八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)Unit7Internationalcharities詞匯與語法基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練(新

1、Unit 7 Internationalcharitiesespecially adv.特另U,尤其basic adj.基礎(chǔ)的，基本的educati on n.教育equal adj.平等的right n.權(quán)利spread n.擴(kuò)散；分布；展開in terviewer n.采訪者mostly adv.主要地，大部份地case n.病例；案例cure vt.治愈medical adj.醫(yī)學(xué)的，醫(yī)療的treatme nt n.治療patie nt n.病人afford vt.買得起；能做operate vi.做手術(shù)proud adj.自豪的，驕傲的medici ne n.醫(yī)學(xué)；藥22reader

2、n.、+-4V.讀者develop vi. &vt.發(fā)展；加強(qiáng)treat vt.治療；處理leaflet n.傳單；散頁印刷品hold vt.舉行set vt.& vi.創(chuàng)建，建立in cludi ng prep.包括，包含war n.戰(zhàn)爭orga nize (=orga ni se)vt.組織pale adj.蒼白的matter n.事情，問題check n.檢杳secretary n.秘書In dia n.印度officer n.官員bli nd adj.失明的medici ne n.醫(yī)學(xué)；藥44、重點(diǎn)詞匯1. especially adverb /?pe? ?l.i/ve

3、ry much; more tha n usual or more tha n other people or things特別，尤其，格外；專門，特地例句：Shes n ot especially in terested in sport.她對(duì)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)不是特別感興趣。2. cure verb /kj ?r/1) . to make some one with an ill ness healthy aga in治愈，治好例句：The medici ne wont cure her - it merely stops the pain.這種藥并不能治好她的病-只能止疼。2) . to solv

4、e a problem解決(問題)例句：The preside nt and his advisors meet this week to discuss how toin flati on.cure財(cái)政部長們本周將舉行會(huì)晤討論如何解決通貨膨脹問題。1661) . to be able to buy or do someth ing because you have eno ugh money or time買得起；(有時(shí)間)做，能做例句：I dont know how he can afford a new car on his salary.我不知道他靠工資怎么能買得起新車。2) . fo

5、rmal to allow some one to have someth ing pleasa nt or n ecessary提供；給予例句：Her seat afforded her an unin terrupted view of the stage.她的座位很好，可以一覽無余地看到整個(gè)舞臺(tái)?！就卣埂縞an afford例句：We could nt afford to pay the lawyers fee.我們負(fù)擔(dān)不起律師費(fèi)。4. proud adjective /pra ?d/1). feeling pleasure and satisfaction because you or

6、 people connected withyou have done or got someth ing good自豪的，得意的例句：3. afford verb /? ?d/2) . havi ng or show ing respect for yourself有自尊心的，自尊的，自重的例句：He might be poor but hes also proud, and he wont be pushed around by anyone.他可能很窮，可是他也有自尊心，他不會(huì)受任何人擺布的。3) . feeli ng that you are better and more impor

7、ta nt tha n other people驕傲的，傲慢的，自負(fù)的例句：She knows shes lost, but shes too proud to admit it.她知道自己失敗了，可是她太自負(fù)了，不肯承認(rèn)。5. mostly adverb /?r?st.li/main ly通常；大多數(shù)例句：In the smaller tow ns, its mostly (= usually) very quiet at ni ghts.在小村莊里，晚上通常很安靜。You must be very proud of your son.你一定為你的兒子感到非常自豪。168The band a

8、re mostly (= most of them are) tee nagers.我想這支樂隊(duì)的成員大多數(shù)是十幾歲的青少年。三、必背短語四、經(jīng)典句型1. Eddie, more money is n eeded for charity.艾迪，做慈善還需要更多的錢。2. However, many people dont have money for medical treatme nt.然而，很多人沒有錢接受醫(yī)療。3. Many of our patients cant afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.很多我們的病人無法承

9、擔(dān)醫(yī)療費(fèi)，所以我們要幫助他們。4. On the pla ne, volun teer doctors do operati ons.義務(wù)工作的醫(yī)生在飛機(jī)上做手術(shù)。5. Whats the matter?發(fā)生什么事情了？6. Take this medici ne after meals three times a day.飯后服用這種藥，每天三次。心足三點(diǎn)剖析一、考點(diǎn)被動(dòng)語態(tài)on board在飛機(jī)（船、火車）上hand out分發(fā)；提出carry on繼續(xù)開展，繼續(xù)下去set up建起，設(shè)立make up on es mind決定go to hospital去看病16101概念：表示動(dòng)作與主

