Unit Global warming學(xué)案新人教選修

1、Unit 4 Global warming課前預(yù)習(xí)單詞拼寫1. Rain is p_ of nature.2. The g_ shows temperature changed a little.3. The a_ of 4,5 and 9 is 6.4. This decision could have serious c_ for the future of the industry.5. With the development of industry, more and more people died from air p_.6. This species of bird is _

2、(減少) in number every year.7. Low-lying countries feel their very _ (存在) is in danger from rising sea level.8. This _ (資料) was collected from 80 countries.9. Wood, coal, oil and gas are _(燃料).10. The contract clearly _ (敘述) when the work should be finished.重點(diǎn)短語1._ run out 2. _ run out of3. _compared

3、to 4. _發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生5. _huge quantities of 6. _the amount of7. _ an amount of 8. _go up9. _導(dǎo)致 10. _rise by11. _逐步建立,增加 12. _keep on doing.13. _on the whole 14. _有關(guān)系,有影響15. _容忍,忍受 16._and so on小組合作探究課文理解Fast reading: Read the passage silently and quickly and answer the following questions, Youll be given 5 m

4、inutes.（Comprehending EX1）1.The main topic of the article is:_2._ wrote the magazine article. The magazine is_3.The three scientists mentioned in the article are _, _ and_.4.Graph 1 shows _5. Graph 2 shows _ _6.What is called the “greenhouse effect”？_課文重點(diǎn)句子翻譯1. There is no doubt that the earth is be

5、coming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon._2. They also believe it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that is resulting in this increase in carbon dioxide._3. Even if we start re

6、ducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases , the climate is going to keep on warming for decades and centuries._4. it will encourage a greater range of animals- all of which will make life for human beings better._全員探究Warming Up1. An energy source is “renewable” when supplies of

7、it never run out.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航 run out作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“被用完了（become used up)”的被動(dòng)含義，其主語通常是時(shí)間、金錢、食物等無生命名詞。例如：_他的錢很快就花完了。Our supplies finally ran out.我們的供給終于耗盡了。思維拓展 run out of=use up vt. We have used up our money.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航renewable adj 能再生的；可再生的renew v 更新，恢復(fù)，重新開始 1) re-是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞前綴，表示“新”“再” eg: recycle 回收 rewrite 改寫 reform 改革 r

8、efine 精練 retell 復(fù)述 recover 恢復(fù) 2) able-是一個(gè) 形容詞后綴表示“可的”“能的” acceptable 可接受的，可理解的 respectable 值得尊敬的Reading1.That probably doesnt sound very much to you or me but it is a rapid increase compared to most natural changes.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航 compare v. 比較,對(duì)照,比喻,比作compare.with和.比較 compare . to 把.比作beyond/past/ without com

9、pare 無與倫比 compared to/with和.比較compare notes 對(duì)筆記, 交換意見We often compare notes after class.下課后我們經(jīng)常對(duì)筆記.思維拓展 comparative adj.比較的 comparable adj.可比較的, 類似的comparison n.比較,對(duì)照,比喻學(xué)以致用The girl _Susan, who often helps other people,_LeiFeng in this university.A. whose name is; comparing with B. calling; is compa

10、red to C. who called; compares to D. called; is compared to 解析:本題考查compare to和call的用法,句意為:那個(gè)名叫Susan的女孩經(jīng)常幫助別人,被比作我們大學(xué)里的雷鋒.sb be called 名字叫,compare sb. to 把.比作,選D2.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this glob

11、al warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航 There is no doubt that 毫無疑問（that從句為同位語從句，表示與之同位的no doubt的實(shí)際內(nèi)容，同位語從句亦可由whether引導(dǎo)）。例如：_we will defeat them in the next game.毫無疑問，我們會(huì)在下次比賽中擊敗他們。There is some doubt whether he is the best man for the job.他是不是擔(dān)任那項(xiàng)工作的最適當(dāng)人選，有點(diǎn)疑問。思維拓展doubt vt.懷疑，疑慮。

