小學(xué)五年級(jí)英語語法詳解及練習(xí)全

1、-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一、 can, (could 過去式1) 表示能力體力、知識(shí)、技能。Can you lift this heavy bo*?體力Mary can speak three languages.知識(shí)Can you skate?技能Can只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式；2) 表示請(qǐng)求和允許。-Can I go now? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 3) 表示客觀可能性客觀原因形成的能力。Theyve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people

2、 at least. 4) 表示推測(cè)驚訝、疑心、不相信的態(tài)度，用于疑問句、否認(rèn)句和感慨句中。Can this be true? This cant be done by him. How can this be true? 二should,1) should,表示 應(yīng)該 勸告、建議和命令。1. I should help her because she is in trouble. 1. You should go to class right away. 2. Should I open the window? 3) 表示推測(cè)Should客觀推測(cè) , must(主觀推測(cè))。1.He must

3、 be home by now. (斷定他已到家) 2.He should be home by now.(不太肯定) (一) 用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空。1. Must I stand up? No, you _.2. _ I speak something? Yes, you _.3. _ I leave the park now? No, you _ stay here.4.    My grandmother is ill. I _stay at home and look after her.5.   _ you lik

4、e some juice?6. They _ take more e*ercise.7. _ you tell me the way to the museum?8. The watch _ tell us the right time.9. _ you like to go boating with us?10. _ we play chess ne*t weekend?(2) 按要求改寫句子。1.   She can walkquickly.I _ _quickly . (否認(rèn)句)2.    You have to fi

5、nish the work now.一般疑問句_ I the work now? No, you _.3.    They can paint the wall well. 一般疑問句_ they _ the wall well?4.   Tom must carry the bo* into the room. 否認(rèn)句Tom _ _ carry the bo* into the room. 5.   She should reach the station early.   (否認(rèn)句

6、) She _ _ reach the station early.(三) 單項(xiàng)選擇。1.  you like some bread ? A .  Would B.  Could C .  Can2. We throw the waste in the zoo.A.  cant B.  don't C.  mustnt( ) 3.We should more flowers, and we shouldnt cut any flowers.A.&#

7、160; plant B.  planting C.  plants( ) 4.May I have some water? A.Yes,you have. B. Yes,you can. C.  Yes,certainly.( ) 5.Shall we work on the farm ? A.Yes,we do. B.Yes, we shall. B.All right. ( ) 6.Would you have something to announce? A.Yes,we would. B.Yes, Id

8、like . C.Yes, of course.( ) 7.Can I help you? A.Yes,you can. B.No,I can do it. C.Yes.Id like some oranges.人稱代詞和物主代詞 要點(diǎn)歸納：人稱代詞I like you. 我喜歡你。You like me. 你喜歡我。He likes her. 他喜歡她。She likes him. 她喜歡他。We like you. 我們喜歡你們。You like us. 你們喜歡我們。They like us.他們喜歡我們。We like them. 我們喜歡它們。上面這些簡(jiǎn)單的句子里，like前面的人稱

9、代詞都是主格，你可以把like換成別的動(dòng)詞，比方play with和玩、look at 看著等等，讀著玩玩兒，你認(rèn)為哪個(gè)動(dòng)詞好玩就換成哪個(gè)。形容詞性物主代詞有：my我的、your你的、his他的、her她的、its它的、our我們的、your你們的、their他們的。之所以叫它們形容詞是因?yàn)樗麄儽仨毞旁诿~前面。物主則表示它們是物的主人。如：我們的教師our teacher、我的汽車my car、你的褲子your trousers、他的風(fēng)箏his kite、她的椅子her chair、它的腿its legs、你們的學(xué)校your school、她們的聚會(huì)their party。名詞性物主代詞有m

10、ine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs 依次表示我的、你的、他的、她的、它的、我們的、你們的、他她、它們的。注意除了mine每個(gè)單詞后面都有一個(gè)“s。因?yàn)樗麄儽旧硎敲~性，所以后面不能再跟名詞，否則就犯了重復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤。比方我們可以說my book,但不能說mine book；her dress而不是hers dress。This is my book. The book is mine. 這是我的書。這書是我的。That is your desk. Thats yours. 那是你的課桌。那是你的。This is his cup. Its

11、his. 這是他的杯子。是他的。That is her skirt. The skirt is hers. 那是她的短裙。那短裙是她的。Thats its banana. The banana is its. 那是它的香蕉。那香蕉是它的。This is our classroom. Its ours. 這是我們的教室。是我們的。This is their basketball. Its theirs. 這是他們的籃球。是他們的。 -主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞-一單 I我 me我 my我的 mine我的-一復(fù) we我們 us 我們 our我們的 ours我們的-二單 you你 you

