公開課 過去分詞作狀語13564

1、1.The stolen bike belongs to Jack.2.The glass is broken.3.Mary heard her name called by a stranger.4.Asked what had happened, he told us about it._1.作作定語定語2.作表語作表語3.作賓補作賓補4.作狀語作狀語過去分詞過去分詞Revision: Grammar 過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語 The Past Participle as the Adverbial1.When water is heated, water turns into ste

2、am. = heated, water turns into steam. When過去分詞作時間狀語過去分詞作時間狀語2. Because he was exhausted, he fell asleep at once.= exhausted, he fell asleep at once.Because過去分詞作原因狀語過去分詞作原因狀語3.If I am given a time machine , I will pay a visit to the future.= given a time machine, I will pay a visit to the future. a t

3、ime machineIf過去分詞作條件狀語過去分詞作條件狀語4. Although she was Laughed at by many people, she continued her study.= laughed at by many people, she continued her study.Although過去分詞作讓步狀語過去分詞作讓步狀語5. The girl left, and she was followed by a little dog.= The girl left, followed by a little dog.過去分詞作方式或伴隨狀語過去分詞作方式或伴隨

4、狀語過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語 summary1.過去分詞在句子中可以作過去分詞在句子中可以作_、_、_、_和和_等。等。相相當于相應(yīng)的狀語從句。當于相應(yīng)的狀語從句。注意：注意：當當過去分詞作方式狀語或伴隨狀語時，過去分詞作方式狀語或伴隨狀語時，沒沒有相應(yīng)的從句可替換，有相應(yīng)的從句可替換，相當于一個并列分句。相當于一個并列分句。時間狀語時間狀語 原因狀語原因狀語條件狀語條件狀語讓步狀語讓步狀語方式或伴隨狀語方式或伴隨狀語2.為了表示強調(diào)為了表示強調(diào)，過去分詞可與連詞構(gòu)成過去分詞可與連詞構(gòu)成“連詞連詞過去分詞過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語, ,但連詞也可省略但連詞也可省略。3.過去分詞作狀語時

5、其過去分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語邏輯主語與與主句的主語主句的主語保持保持一致一致。SeenGivenDone 用所給詞的適當形式填空用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. _ (see) from the hill, the city lookslike a big garden. 2. _(give) more time, I will finish my work on time.3. _ (do) in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 4. _(leave) at home, John didnt feel afraid at all.5. Th

6、e old man entered the meeting room, _(support) by a young fellow.6. _ (see) from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden. Leftsupported過去分詞短語作時間狀語過去分詞短語作時間狀語作條件狀語作條件狀語作原因狀語作原因狀語作讓步狀語作讓步狀語作方式或伴作方式或伴隨狀語隨狀語Seeing _ (see) from the hill, thecitylookslikeabiggarden. 分詞作狀語時，用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，取決分

7、詞作狀語時，用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，取決于于分詞與句子主語之間的關(guān)系分詞與句子主語之間的關(guān)系。 如果句子的主語和分詞是主動關(guān)系如果句子的主語和分詞是主動關(guān)系, , 用用_，句子的主語和分詞是被動關(guān)系，句子的主語和分詞是被動關(guān)系，用用_?，F(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞過去分詞重難點辨析（一）：主語一致重難點辨析（一）：主語一致_ (see) from the hill, you will find thecitylookslikeabiggarden. SeenSeeing1. 從上面看從上面看,體育場好像一個鳥巢。體育場好像一個鳥巢。 _ from the top, the stadium look

8、s like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen2. 從太空看從太空看, 宇航員看不到長城。宇航員看不到長城。 _ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seen1、有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語、有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不表被動而表主語的狀態(tài)。時不表被動而表主語的狀態(tài)。如：如： (be) lost (迷路迷路); (be) lost in (沉湎沉湎); (be) seated (坐坐); (be) born (出身于出身于); (b

9、e) dressed in (穿著穿著)；(be) interested in(感興趣感興趣)； (be) tired of (厭煩厭煩)；(be) worried about (擔心擔心)等。等。 e.g. Dressed in white, she looks more beautiful.重難點辨析（二）：不表被動的特殊情況重難點辨析（二）：不表被動的特殊情況2、由某些動詞、由某些動詞(通常是與心理感受有關(guān)的通常是與心理感受有關(guān)的詞詞)后面加后面加-ed轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞也表狀態(tài)不轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞也表狀態(tài)不表被動。表被動。如：如：frightened, satisfied, tired, di

10、sappointed等。等。e.g. Surprised at what had happened, Tom didnt know what to do. 即學(xué)即練：即學(xué)即練：1. When _(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.2. _(blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.