12、常接賓語從句，在否定句和疑問句中，接that引導(dǎo)的從句；在肯定句中，接whether/if引導(dǎo)的從句。例如：_我不懷疑他是誠實(shí)的。We doubt if he is honest.我們懷疑他是否誠實(shí)。I have (my) doubts about whether he is the best man for the job. 我懷疑他是否做這項(xiàng)工作的最好人選。We have no doubt of his ability. 我們相信他的能力。 without/beyond doubt 無疑地，確實(shí)地，肯定地，必定學(xué)以致用There is no doubt _ Chinese athletes

13、 will carry off more medals in the next Olympic Games.A. thatB. whichC. asD. whether解析A。doubt與否定詞連用時(shí)，常用連詞that。3.It was a scientist called Charles Keeling who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航 本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。請(qǐng)把句子還原：_4.They also believe it is t

14、he burning of more and more fossil fuels that is resulting in this increase in carbon dioxide.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航 result 作為動(dòng)詞常與from和in搭配，注意其含義：result from 因產(chǎn)生，源自 result in 導(dǎo)致，造成Nothing has resulted from his efforts. 他的努力終成泡影。_three deaths. 這次事故造成三人死亡。思維拓展 as a result of作為結(jié)果 without result 毫無結(jié)果的They carried out the

15、 experiment without result. 他們做的實(shí)驗(yàn)沒有任何結(jié)果.學(xué)以致用 （1）My friend Tom was very sick with a strange fever; _, he could neither eat nor sleep.Aas a result Bafter all Cany way Dotherwise解析as a result表示“結(jié)果是”；after all表示“畢竟”；anyway表示“無論如何, 總之”；otherwise表示“否則；要不然”。根據(jù)句子意思，答案為A。（2）Its his laziness that _ his failu

16、re in the last exam.A. resulted from B. resulted in C. led into D. brought in解析 result from 因產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生；result in 導(dǎo)致，造成；bring in生出、產(chǎn)生或掙得（利潤，收入）。答案為B。(3)As is known to us all, failure usually_ laziness while diligence can_ success.A. results from; lie in B. results in; result from C. leads to; lie in D. r

17、esults from; result in5.He predicts that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航 consequence n.結(jié)果;后果;重要短語take the consequences of 為.結(jié)果負(fù)責(zé);自作自受in consequence 因此,結(jié)果;相當(dāng)于as a resultas a consequence of =as a result of 由于 的結(jié)果be of much/any/no consequence 有很大（任何，無）重要性in consequ

18、ence of 由于,相當(dāng)于because of In consequence of the fire, many people became homeless.由于大火,許多人無家可歸.思維拓展consequent adj.作為結(jié)果的,隨之發(fā)生的 consequently adv.因而,所以學(xué)以致用_ your bad work, I am forced to dismiss you.A. In consequence of B. Because C. As consequence of D. In account of解析:選A. In consequence of 由于; 因.結(jié)果 B.

19、 Because因?yàn)?由于.連詞,該句結(jié)構(gòu)不需要連詞 C. As consequence of作為.結(jié)果 D. In account of因?yàn)?由于.根據(jù)句意,選A.因.的結(jié)果.He may be_(在他自己的村中是一個(gè)重要人物）,but he is nobody here. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換He was badly injured as a result of his careless driving.(改為同義句）.He was badly injured _ his careless driving.6. state vt. 說,陳述 n.狀態(tài)；情況；國家He has publicly stat

20、ed his support for the policy.他已公開聲明支持那項(xiàng)政策。She was in a terrible state when we arrived .我們抵達(dá)時(shí)她情緒很不好。The island is still in a state of nature. 這個(gè)島嶼依然處在原始狀態(tài).思維拓展stated adj.說出的,宣布的 statement n.陳述,敘說,說明報(bào)告make a statement陳述,供述 issue a statement發(fā)表聲明a bank statement銀行結(jié)算單 keep ones state維持尊嚴(yán),擺架子【辨析】state 的意

21、思是“詳細(xì)陳述”。往往詳細(xì)說明原因；理由是正式用語，指某時(shí)某人某物存在時(shí)的狀態(tài)、情況、環(huán)境等，持續(xù)時(shí)間長the state of our country todaycondition 指被認(rèn)為由某具體的原因環(huán)境所產(chǎn)生的state :the condition made flying impossible .Situation 大致上和 state、 condition同義但比較重視各種情況，以及所牽涉到的人與人之間彼此的關(guān)系也常指軍事、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況： We are in different situations .學(xué)以致用The book published by the governmen