12、 你 your你的 yours你的-二復(fù) you你們 you你們 your你們的 yours你們的-三單 he他 him他 his他的 his他的- she她 her她 her她的 hers她的- it它 it它 its它的 its它的-三復(fù) they 他們 them 他們 their他們的 theirs他們的 -一主格 ( I you he she it we you they )1. 在句子中可以作主語，放于句首，后接動(dòng)詞。 (1) _ am a student. (2) _ es from China , but _ es from American. (3) _ is my aunt.

13、 二賓格 ( me you him her it us you them ) 1.在句子中可以作賓語，用于句尾，動(dòng)詞之后。 (1) The boy in the photo is _. (2) Let _ to play football. (3) We often go to visit _.2. 在句子中可以作賓語，用于句尾，介詞之后。 (1) The pen of _ is the same with _. (2) e with _.(3) The teacher wants you to return that book of _.3.人稱代詞作表語時(shí),一般用賓格,特別是在日常會(huì)話中。

14、“Who is knocking at the door? “It's _. -“誰在敲門? -“是我。三形容詞性物主代詞 ( my your his her it our your their )1. 形容詞性物主代詞一般位于名詞前，用作定語，限定該名詞的意義。(1) _ book is over there. (2) I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday. (3) Tell Tom not to forget _ book.四名詞性物主代詞 ( mine yours his hers its ours yourrs theirs) 1. 名詞性物主代詞在

15、句中獨(dú)立使用，即不后接名詞，其句法作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞,即“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。 (1) My bag is bigger than _. =My bag is bigger than _ _. (2) _ is a great country. 我們的國(guó)家是一個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家。用作主語，一般用于正式文體 (3) I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use _? 我忘了帶詞典，我可以用一下你的嗎.用作動(dòng)詞的賓語 (4) He wasnt in my room. He might be in _. 他剛剛不在我的房間。他可能在自己的房間。用作介詞的賓語

16、 (5) Whose book is this? Its _. 這是誰的書.是她的。用作表語 (6) Jack is a friend of _. 杰克是我的一個(gè)朋友。用于雙重所有格 2.名詞性物主代詞用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)隨所指者的數(shù)而定。 (1)Is this pencil _ or _? Its _. Hers is in her bag. (Hers = Her pencil) -這支鉛筆是你的還是她的.是我的。她的鉛筆在她包里。 3用于of后面。He visited a friend of _ yesterday.綜合練習(xí)：一、用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞填空1. 2. China is a

17、 developing country. _ lies in the east of Asia.2. Professor Wang sets _ a good e*ample. We must learn from _.3. 4. What day is _ today?   _ is Thursday.4. How far is the thunder ?  _ is three kilometers away.5. I own a blue bike. The red one doesnt belong to _.6. These new houses are

18、 so nice. _ are very e*pensive.7. _ say that those old houses will be rebuilt.8. Is _ the milkman at the door?  Yes, thats _.9. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didnt _?10. Ling Ling is a girl. _ studies in a primary school. Her brother lives with 11. _ and helps _ to prepare the lessons.12.

19、 The ship is lying at anchor (停泊) . _ es from Shanghai.13. This photo of your mother is very much like her. I like _.14. Mike is my classmate. _ is good at physics .15. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to _ ?16. What's the weather like today ? _ is cloudy.二、用形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞填空1. I at

20、e all _ sandwiches yesterday. Can I have one of _ ?2. George has lost _ pen. Ask Mary if是否she will lend him _ .3. Jack has a dog and so have I. _ dog and _ had a fight (打架).4. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of _ are ing to see us.5. Mary wants to know if是否 you've seen a pair of gloves of _ .6.

21、We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _ .三、用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞和物主代詞填空A. 從括號(hào)選擇正確的代詞填空1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they，them，their，theirs) away.2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_ English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like _(she，her，hers).3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_ can't get my kite. Could

22、you help _(I，me，my，mine)?4. Tom can't get down from the tree.Can you help _(he，him，his)?5. Her kite is broken. Can _(you，your，yours) mend it?6. We can't find our bikes. Can you help _(we，us，our，ours)?7. These are _(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _(I，me，mine).B. 填入正確的人稱代詞和物主代詞1. This

