ArcGIS拓?fù)湟?guī)則說明

1、ArcGIS拓?fù)湟?guī)則說明我們在實際的圖形處理中，一些圖形要求滿足一定的要素之間的關(guān)系，如二次調(diào)查中的地類圖斑不能 在行政區(qū)以外，圖斑不能相互重疊，這些特定的圖形之間的關(guān)系我們可以定義一些拓?fù)湟?guī)則來加以限制。、點之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系）例如：在）例如：水龍拓?fù)湟唬≒oint-Area）: Must be covered by boundary of，（原始解釋：點必須在多邊形邊界上。 地籍建庫中，界址點必須在宗地的邊界上，要是不在，那就是錯誤。7Point features from one laermust be coincident with the1_/boundaries M area Jeal

2、uresof another layer.When a feature from theL 口一pointdoes not fall or i aboundary i is an error.拓?fù)涠篗ust be covered by endpoint of，（原始解釋：點要素必須位于線要素的端點上。頭必需在水管的末端（廢話！要在中間怎么用？）Point feature fiom one 由卿 must be covered by the endpoints of line featufes of another layer.When a feature from the point lay

3、er not hll on the endpoint of a line feature it is an etrOr.規(guī)則三：Point must be covered by line，（原始解釋：點要素必須在線要素之上。）例如：地籍測量中,界址點必需在界址線上。（和規(guī)則三是有差別的！）Point features from one laye; 前u$t be covered by line feature? from anothei layer.丄An)J point that is not covered by a line feature is an error.規(guī)則四：Must be

4、 properly in side polygo ns ,（原始解釋：點要素必須在多邊形要素內(nèi)，在邊界上也不行。）nPoint fedtutes from one 詁卿 must be properly mde arM features horn another layer.QAny point th® is not inside an area feature h an error.(J、線拓?fù)湟?guī)則規(guī)則一：Must not overlap，在同一層要素類中（同一層之間的關(guān)系），線與線不能相互重疊，修正的辦法是將不需要的線段截斷，再刪除。A line from iore laper

5、mustnot overlap lines from thmlayerAnv line that aver taps is anerror.。修正方法:規(guī)則二：Must n ot in tersect，同一層要素中，線與線不能重疊和相交（同一層之間的關(guān)系）重合處合并，相交處打斷。A lifie must no( intersect or overlap other lines from the same layer.Anj line where feature? overlap w 目ny point of intersection is an efror.規(guī)則三：Must be covere

6、d by feature class of，同一層中某個要素類中的線段必須被另一要素類中的線段 覆蓋（同一層之間的關(guān)系）。修正方法：將錯誤線段刪除，再重新輸入正確的。A line from one laper must coincide wilh the lines ham another layer.規(guī)則四:Must not overlap with，兩個線要素類中的線段不能重疊。（不同圖層中線對線的關(guān)系）規(guī)則五:A line from one laer must not ov&rlap lines： from another laer.Any line where featuie

7、of the second layer overlap a feature of the kst layer is an error.Must be covered by boundary of，線要素必須被多邊形要素的邊界覆蓋（線與多邊形之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系）。修正方法：刪除錯誤的線，或編輯多邊形。ao規(guī)則六：Must not have dangles，不允許線要素有懸結(jié)點，即每Line features from me layiei musl be coincident with the boundaries of rea features of anothei lay ep.Any line

8、here a feature d the line is not coincident with boundaries of the area lajier is an erfor.條線段的端點都不能孤立，必須和本Any line in the first hyer 出朮 does not coincide with lines from the second laer is an error.要素中其他要素或和自身相接觸（同一線層之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系）。修正方法：將有懸點的線段延伸到其他要素上，或者將長出的部分截斷后刪除。A line from one 歸丿即 touch lines from t

9、he same laver at both eridpoints.Any end point where the line dae-5 not touch another line is an error.規(guī)則七：Must not have Pseudos，不能有偽結(jié)點，就是一條線段中間不能有斷點。修正方法：將偽結(jié)點兩邊的線段合并為一個條線，偽結(jié)點自然消除。規(guī)則八:規(guī)則九：處適當(dāng)縮短或外移。Must not self-overlap，線要素不能和自己重疊，修正方法：截斷、刪除重疊部分。> xA lire feature from one layer must not intersect

