20141014同課異構(gòu)（被動語態(tài)1

1、被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)專項專項Mr. Young UNIT 9 Passive Voice英語中有幾種語態(tài)你知道嗎？英語中有幾種語態(tài)你知道嗎？兩種兩種是哪兩種？是哪兩種？主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者 例例如：如：Many people speak English. He opened the door.他開了門他開了門 We can repair this watch in two days.被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者

2、。 例如：例如：English is spoken by many people. The door was opened.門被開了。門被開了。 This watch can be repaired by us in two days.被動語態(tài)基本用法被動語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞助動詞be+be+及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過過bebe表現(xiàn)，有人稱和數(shù)

3、的變化。表現(xiàn)，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。My father plants this tree.(active)主主謂謂賓賓(承受者承受者)This tree is planted by my father (passive).主動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài)1.They make shoes in that factory.主語主語+及物動詞及物動詞+賓語賓語Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：S(主語）主語）+am/is /are +done改為被動語態(tài)pThey play football on Sunday.pLucy does the

4、homework in the evening.pThey often use computers in class.pWe make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made by us in Beijing.My father planted this tree .(active)主謂賓(受

5、動者)This tree was plantedby my father .2.My brother broke the window.The window was broken (by my brother) .一般過去時：一般過去時：S+was/were +donepThey built the tall building last year.pHe took good care of his little brother yesterday.pWe cleaned our classroom just now.pThey used this room for resting.The ta

6、ll building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.3 . Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主謂謂賓賓(承受者承受者)The roomwill be cleaned byTom tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in

7、ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.S+ will+be+done一般將來時一般將來時pWe will have a sports meeting next week.We will have a sports meeting next week.pChildren will take some photos in the Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.schoolyard tomorrow.pThe headmaster will

8、give a talk this afternoon.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by

9、Amy.S+ 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + be+done情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by

10、 them.一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：一般過去時：一般過去時：一般將來時：一般將來時：含有情態(tài)動詞：含有情態(tài)動詞： S+ am/is /are + doneS+情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+be+done S+ will + be + done S+ was/were + done各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換1.He teaches English in our school.English is taught in our school by him.口訣口訣1 1 賓變主，主變賓加賓變主，主變賓加byby，謂語加，謂語加be be donedone看時態(tài)，數(shù)看時態(tài)，數(shù)格牢

11、記隨被變。格牢記隨被變。 2.She gave me a book.I was given a book by her./A book was given to me by her.口訣口訣2 2 如遇雙賓語，最好變間賓如遇雙賓語，最好變間賓; ;如若變直賓，如若變直賓，to/forto/for間間賓連賓連.(.(借給遞拿教送看借給遞拿教送看toto，飯買畫唱帶做為，飯買畫唱帶做為forfor) )3.He made me do the work.I was made to do the work by him.口訣口訣3：這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中to 離開，被動句中離

12、開，被動句中to回回 來來.（一感二聽三讓四看一感二聽三讓四看）4.They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意注意：含動詞詞組的被動語態(tài)，須：含動詞詞組的被動語態(tài)，須將其看作一個整體，不可把它們分將其看作一個整體，不可把它們分隔開來。隔開來。只有及物動詞有被動語態(tài)只有及物動詞有被動語態(tài),不及物動詞不及物動詞 沒有被動語態(tài)沒有被動語態(tài), eg：happen, take place, appear, die, succeed, come true, escape（逃跑）（逃跑）, belong, last某些感官動詞和表示狀態(tài)或特征的某些感官動詞和表示狀態(tài)或特征的及物動詞也沒有被動語態(tài)及物動詞也沒有被動語態(tài),如如 sound, smell, taste, feel, look, become, cost, fit, have.注注 意意pOn 22 August 2004, The Scream, a famous painting by an artist called Edverd stole/was stolen from the museum in Norway.The painting pulled/was pul