23、isn't her knife. _ is green.2. These are your books，Kate. Put _ in the desk，please.3. You must look after _ things.4. Wei Fang，is that _ ruler? Yes，it's.5. They want a football. Give _ the green one，please.6. It's Lin Tao's bag. Give _ to _.7. Is this pencil-bo* Li Lei's? No，_ is

24、 very new.8. This bo* is too heavy. I can't carry _. Don't worry，Let _ help _.9. _ is a boy _ name is Mike. Mike's friends like _ very much. 10. My sister is in _ room. _ is a teacher.11. Jane is a little girl. _ mother is a nurse.12. We are in _ classroom. _ classroom is big.13. My fath

25、er and mother are teachers. _ are busy14. You are a pupil. Is _ brother a pupil, too?四、用括號(hào)中的適當(dāng)形式填空A)1Are these _youpencils?Yes, they are _our.2Whose is this pencil?Its _I.3I love _theyvery much.4She is_Iclassmate.5Miss Li often looks after_shebrother.6Are these _theybags .No, they arent _their. They

26、 are _we.B)1. This bike is my sisters. It belongs to _ (她的)。2. This isnt my book. _(我的) is in the bag. 3. They quarrelled among _他們. 4. You and I understand _(彼此) perfectly. 5. If there are _(一些 new magazines in the library, take some for me.五、根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞、物主代詞填空：1. Mary works in a book store._ like

27、s_ work very much.2. John and I are in the same school._ go to school together.3. Everybody likes that sport, do_?4. She is a friend of_. We got to know each other two years ago.5. Her sister makes all_ own dresses.6. I have many friends. Some of_ are good at English.7. May I use_ bike?_ is broken.8

28、. Everybody is here e*cept Ann and _ friend Jane. _ are in the library now.六、選擇填空1. Whos singing over there ?   _ is Sandys sister.A.That B.It C.She D. This2. _ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii. A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you3. Between you a

29、nd _, he is not a real friend. A. me B. I C. he D. his4. My uncle bought a new bike for _. A. theirs B. they C. me D. I5. Mr Smith often praises _ for his progress in studies. A. he B. him C. I D. me6.- Heres a postcard for you, Jim!  Oh, _ is from my friend, Mary. A. he B. itC. she D. its7. Do

30、nt shake the young tree. _ leaves are falling off. You should look after _. A. It, its B. Its, it C. Its, it D. It, it8. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to _. A. he B. his C. her D. him9. Will anyone go on a trip with him ?  Not _. A. I B. me C. mine D. h

31、e10. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by _. A. he B. his C. him D. hes特殊疑問句-對(duì)劃線局部提問特殊疑問詞意思用法 What 什么 對(duì)物體、東西、動(dòng)作、提問 When 什么時(shí)候 對(duì)大概籠統(tǒng)時(shí)間提問 What time 幾點(diǎn) 對(duì)具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)提問 Where 哪里 對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問 Who 誰 對(duì)人提問 Whose 誰的 對(duì)事物主人提問 How 怎樣 對(duì)情況以及方式提問 How many 多少 對(duì)數(shù)量提問提問可數(shù)的How much 多少 對(duì)數(shù)量或錢提問不可數(shù)的 What color 什么顏色 對(duì)顏

32、色提問 What day 星期幾 對(duì)星期幾提問 How old 多大了 對(duì)年齡提問Whats the date 什么日期 對(duì)日期的提問對(duì)劃線局部提問的步驟：1.根據(jù)劃線局部的容選擇適宜的特殊疑問詞，劃線局部刪去。2.將特殊疑問詞放在句首，將原句中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到特殊疑問詞后，第一人稱改第二人稱，大寫改小寫，句號(hào)改疑問號(hào),其他照抄。 She is a doctor.Who is she?3.如果原句中既沒有be動(dòng)詞也沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則借助于助動(dòng)詞do或does，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)借助助動(dòng)詞does，大寫改小寫，句號(hào)變問號(hào)，第一人稱改第二人稱。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，原句中的動(dòng)詞三單要復(fù)

33、原。注意：當(dāng)劃線局部為一個(gè)動(dòng)作時(shí)，則確定用特殊疑問詞what，劃線局部容不能直接去刪掉，而是用相應(yīng)的do或doing代替，當(dāng)劃線局部為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)，用do代替，當(dāng)劃線局部為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)時(shí)，則用doing代替。特殊疑問句練習(xí)：一、選擇正確的單詞填空(who, where, when)1._ is that pretty girl? She is my sister.2._ are Jack and Tom? They are behind you.3._ do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday.4._ has a beau