22、t_the case of the womens rights and responsibilities of last year.A. states B. tells C. stares D. says解析:state,陳述,tell告訴,stare盯著看,say說.句意:政府出版的那本書全面陳述了去年婦女的權(quán)利與責(zé)任.選A(1) The US _war on Irap without the agreement of the UN. A. declared B. stated C. pronounced D. claimed (2) She is in a poor _of health

23、,which worries her mother much. A. position B. situation C. state D. condition(3) The collapse of the World Trade Center has put US in a difficult_. A. situation B. background C. case D. occasion7.Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航build up vi. 加大；加強(qiáng)；增多to become greater, mor

24、e powerful or larger in numberAll the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress.The music built up to a climax.build sb/sth up 吹捧某人/某物build sb/oneself up=to make sb/oneself stronger 增強(qiáng)某人的體質(zhì)You need more protein to build you up.8.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxid

25、e and other greenhouse gases , the climate is going to keep on warming for decades and centuries.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航 keep on doing sth=continue/go on doing sth繼續(xù)干某事我們堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)到深夜。_思維拓展 keep doing和keep on doing都可表示“不斷（老是）做某事”的意思，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作連續(xù)不斷，每隔一會(huì)兒發(fā)生，這時(shí)兩者可以換用。例如：John always kept (on) asking questions.約翰總是問個(gè)不停。News of success

26、es keeps (on) pouring in.捷報(bào)頻傳。keep doing還可表示連續(xù)不斷的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。keep on doing則沒有這種用法。而強(qiáng)調(diào)“繼續(xù)干某事”（盡管動(dòng)作是時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù)）時(shí)，常用keep on doing sth。例如：We kept working in the fields in spite of the rain. 盡管下雨，我們還是堅(jiān)持在地里干活。Why do the dogs keep barking?這些狗為什么不停地叫？他沒有灰心，還在繼續(xù)努力。_go on doing, go on to do和go on with的區(qū)別這三個(gè)短語都有“繼續(xù)做某事”

27、的意思，但在含義上有所不同。go on doing sth.是指不間斷地做某事（continue to do without break or interruption）。go on with sth.則意味著一度中止后，又繼續(xù)下去。go on to do sth.是指做完一件事后轉(zhuǎn)而去做其它事。如：1）It was raining, but the farmers _(=kept on working) in the fields. 下雨了，然而農(nóng)民們還在田里勞動(dòng)。2）She went on with her writing after supper. 晚飯后，她繼續(xù)寫文章。3）_after

28、 he finished his own job. 干完自己的活兒后他接著去幫助別人。9.Glance quickly at the magazine article and answer the questions.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航glance v.n.粗略地看一下,一瞥,掃視短語 glance at 匆匆瞥一眼 give/take a glance at/to/over/into 對(duì).匆匆一看, 一瞥at a glance=at the first glance 初乍一看就She fell in love with him at the first glance. 她第一次見到他就愛上了他.思維拓

29、展glancing adj.粗略的,隨便的,偶爾的,間接的 學(xué)以致用She _ shyly at him out of the corners of her eyes.A. stared B. glanced C. peeped D. glared解析:本題考查與glance相似的幾個(gè)詞的區(qū)別;stare盯著看,glance匆匆看一眼,peep(從小孔里)偷看,窺視,glare怒目而視,句意為:她用眼角害羞地瞥了他一眼.選B. 1).I_(一眼就可以看出）that something was wrong.2).He _（匆匆看了一下她的臉).3).She_shyly at the young

30、fellow from behind. A.glared B.glanced C.stared D.gazed4).They stood_at each other as if they were enemies. A.staring B.glancing C.glaring D.looking5)When I went in, he was lying on the floor _ at the ceiling. to stare B. stared C. was staring D. staring10.it will encourage a greater range of animal

31、s- all of which will make life for human beings better.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航ange n. 山脈, 行列, 范圍, 射程vt.排列, 歸類于, 使并列思維拓展in/within/out of/beyond range 在射程內(nèi)（外）range from to 在范圍內(nèi)變化beyond the range of 超越范圍 out of ones range 某人達(dá)不到的1).The new technology has opened up a very wide_of possibilities. A. range B.extent C.number D