10、or overlapAny line where the featurt overlaps itself is an error.八Must not self in tersect，線要素不能自相交，就是不能和自己攪在一起。修正方法：在自相交A lire feature from one layer must not intersect itself.Any line <vhere the feature overlaps itselt ot anv point where the feature intersects itself i$ an error.規(guī)則十：Must be sin

11、gle part，線要素必須單獨，不能聯(lián)合。但若是兩條線首尾相連接，這時候Merge操作后產(chǎn)生的是一條線了，這時候是不會報錯的。但是分開的兩條線進(jìn)行Merge操作，這時候就會出現(xiàn)不符合規(guī)則的錯誤。這個拓?fù)湎拗圃跀?shù)據(jù)處理的時候很有用處。修正方法：將連合的部分打散就可以了。A line f閃tue fiom one layer must not hve more than one partAny lire feature with more than one part is arr error.規(guī)則一: Must notin tersect or touch in terior，線和線不能交叉，端

12、點不能和非端點接觸（非接觸點部分相互重疊是允許的），兩條線相交時（兩條線）必然有斷點。修改方法：剪斷沒有斷點的線，（不是節(jié)點，而是端點）。A line from one Payer must touch bne? from the same 1州出 at h endpoints.line where features overlap or any point of irtesedion is an error規(guī)則十二：End point must be covered by ,線要素的端點被點要素覆蓋。修正方法：增補新的點要素或 調(diào)整不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)的線段。Endpoinls of lines ho

13、m one layer must be covered by point features hpm another layerAriy endpoint that i$ not covered by a p'Dint Jeature is an error.三、面拓?fù)湟?guī)則規(guī)則一：Must not overlap，同一多邊形要素類中多邊形之間不能重疊（同一層之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系，不涉及到其他圖層）。例如，宗地之間不能有重疊。修正方法很靈活。An area must rioi overlap another area from the layer.An> are where feature

14、s veriap an error.規(guī)則二：Must not have gaps，多邊形之間不能有空隙（同層之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系）。例如：一個土地利用圖斑層里面必需是被圖版填滿的，中間不能有一絲縫隙。修正方法根據(jù)實際來定，很靈活。0A void cari notbetween areas in the same laver00The boundary of 日ny void that dpet exist i$ an eiror©規(guī)則三：Must not overlap with，一個要素類中的多邊形不能與另一個要素類中的多邊形重疊。（兩個不同面層之間的關(guān)系。）An area fiom o

15、ne. layer must rrot overlap 自reas anoher lyerAny area where feature® of thw second layer overiap a feature of the first laer is aneng規(guī)則四：Must be covered by feature class of，多邊形要素中的每一個多邊形都被另一個要素類中的多邊形覆蓋（兩個不同面層之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系）。The area features of one layer muct cover the area Jealures of another laer.An

16、；' area where features in I he second are not covered by features in the first hyec k an error.規(guī)則五：Must cover each other，兩個要素類中的多邊形要相互覆蓋，外邊界要一致（層與層之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系）。The area features of one layer and the area feature? of another lyer musl cover each iDtlier.Anv area whsre the fealures of either layer 

17、9;do not cover the other layer is an error規(guī)則六：Must be covered by，每個多邊形要素都要被另一個要素類中的單個多邊形覆蓋。例如，建筑物多邊形必須在宗地多邊形內(nèi)，不能出現(xiàn)跨越（層與層之間的拓?fù)潢P(guān)系）規(guī)則七：Boundary must be covered by，多邊形的邊界必須和線要素的線段重合（面與線之間的關(guān)系）aThe boundaries of area features from one layer rnust be covered by 1 ne features of anothei laer.T he boundary o

18、f an areofeature that i$ not coincidentwith a line featiffe is an error.規(guī)則八：Area boundary must be covered by boundary of ，某個多邊形要素類的邊界線在另一個多邊形要素類的邊界上。例如，縣、市邊界上必須有鄉(xiāng)、鎮(zhèn)邊界，而且前者的邊界必須被后者所重合。違反規(guī)則的 地方將產(chǎn)生線錯誤，修正的方法是手工編輯邊界。The boundary d an aiea feature in one yer must be covered by thw boundary of area features） from another layerr? Shaw Errorsarea boundary in th歧 first layer that is