34、tiful flower? John has a beautiful flower.5._ are they? They are my parents.6._ is my mother? She is in the living room.7._ are you going? We are going to the bakery(面包坊).8._ do Jim and Wendy play ball? They play ball in the afternoon.9._ does he jog? He jogs in the park.10._ are you from? I'm f

35、rom Changchun city.二、就畫線局部提問1.He is my father.2.They are under the tree.3.I often watch TV after dinner.(晚飯后)(提示：飯后強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間問題。)4.Lily swims in the swimming pool.(游泳池)5.Superman flies in the sky.6.I often brush my teeth in the evening.7.Alan likes to play with Bill.8.Joe's father plays badminton(羽毛

36、球) every weekend.9.The supermarket is near the school.10.The laptop(筆記本電腦) is on the table.11.Jennifer has a pair of earrings(耳環(huán)).12.The flowers are in the flower pot(花盆).13.My grandpa took us to the zoo.14.I put the gold fish(金魚) into the fish tank(魚缸).15.The monkey sleeps at night.三用what time

37、, what color, what day, what填空。1. A: _ _ is it? B: It is nine oclock.2. A: _ _ does your mother get up? B: My mother gets up at 6:30.3. A: _ _ do you go to bed? B: I go to bed at 10:00.4. A: _ _ do Diana and Fiona have supper? B: Diana and Fiona have supper at 18:00.5. A: _ _is it? B: It is purple.6

38、. A: _ _ is the sky? B: The sky is blue.7. A: _ _ is your coat? B: My coat is black.8. A: _ _ is the dog? B: The dog is white.9. A: _ _ is today? B: Today is Monday.10. A: _ _ is tomorrow? B: Tomorrow is Tuesday.11. A: _ _ was yesterday(昨天)? B: Yesterday was Sunday.12. A: _ _ do you like? B: I like

39、red.13. A: _ is this? This is a puter(電腦).14. A: _ are you doing? B: We are playing basketball.15. A: _ does your mother do? B: My mother is a policewoman.16. A: _ are those? B: Those are peppers(辣椒).17. A: _ is in the bo*? B: A lovely doll is in the bo*.18. A: _ is on the table? B: The apple is on

40、the table.19. A: _ is in the classroom? The blackboard is in the classroom.20. A: _ _ _? B: Mary is hungry.21. A: _ _ _ _ _? B: My favorite color is pink.22. A: _ _ _ _? B: Nick is playing table tennis.四連線：Match1. Whats on the chair? There is a book in the bag.2. How is your father? These are apples

41、.3. What are these? I go to school by bus.4. What is in the bag? The radio is on the chair.5. How do you go to school? My father is fine.6. How much is it? I wash my face in the morning.7. What time is it?I have two hands.8. When do you wash your face? It is four oclock.9. How many hands do you have

42、? It is 5 RMB(人民幣).10.When do you have lunch? I have lunch at noon.句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí):一、按要求完成句子要求：A：改為一般疑問句 B：改為否認(rèn)句1. I am a student. A:B:2. They are English cars. A:B:3. This is a pencil-bo*. A:B:4. Its name is Polly. A: B:5. These are my English books. A:B:6. I know his name. A: B:7. Please look after your ca

43、t. A: B:8. There is some money in the purse. A: B:9. There are many apples on the tree. A: B:10. You can go to have a look. A: B:11. e here, please. AB:二、答復(fù)句子A：肯定答復(fù) B：否認(rèn)答復(fù)1. Are you a teacher? A: B:2. Is this your ruler? A: B:3. Are those banana trees? A: B:4. Is there a picture on the wall? A:B:5.

44、Are there any trees on the hill? A: B:6. Can you see a bird in the sky? A: B:7. Do you know Mr Wang? A: B:三、單復(fù)數(shù)句變換(把單數(shù)的句子變成復(fù)數(shù)， 復(fù)數(shù)的變成單數(shù))：1. Is this your bo*? :2. There is a boy in the picture. 3. That is his new book. 4. It is a Chinese car. 5. She is a woman worker. 6. We have many old pictures. 7.

45、Are those English books? 8.They are Japanese students. 9. Who are those men over there? 10. They are some policemen. 四、將以下句子改為選擇疑問句：1. Tom is in Class Three.用Class Two_ Tom in Class Three _ Class Two?2. Sam is eleven. 用twelve_ Sam eleven _ twelve?3.Is she in Team Two? Is she in Team Three? 合并4.The girl is Lucy.用Lily_ the girl Lucy _ Lily?5. Your English teacher is a man.(用a woman)_your English teacher a man _ a wo