10、語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系的句子是被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)(passive voice)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語的語態(tài)共有兩種：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。 被動(dòng)語態(tài)常用于陳述事實(shí)，一般用在科技文章或新聞報(bào)道中。2.主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，主動(dòng)語態(tài)句中的賓語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)句中的主語，主動(dòng)語態(tài)句中的主語成為被動(dòng)語態(tài)句中的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。3.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。助動(dòng)詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。4.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)及各種句式：1) .謂語結(jié)構(gòu)：is/ am/ ar

11、e+.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞2) .各種句式：肯定式：The classroom is clea ned every day.教室每天被打掃。否定式：The classroom isnt clea ned every day.教室不是每天被打掃。一般疑問句：Is the classroom clea ned every day?教室是每天被打掃嗎？特殊疑問句：What is clea ned every day?什么每天被打掃?5.一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)及各種句式：1).謂語結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were +.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞2).各種句式：肯定式：The ruler was found un

12、der the desk.否定式：The ruler was nt found un der the desk.的。般疑問句：Was the ruler found un der the desk?嗎？特殊疑問句：Where was the ruler found?尺子是在書桌下被找到的。尺子不尺子是尺子是在哪兒找到的?6.使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)需要注意的幾個(gè)特殊問題。1).帶介詞的不及物動(dòng)詞在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，介詞不能漏掉。2) .當(dāng)動(dòng)詞由不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，應(yīng)加上動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)“to”。3) .當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，將其中的一個(gè)賓語作主語，另一個(gè)不動(dòng)；如果是將指物的作

13、主語，則在另一個(gè)指人的賓語前應(yīng)加上介詞“to”或“for，具體用哪一個(gè)根據(jù)動(dòng)詞來確定。、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1. be used as; be used for; be used by1) . be used as意為“被用作；被當(dāng)作. 使用”。例句：Last Sun day our classroom was used as a meeti ng room.上個(gè)星期天我們的教室被用作了會(huì)議室。2) . be used for意為“被用來做.”。介詞for后常接名詞或v.-ing例句：A knife is used for cutti ng thi ngs.刀子被用來切東西。3) . be used by意

14、為“被.使用”。例句：En glish is used by travellers and bus in essme n.英語被旅行者和商人使用。16122. build; put up; set up抽象事物。例句：We are buildi ng a bridge now.現(xiàn)在我們正在建一座橋。2) . put up意為“搭建”，強(qiáng)調(diào)蓋一些臨時(shí)性的房屋，在現(xiàn)代英語中與build可以互用。例句：Several hotels will be put up in the city.這座城市要建幾家旅館。3) . set up意為“成立；建立”，強(qiáng)調(diào)機(jī)構(gòu)及相應(yīng)設(shè)施的建立，不強(qiáng)調(diào)施工建筑，尤其指商店

15、、醫(yī)院、學(xué)校、紀(jì)念碑等。例句：Many schools have bee n set up in the city.這座城市已建了許多學(xué)校。題模一：Un it 7詞匯應(yīng)用例1.1.1tThe Apple Watch is very beautiful, but it it.s too expensive. So I canA.saveB.supportC.offerD.afford例1.1.2根據(jù)漢語完成句子。16131) .我們可以幫老師分發(fā)試卷。We can help the teacher_the exam paper.2) .他們已經(jīng)決定為這位有眼疾的病人做手術(shù)了。They_ to o

16、perate on the patie ntwith eye problems.題模二：語法-被動(dòng)語態(tài)例1.2.1As China grows stro nger and stron ger,Chin esein more and moreschools out of our coun try.A. teachesB.is taughtC.has taughtD.was taught例1.2.2將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。1). Millie pai nted this picture.2). He sells Coke in a small shop.3). People grow rice i

17、n China.心建隨堂練習(xí)隨練1.1- En glish is widely spoken in the world, is nt it?-Yes. Its spoke n_millio ns of people all over the world.A.forB.asC.withD.by隨練1.2 Helpi ng others makes us very_A.Ion elyD. harmful隨練1.3 This kind of computer is made_Shen zhe n.隨練1.4根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1.我太累了，不能走更遠(yuǎn)了。我們休息會(huì)兒吧。B.proudC.lA.byB.