11、3. _(surprise) and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the paringBlamedSurprised 過去分詞不表被過去分詞不表被動而表狀態(tài)動而表狀態(tài) 分分詞詞作作狀語狀語答答題記憶題記憶口口訣訣分詞作狀語，主語是問題。分詞作狀語，主語是問題。逗號前后兩動作，共用一主語。逗號前后兩動作，共用一主語。主語找出后，再來判關(guān)系。主語找出后，再來判關(guān)系。主動主動- -inging, ,被動用被動用- -eded。過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語需要注意的幾個問題需要注意的幾個問題1. 過去分詞作狀語時的位置過去分詞作狀語，多放在句首；也可放在主句后面

12、或插在句子中間，均需有逗號與主句隔開。e.g. : Followed by his assistant, the professor walked out of the hall. = The professor walked out of the hall, followed by his assistant. =The professor, followed by his assistant, walked out of the hall.由助手跟著，這位教授走出了大廳。如如: If heated, _. A.people can turn water into gas B. one ca

13、n change ice into waterC. ice turns into water D. people get water from ice 2. 2. 過去分詞的邏輯主語和句子的主語要保持一致過去分詞的邏輯主語和句子的主語要保持一致 若若過去過去分詞分詞的邏輯的邏輯主語與句中主語不一致主語與句中主語不一致,而而是前面有了自己的主語，這時就構(gòu)成了是前面有了自己的主語，這時就構(gòu)成了過去過去分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語，表示在句中作狀語，表示時間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨等時間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨等 。Their homework finished, the ch

14、ildren went out to play football.句子的主語句子的主語過去分詞的邏輯主語過去分詞的邏輯主語過去分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，過去分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，作時間狀語作時間狀語3. 3. 過去分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)過去分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)4.英語中也有一些分詞，其邏輯主語不是句子的英語中也有一些分詞，其邏輯主語不是句子的主語，它們已變成主語，它們已變成固定詞組固定詞組，表示說話人對所說，表示說話人對所說的話的一種態(tài)度。如的話的一種態(tài)度。如: :judging by/from 根據(jù)根據(jù)判斷；由判斷；由斷定斷定provided/providing (that) 假如，倘若假如，倘若；giv

15、en 倘若倘若；假定；假定generally / strictly speaking一般說來一般說來/ 嚴格說來嚴格說來talking of / speaking of 說到，提到說到，提到 all things considered 從整體來看從整體來看 ， Considering 考慮到考慮到taking all things into consideration全面看來全面看來 e.g. Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai this evening. 5.5. 過去分詞的四種形式過去分詞的四種形式一般式：done不強調(diào)動作的先

16、后關(guān)系不強調(diào)動作的先后關(guān)系現(xiàn)在進行式：being done 強調(diào)分詞的動作與謂語動詞的動強調(diào)分詞的動作與謂語動詞的動作作同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生完成式：having been done 表示表示分詞的動作發(fā)生在前，謂分詞的動作發(fā)生在前，謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生在后語動詞的動作發(fā)生在后。（在不強調(diào)動作先后的情況下，在不強調(diào)動作先后的情況下，常常用常常用done代替代替）將來式：將來式：to be done表示表示“將要被將要被”1. _ (use) by me now, the bike cant be lent to you.2. _ (use) for many years, the bike need

17、repairing.3. _ (threat) twice, the young lady called the police.Having been threatenedThreatenedBeing usedHaving been used或或6.6.現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞和不定式作狀語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞和不定式作狀語的區(qū)別 1 1) v.-ing作狀語作狀語時，分詞表示的時，分詞表示的動作與句子主動作與句子主語語之間構(gòu)成之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系主動關(guān)系。 e.g. Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of

18、our city. 2) v.-ed作狀語時，分詞表示的動作與句子主語之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。 e.g. Seen from the top of the tower, our city looks more beautiful. 3)to do作狀語，一般作狀語，一般表示目的表示目的。 e.g. To get a wonderful view of our city, we climbed to the top of the tower.1. Following the old man, we went upstairs. (We followed) (跟著那個老人跟著那個老人, 我們上了樓。我們

19、上了樓。)2. Followed by the old man, we went upstairs. (We were followed by) (我們上了樓我們上了樓, 后面跟著那個老人。后面跟著那個老人。)CompareConsolidate:1)_ (如此高興如此高興), we decided to stay two more days. Function: _2) _ (十六世紀十六世紀燒毀后燒毀后), the castle was never rebuilt.Function: _Much delightedBurnt in the 16th centuryCauseTime3) _

20、 (被他的話所感動被他的話所感動), I accepted his present.Function: _4) _ (從山上看從山上看), the lake looks beautiful.Function: _5) _ (如果吃地及時如果吃地及時) the medicine will be quite effective.Function: _Moved by his wordsSeen from the hillTaken in timecauseCondition/timeCondition1. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in fr

21、ont of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given3. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Founded B. It was founded C. Being founded D. FoundingPractice

22、 makes perfect4. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared5. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given6. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook t

23、han a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed7. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited8. _ more attention, the tree could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given.9. The com

24、puter center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened10. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written11. When _, the

25、museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 12. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered 13. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun14. The _ morning, the father came into the lonely house, _ by his naughty boy.A.following, following B.followed