一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-一般過(guò)去時(shí)講解及練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)講解和練習(xí)題2015.7.15一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、定義：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力。例：（1）.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。 （2）.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。 （3）.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 Mr Zhong is very handsome and humorous.二、用法：1肯定句： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)

2、詞，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)（she ,he ,it ）、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞的，動(dòng)詞要按規(guī)則加上s或es。主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的肯定句，動(dòng)詞用原形。例：She（He,It ）likes fish. 她（他，它）喜歡魚(yú)。（主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)） The table has four legs.桌子有四條腿。(主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.水在100度沸騰。（主語(yǔ)為不可數(shù)名詞） They go to school every day .他們每天都去上學(xué)。（主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的，動(dòng)詞用原形）2疑問(wèn)句：(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中有be動(dòng)詞(am

3、, is , are )或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(may , can , must , should)時(shí)，一般疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在句首。由肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句的步驟：a. 把be 動(dòng)詞（am , is , are ）或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(may , can , must , should)提前。b.大寫和小寫的轉(zhuǎn)換，句首的第一個(gè)字母要大寫。c.句末要加問(wèn)號(hào)。例：肯定句：She is a student . 疑問(wèn)句：Is she a student ? 肯定句: He can swim. 疑問(wèn)句：Can he swim? . 疑問(wèn)句的回答：用什么問(wèn)就用什么來(lái)回答。Is she a student ? Yes,

4、 she is . Can you swim? Yes, I can .(2) 句中如果沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(may , can , must , should)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)（she ,he ,it ）、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞的疑問(wèn)句要用does 來(lái)提問(wèn)。即在句首加does，句子中原有動(dòng)詞用原形 例：Does he like Chinese? 他喜歡漢語(yǔ)嗎？ Yes, he does. 是的，他喜歡(漢語(yǔ))。 Does a dog eat meat? 狗吃肉嗎？ No, it doesnt. 不，它不吃(肉)。(3) 句中如果沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞(am ,

5、 is , are )或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(may , can , must , should)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的疑問(wèn)句要用do 來(lái)提問(wèn)。 Do you like monkeys? No, we dont. Do students study Englsih ? Yes , they do.3. 否定句：(1)句中有be動(dòng)詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(may , can , must , should)時(shí)，否定句在be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not，I am not a teacher. He can not fly .(2) 句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(

6、may , can , must , should)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句，在動(dòng)詞原形前加does + not (doesnt)。He doesnt like cats.(3)句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞(am , is , are )或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(may , can , must , should)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的否定句，在動(dòng)詞原形前加do + not (dont)。They dont go to school on Sundays. 在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。但有些同學(xué)們對(duì)于哪些主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)還不十分清楚，現(xiàn)

7、歸納總結(jié)如下：一、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。It looks like a cat. 它看起來(lái)像只貓。二、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語(yǔ)；是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：Han Mei looks like her mother. 韓梅看起來(lái)像她的母親。Beijing is in China. 北京在中國(guó)。Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞&q

8、uot;作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：A horse is a useful animal. 馬是有用的動(dòng)物。This book is yours. 這本書是你的。That car is red. 那輛小汽車是紅色的。The cat is Lucy's. 這只貓是露茜的。四、不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代詞this, that作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。如：Everyone is here. 大家到齊了。There is something wrong with the watch. 這塊手表有毛病。Th

9、is is a pen. 這是一支鋼筆。That is an eraser. 那是一塊橡皮擦。五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)為第三人稱單數(shù)。如：The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。The bread is very small. 那面包很小。六、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如："6" is a lucky number. "6"是個(gè)吉利數(shù)字。"I" is a letter. "I"是個(gè)字母。動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milk

10、s2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies4.不規(guī)則的，have-hasI.用be的適當(dāng)形式填空1. -How_ you? -I_ fine. 2. I_ David,and my family name_ Green.3.-What color _ your clock? -It_ white. 4.-What_ this in English?-It_ an apple.5.Toy_my broth

11、er.David_my brother,too.They _ my brothers.6.Look!These_apple trees. 7.We_ good students and you_ good teacher.8.My sister and my brother_ students. 9.Five and three _ eight. 10._your card number 5578? 11.Where_ your pencils? 12.These sweaters _ fifty dollars. 13.How much _ his jacket? 14.My brother

12、s birthday_ December 11th. 15.When _ Kates birthday?用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1_ her sister _ (have) a tennis racket? 2._ your friend _ (like) basketball?3.We _ (play) football every day. 4.It_ (sound) very well.5.Jim _ (want) an orange. 7.      My mother _(watch)TV in the evening.8. 

13、     _ you _ (like) English? 9.      Mike and Li Lei _ (not like) eggs10.  What color_ your sister_ (like)? 11.   She _ (know) a little English.一般過(guò)去時(shí)講解及練習(xí)題概念一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：last year, yesterday等； 也可表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和o

14、ften, always等頻率副詞連用。例如：I was in xugou five days ago.(存在的狀態(tài))I bought an funny story book yesterday. (發(fā)生的動(dòng)作) Yu Xinya always went to school on foot last year. (經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化形式有：(1)規(guī)則變化：直接加-ed。如: want-wanted play-played work-worked以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，加-d。如：live-lived move-moved hope-hoped末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉

15、音節(jié)，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped 末尾是輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied cry-cried carry-carried(2)不規(guī)則變化：需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等 句型肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他。如：he did his homework yesterday.Mr.Hill was at home last night.The children were at home just

16、now.否定句：a.主語(yǔ)+was/were+not(wasnt/werent)+其他。 b.主語(yǔ)+didnt+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。如：The works were in the workshop.The works werent in the workshop. I did that.I didnt do that.一般疑問(wèn)句：a. Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他？；b. Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？如: Tom was a student.Was Tom a student? He wanted to be a singer.Did he want to be a singer? 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特

17、殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？如：Where were you yesterday evening?Why did the boy come here?How did they finish the work so fast? 一般過(guò)去時(shí)口訣一般過(guò)去時(shí)并不難，表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)記心間。動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)句末站。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，didn't 站在動(dòng)詞原形前，其它部分不要變。一般疑問(wèn)句也好變，did放在句子前，主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑問(wèn)句也簡(jiǎn)單，疑問(wèn)詞加一般疑問(wèn)句記心間。最后一條請(qǐng)注意，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式要牢記。 練習(xí)題一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. The children had a g

18、ood time in the park.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：_2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：_3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：_4. Last week I read an English book.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯定/否定回答：_對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：_5. My brother was in the park just now.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Xu Anqing _(visit) the Great Wall last year.2.I _(live)in the village when I was a child.3.Zhao Xinle_(see) a big tiger in the nature park last year.4.Sam_ (