32、.collection2).The childrens ages_。 (孩子們的年齡在5到15歲之間)11. huge quantities of 1)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的詞有：many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large number of, large numbers of 等，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：A large number of students are waiting in the classroom. 許多學(xué)生正在教室里等著。2)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有： much, a great deal of, a little, a larg

33、e amount of等，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如： A large amount of money is spent on the new hospital. 大筆錢被花在這個(gè)新醫(yī)院上。3)既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有：some, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quality of, large quantities of, a mass of , masses of等，主語是可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。考題鏈接 With more forests being destroyed, huge quan

34、tities of good earth _ each year. （山東卷） A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away解析：答案為D。wash away表示“沖走”，是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞詞組，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。quantities of詞組作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要用復(fù)數(shù)，不論后面跟的是可數(shù)名詞，還是不可數(shù)名詞。Learning about Language1. The temperature increased and decreased over this period

35、 but on the whole it increased by around one degree Fahrenheit.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航decrease v. 減少;使減少The number of children in the school has decreased this year.今年在校的兒童人數(shù)減少了。The workmen want to decrease the number of working hours and increase pay.工人要求減少工作時(shí)間而增加工資。短語 decrease the number to 把數(shù)目減少到on the decrease 在減少

36、中辨析decrease 表示大小,數(shù)量,質(zhì)量,數(shù)字,力量等的變小或減少.reduce 更常用作及物動(dòng)詞,表示減少費(fèi)用,緊縮開支等意思.Our sales are decreasing. 我們的銷售在下降.He reduced the amount of money they could spend. 他緊縮了他們的開銷.學(xué)以致用The driver _ the speed of the car.A. minused B. decreased C. knocked D. examined 解析:minus 減去;knock 減價(jià),扣掉;examine檢查decrease 減少(弱).句意為;司機(jī)

37、減低了車速.選B.2.on the whole 大體上；基本上；總的來說On the whole, they are happy after their marriage. The weather this month has been good on the whole.這個(gè)月的天氣基本上是好的。2.The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15。C.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航average n. 平均數(shù)；平均水平 on average 通常；按平均The average of 4, 8, and 60

38、is 24.4、8和60的平均數(shù)是24。What is the average rainfall for August in your country?你們國家八月份的平均降雨量是多少?average adj. 一般的, 通常的, 平均的3.Low-lying countries feel their very existence is in danger from rising sea levels.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航existence 存在, 生存生活, 存在狀態(tài)bring into existence 使產(chǎn)生,使成立come into existence 開始存在,產(chǎn)生,成立in existenc

39、e 存在的,現(xiàn)存的,現(xiàn)有的There is nothing in existence that is unchanging. 一切存在的事物沒有不變化的.思維拓展exist v.生存；存在existent adj.存在的,實(shí)在的,現(xiàn)存的existing adj.目前的,現(xiàn)存的,存在的Contradictions_.到處存在著矛盾。Salt exists mostly in sea water.海水中存在的鹽分最多。_.人沒有空氣就不能生存。The old lady exists only on rice coffee and bread.老太太僅靠咖啡面包生活。學(xué)以致用 People dont

40、 now believe in the _ of ghosts. A. birth B. evidence C. existence D. occurrenceUsing Language1.Together, individuals can make a difference.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航make a difference有關(guān)系；有意義；make no difference 無差別；無意義他來不來沒大關(guān)系。_2.We dont have to put up with pollution.要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航put up with忍受；忍耐；受苦_.我再也不能容忍你的粗魯態(tài)度了。That woman, as

41、a housewife, has a lot to put up with.那個(gè)女人是個(gè)家庭主婦不得不忍受許多煩惱。3.Its OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it-if not, turn it off!要點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航1）leave+賓語+補(bǔ)語（形容詞、副詞、過分、現(xiàn)分、介短）to cause or allow to be or remain in a specified state2）so/as long as在的時(shí)間之內(nèi); 以為條件；只要I'll stay as long as I can.