18、withC. inD.of作業(yè)2-Do you know anything about the players of our school football team?-Yes. They are_ young boys betwee n the age of thirtee n and fiftee n.A. mostB.mostlyC.almostD.at most作業(yè)3 -What should we do for the disabled children?I am_ . Lets have a rest.2.中國西部很多地方需要老師。Teachers_ in many places

19、in Western Chi na.3.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)的閱讀、寫作以及交流技能很重要。Its important to develop students _ of reading,and com muni cati ng.4.每年政府都會(huì)花很多錢來防止這些疾病蔓延。Every year, the gover nment spe nds lots of money_5.春蕾計(jì)劃致力于確保每個(gè)女孩都享有受教育的權(quán)利。The Spring Buds Project works to make sure every girl_to receive educati on.writing隨練1.5-all

20、the wi ndows?-Yes. I did it just now.A.Do; closeB.Did; closeC.Were; closedD.Are; clos ing隨練1.6 The match_because of the bad weather. What a pity!A.will cancelB.has can celledC.was can celledD.is can cell ing厶上_自我總結(jié)心課后作業(yè)作業(yè)1 -Why dont you buy the bike, Mary?-Its too expe nsive. I cant_ it.A.sellB. len

21、dC. keepD.afford例1.1.11215-You shoulda study group to help them.A.take upB.set upC.look upD.put up作業(yè)4按要求改寫句子。1. Japa nese cameras are sold in this shop.（改寫成否定句）Japa nese cameras_ in this shop.2.1 was told to take my own food.（改寫成一般疑問句）_ to take your own food?3. Many animals fur is used for making cl

22、othes. （_對(duì)畫線部分提問）_ani mals fur_ ?4. The pig called Strong Pig was trapped under the bricks for 36 days. （ _分提問）_the pig called Strong Pig _under5. Princess Laura was caught by an evil witch.（改為主動(dòng)語態(tài)）An evil witch_ Prin cess Laura.6. People play basketball all over the world.（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Basketball_all ove

23、r the world by people.7. He told us a funny story yesterday.（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）A funny story_us by him yesterday.對(duì)畫線部the bricks?作業(yè)5 -Your bedroom is so clean.-Of course. It_ every day.A.clea nsC.is clea nedB.clea nedD.was clea ned作業(yè)6 -You dont look well.with you?-1 have a fever and cant stop cough ing.A.Whats

24、happe ningB.What is itC.Whats onD.whats the matter答案解析心思題模精選題模一：Un it 7詞匯應(yīng)用例1.1.11216【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析，save節(jié)約；support支持；offer提供都不符合句意。買得起，符合題意，故選D。例1.1.2【答案】1). ha nd out2). have made up their mind【解析】考查本課詞匯的應(yīng)用，需注意聯(lián)系語境、時(shí)態(tài)、人稱的數(shù)及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。題模二：語法-被動(dòng)語態(tài)例1.2.1【答案】B【解析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)，句意：隨著中國變得越來越強(qiáng)大，國外越來越多的學(xué)校教漢語。主語Chine

25、se與謂語teach之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，因句子的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。故選B。例1.2.2【答案】1). This picture was painted by Millie.2) . Coke is sold by him in a small shop.3) . Rice is grow n in Chi na by people.【解析】考查本課語法的應(yīng)用，需注意聯(lián)系語境、時(shí)態(tài)、人稱的數(shù)及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。厶壬一隨堂練習(xí)隨練1.1【答案】D【解析】 考查介詞，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者前面應(yīng)用介詞affordby。故選Do1618隨練1.2【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析，句意：幫助別人使我們非常自豪。表示“自豪的”應(yīng)用proud。故選Bo隨練1.3【答案】C【解析】考查介詞，Shenzhen是一個(gè)地名，不是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，所以不可用by,而應(yīng)該用in,be made in表示“在.制造”。故選G隨練1.4【答案】1. too tired to walk any further/ farther2. are n eeded3. basic skills4. preve nti