as big as that on

14、e.(2).times the性質(zhì)名詞of.This table is 3 times the size of that one.(3).times形容詞比較級than.This table is 2 times bigger than that one.2同程度級的比較，用as.as，the same as，such.as引導：Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.亨利不如我的書多。3the比較級比較級，the比較級比較級The more you talked，the less attention he paid to you.你說得越

15、多，他越不注意你。你說得越多，他越不注意你。4the比較級比較級of the two名詞：名詞：The taller of the two boys is my brother. 這兩個男孩中較高的是我弟弟。這兩個男孩中較高的是我弟弟。5一個人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用一個人的兩種品質(zhì)的比較，用more.than結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：I think shes more shy than unfriendly.與其說她不友好，不如說她害羞。與其說她不友好，不如說她害羞。6否定比較級最高級否定比較級最高級 There is no greater love than that of a man who lays d

16、own his life for his friends.為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛是最偉大的愛。為朋友而放棄生命的人的愛是最偉大的愛。7比較的對象不能相互包容，注意：比較的對象不能相互包容，注意：比較級比較級+than+The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.密西西比河是美國最長的河。密西西比河是美國最長的河。8比較級的修飾語常見的有：比較級的修飾語常見的有：much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑問句用于否定句或疑問句)，a lot，a little，a grea

17、t deal，by far，a bit，three times等。等。The students study even harder than before.學生們比以前學習更努力了。學生們比以前學習更努力了。any other+單數(shù)the other+復數(shù)/the others8比較的對象應該相同。The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.中國的人口比世界上任何其他國家的都多。China has a larger population than any other country

18、in the world.9.no比較級than的特殊含義A is no more careful than BA和B兩人都不仔細。A is no less careful than BA和B兩人都很仔細。 1 1、the 最高級最高級+ +of (in)Hong JinbaoZheng ZeshiNuttyZheng is fatter than Hong.Nutty is the fattest of the three.Noodles are more delicious than dumplings.The cake is the most delicious of all.2 2、副

19、詞的最高級前、副詞的最高級前（the) 可以省略可以省略Tom runs fast.Jill runs faster.Bob runs fastest.Tom comes to school late.Jill comes to school later.Bob comes to school latest.Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 3 3、表示、表示“最最之一之一”和和“第第個最個最”時時one of +最高

20、級最高級+名詞復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)the first/second/third+最高級最高級+名詞單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。4 4、用、用oror連接兩項需作比較的內(nèi)容時，須用比連接兩項需作比較的內(nèi)容時，須用比較級；若較級；若oror連接三項或三項以上的內(nèi)容時，則須連接三項或三項以上的內(nèi)容時，則須用最高級。用最高級。Who is taller, Mary or Jane?Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?5、 Alices diet was less healthy than Dannys diet. (不不如如) (more than 勝于勝于)T

21、his T-shirt is the same size as that one.The red shirt is five yuan cheaper than that blue one.Which is the least interesting film youve ever seen? This park is three times as big as the Summer Palace. (倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+asas)This book cost twice as much as that one. 6 6、掌握幾種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換、掌握幾種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換He is taller than any

22、other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class.= He is the tallest (student)in his class.小結(jié) 3.掌握形容詞、副詞表示比較的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)。掌握形容詞、副詞表示比較的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)。 表示兩者表示兩者“相等相等”用，用，as+形容詞形容詞/副詞原級副詞原級+比較對象；比較對象；表示表示“不如不如”沒有沒有“不相等不相等”，用，用“not+as/so+形容形容詞、副詞原級詞、副詞原級+as+比較對象比較對象”； 用形容詞、副詞的比較級用形容詞、副詞的比較

23、級+than從句表示兩者比較；從句表示兩者比較； 比較級前可用比較級前可用much,a little,a lot, far， still,no,even,any 等表示程度；等表示程度； and連接同一個比較級，表示越來越連接同一個比較級，表示越來越； the+比較級比較級.the+另一個比較級表示越另一個比較級表示越越越； 形容詞、副詞前如有：形容詞、副詞前如有：very,too,quite,rather等修飾，等修飾，一般用原級；一般用原級； 三者、三者以上的比較，一般用最高級；常用介詞三者、三者以上的比較，一般用最高級；常用介詞in，of短語表示比較的范圍；短語表示比較的范圍； 表示表示

24、“最最之一之一”，用，用one of +最高級最高級+復數(shù)名詞；復數(shù)名詞； 最高級前一般要加最高級前一般要加“the”；副詞最高級前可加；副詞最高級前可加“the”也也可不加可不加“the”；當最高級前有物主代詞時，則不加；當最高級前有物主代詞時，則不加“the”。1. I think English is as as maths. D. importanterA. important B.more important C. most important Mother gets up in my family.B. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the ear

25、lier3. The next morning Jenny got up even .C. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest4. Emily sings of the five girls.D. good B. well C. better D. best5. In fact, Delia is a little than her elder sister.E. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest6. Heidi does not jump so as Jane.A. high B. high

26、er C. highest D. the highest7. Of all the stars the sun is to us.A. close B. closer C. closest D. the closest8. Barbara felt much than before after dark.B. cold B. colder C. coldest D. the coldest9. This jacket is smaller than that one but its .C. expensive B. more expensive C. most expensive D. the

27、 most expensive10. Our country has become in the past 20 years.D. more and more rich and strong E. more richer and more stronger C. more rich and more strongD. richer and stronger11. William Shakespeare is one of play writers in England.A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest12. -What do you

28、 think of Miss Lis teaching? -Oh, no one else teaches .B. good B. well C. fine D. better13. The population of Japan is than that of China.A. fewer B. smaller C. larger D. more14. The next day Jim was very wet again, and his mother became angrier. C. very B. more C. even D. ever15. Tom is more carefu

29、l than any in his class. A. boy B. other boys C. boys D. other boy 16. play writers in England.A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest12. -What do you think of Miss Lis teaching? -Oh, no one else teaches .B. good B. well C. fine D. better13. The population of Japan is than that of China.A. f

30、ewer B. smaller C. larger D. more14. The next day Jim was very wet again, and his mother became angrier. C. very B. more C. even D. ever15. Tom is more careful than any in his class. A. boy B. other boys C. boys D. other boy Do some exercises同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1. He is the tallest student in his class. He is

31、 _ _ _ _ student in his class. He is _ _ _ _ students in his class.2. Peter draws well, Lilei draws better. Lilei draws _ of the two.3. The tractor goes faster than the bike. The bike goes _ _ than the tractor.4. His cakes dearer than the twins cakes. His cake is _ _ of the three.taller than any oth

32、er taller than the otherbettermore slowlythe dearest選擇填空選擇填空1. Which does Jimmy like ,Chinese or Art? A. well B. best C. better D. much2. The Chang jiang River is one of in the world.A. the longest river B. longest rivers C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers3. of the two women is Mrs Brown. A. The

33、 beautiful B. The more beautiful C.More beautiful D. The most beautiful4. My mooncake is nicer his. A. like B. with C. for D. than 5. You are fatter than . A. he B. his C. him D. he is tall6. He jumps of the three. A. far B. further C. farthest D. furthest7. My hair is longer than . A. my sister B. Kate C. my brothers D. LucysCCBDACC8. There is paper here .Please bring some. A. little B. less C. fewer D. a little9. The pen is than that one. A. mor