42、我能呆多久就呆多久。只要他不到，我就不離開。_思維拓展as far as 遠(yuǎn)及；就而論The path extends as far as the river.As far as I know, he has gone to town.就我所知，他到鎮(zhèn)子上去了。4.So if you are not using the lights, the TV, the computer and so on, turn them off.5. blame v.埋怨,責(zé)備短語 be to blame 應(yīng)受譴責(zé),應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任blame something on sb. 把歸咎于blame sb.for sth./

43、doing sth 因而責(zé)備某人You shouldnt blame your son for not having done his homework.思維拓展blameful adj.該受責(zé)備的,有過錯(cuò)的 blamefully adv.blameless adj.無可責(zé)難的,無過錯(cuò)的 blamelessly adv.blameworthy adj. 該受責(zé)備的學(xué)以致用He deserved to _ his carelessness.A. blamed for B. be blamed for C. blame for D. be blame for語法探究1. It is/was wel

44、l-known that眾所周知。例如：It is well-known that Taiwan belongs to China.眾所周知，臺(tái)灣屬于中國。It is well-known that the Great Wall is the longest wall in the world.眾所周知，長城是世界上最長的墻。思維拓展 在這個(gè)句型中，that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，此句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換為as引導(dǎo)的定語從句， It is/was well-known that相當(dāng)于as we all know。例如; As we all know, the Great Wall is the longest

45、 wall in the world.眾所周知，長城是世界上最長的墻。問題探究 你還知道類似的結(jié)構(gòu)嗎？提示：常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：It is hoped that 人們希望；It is said that據(jù)說；It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道；It is believed that人們相信。例如：It is said that he died from cancer last month.據(jù)說，他上個(gè)月死于癌癥。It is reported that that singer has been in prison for one year.據(jù)報(bào)道，那位歌星曾經(jīng)坐過一年監(jiān)?？碱}鏈接_is k

46、nown to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001NMET) A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：答案為B。本句中間有逗號(hào)，所以不能選A。2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型使用十要素一、如果強(qiáng)調(diào)句型指現(xiàn)在或未來情況用It is，指過去情況用It was。 二、被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分往往是句子的主語、賓語、時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語，但有時(shí)也可強(qiáng)調(diào)比較復(fù)雜的內(nèi)容，如時(shí)間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、not until.、not only.but also.、.as well as.等結(jié)構(gòu)。 三、被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人稱

47、代詞時(shí)，原句用什么格，強(qiáng)調(diào)句也用什么格。 四、被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分如果是主格人稱代詞時(shí)，who/that后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和該主格人稱代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 五、關(guān)于強(qiáng)調(diào)詞的選用，強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)可用who或that；如果不強(qiáng)調(diào)人一律用that。此時(shí)絕不能和定語從句混淆，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語或者原因狀語時(shí)不能誤用when、where或why。 例1：It was him who/that I saw the day before yesterday. 析：該句原句為：I saw him the day before yesterday.該句指過去情況，所以強(qiáng)調(diào)句型應(yīng)使用It was開頭；被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為原句賓

48、語-賓格人稱代詞him，所以強(qiáng)調(diào)句型仍用him作被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分；被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人，所以用who或that。 例2：It was in the street that I met him yesterday. 析：該句原句為：I met him in the street yesterday.該句仍指過去情況，所以強(qiáng)調(diào)句型仍以It was開頭，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分雖為地點(diǎn)狀語，但不能用where,只能用that。 例3：It was because he was seriously ill that he died. 析：該句原句為：He died because he was seriously ill.被強(qiáng)

49、調(diào)部分為結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的原因狀語從句，但不能用why，只能用that。 六、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：Is /Was itwhothat? 例4：Was it during the Second World War that he died？ 析：該句雖不以It was開頭，而以Was it開頭，是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式。所以當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)用that。 七、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：特殊疑問詞is /was it that?(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句只能強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問詞) 例5：Where was it that you found your lost pen？ 析：該句雖以Where

50、開頭，但后邊的was it仍說明該句使用的是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為特殊疑問詞where，表地點(diǎn)，所以應(yīng)使用that。 八、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的is /was前面可用must /may /might等表推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 例6：It might be in this room that he met her. 析：該句It was的was前面雖用might，但該句仍然是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 九、被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，有可能先接定語從句，再接強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，應(yīng)多加思考，不能混用。 例7：It was on October 1st,1949when he joined the Party that he was killed. 析：該句的中心不是說明1949年10月1日他入黨，而是說1949年10月1日他被殺害，he j