初三英語閱讀理解練習題篇d

1、初三英語閱讀理解練習題 ?12 篇閱讀理解 1Mr.Leewasinbedandwastryingtogotosleepwhenheheardthebellring.Heturnedont helightandlookedathisclock.Itwastwelveo'clock."Whocanitbeatthistimeofni ght"Hethought.Hedecidedtogoandfindout.Sohegotofbed,putonhisdressinggown （浴 袍）andwenttothedoor.Whenheopenedthedoor,there

2、wasnobodythere."Thatisvery strange."Thenhewentbacktohisbedroom,tookoffhisdressinggown,gotbackintob ed,turnedoffthelightandtriedtogotosleep.禺人Afewminuteslaterheheardthebellagain.Mr.Leejumpedoutofbedveryquicklyandr ushedtothedoor.Heopenedit,butagainhefoundnoonethere.Heclosedthedoorandt riedn

3、ottofeelangry.Thenhesawapieceofpaperonthefloor.Hepickeditup.Therew eresomewordsonit:"Itisnowaftermidnight（ 午夜 ）,soitisAprilFool'sDay（ 節(jié)）.Aprilfooltoyou!""Oh,itwastheEnglishboynextdoor!"Mr.Leeexclaimed（ 驚 叫）andalmostsmiled.Hewentbacktobedandfeelasleepatonce.Thebelldidnotring a

4、gain.1. WhendidMr.LeegotobedHewenttobed.B.aftertwelveo'clockA. beforetwelveo'clock?C.whenthebellrang? D.whenhesawtheboy2. WhydidherushtothedoorwhenheheardthebellringthesecondtimeA. HewantedtoopenthedoorforthevisitorB. Hewantedtofindoutwhothevisitorwas.C. HewasafraidoftheringD. Hewaswaitingfo

5、rsomeone.3. Fromthispassage,welearnthatwecanonAprilFool'sDay.A. say"Hello"toeachother? B.danceandsingatnightC.playjokesoneachother? D.sendpressentstochildren4. WhatdidMr.LeethinkabouttheEnglishboyHethoughthe.A. wasagoodboy? B.wasfriendlywithhimC.shouldn'tringthebellatmidnight? D.di

6、dadangerousthingjustnow答案及解析：1A此題是一道細節(jié)題，文章第一自 然段的前三個句子就告訴了此題的答案。2B文中有這樣的句子 “Whocanitbeatthistimeofnight”，此句說明 Mr.Lee 很想知道是誰在午夜時來敲門。3C此題是一道常識題，因為大家都知道在愚人節(jié)這天，人們可相互開玩笑。4B英國男孩和 Mr.Lee 開玩笑，說明他把 Mr.Lee 看成朋友，所以答案是 B。閱讀理解 2Babieslovechocolateandsometimestheyalsoeatthepaperaroundit.Mycatenjoysa mealofgood,th

7、ickpaper,oldletters,forexample.Shedoesnotlikenewspapersver ymuchOfcourse,thebestpapercomesfromwood.Woodcomesfromtrees,andtreesareplants.Vegetablesandfruitareplants,too,andweeatalotofthem.Socanwealsoeatwooda ndpaperScientistssay,"Allfoodcomesinsomewayfromplants."Well,isthattrueAnimalse atgr

8、assandgrowfat.Thenweeattheirmeat.Littlefisheatlittlesea-plants,then biggerfishswimalongandeatthe Chickenseatbitsofgrassandgiveus Thin kforaminute.WhatfooddoesnotcomefromplantsinsomewayScientistscandowonderfulthingswithplants.Theycanmakefoodjustlikemeatand cheese.Andtheycanmakeitwithoutthehelpofanima

9、ls.Itisverygoodfood,too.Now theyhavebeguntosay,"Wemakeourpaperfromwood.Wecanalsomakefoodfromwood.Th enextthingisnotverydifficult."WhatisthenextthingPerhapsitis foodfrompaper.Scientistssay,"Wecanturnpaperintofood.Itwillbegood,cheapfood,too,ch eaperthanmeatorfishoreggs."Sopleasekee

10、pyouroldbooksandletters.（Don'tfeed喂yourcat.）Oneday,theywillbeonyourplate,ifwhatscientistssaymaycometrue.1.Thewriterasksustokeepouroldbooksandlettersbecause.A. theyareusefulforreadingB. TheymaybeusedtofeedcatsC. WecanmakefoodfromthemsoonD.wecanreadthematbreakfast2.Fromthepassage（ 段落） ，wecaninfer（

11、 推 斷）thatdonotcomefromplantsinsomeway.A. fewkindsoffood? B.meatandfishC.cheeseandchicken? D.woodandpaper 答案及解析：1C本題是細節(jié)題， 答案可在倒數(shù)第 一自然段找到。2A文中有這樣的句子 “Whatfooddoesnotcomefromplantsinsomeway ”。說明作者認為， 不管是什么樣的 食物，幾乎都來自“ plants ”，所以答案是 A。閱讀理解 3?InEnglandrecentlythreeforeigngentlemencametoabusstopandwaited

12、.Aboutfive minuteslater,thebustheywantedcamealong.Theywerejustgoingtogetonwhensudd enlytherewasaloudnoisebehindthem.Peoplerushedontothebusandtriedtopushthemoutoftheway.Someoneshoutedatthem.Thebusconductorcamerushingdownthesta irstoseewhatallthetroublewasabout.Thethreeforeignersseemallatseaandlook ed

13、embarrassed（ 窘迫的 .NoonehadtoldthemabouttheBritishcustom（習慣）ofliningupforabusthatthefirstpersonwhoarrivesatthebusstopisthefirstp ersontogetonthebus.Learningthelanguageofacountryisn'tenough.Ifyouwanttohaveapleasantvisit, findoutasmuchaspossibleaboutthemannersandcustomsofyourhostcountry.Youwi llpro

14、bablybesurprisedjusthowdifferenttheycanbefromyourown.AvisitortoInd iawoulddowelltorememberthatpeoplethereconsideritimpolitetousethelefthan dforpassingfoodattable.Thelefthandissupposedtobeusedforwashingyourself. AlsoinIndia,youmightseeamanshakinghisheadatanothertoshowthathedoesn'tag ree.Butinmany

15、partsofIndiaashakeoftheheadmeansagreement.Nodding（ 點 頭）yourheadwhenyouaregivenadrinkinBulgariawillmostprobablyleaveyouthirs ty.Inthatcountry,youshakeyourheadtomean'yes' anodmeans'no'.Atamealincount riesontheArabicPeninsula,youwillfindthatyourglassisrepeatedrefilledassoonasyoudrinkup.

16、 Ifyouthinkthatyouhavehadenough,youshouldtakethecuporglassesinyourhandan dgiveitalittleshakefromsidetosideorplaceyourhandoverthetop.InEuropeitquiteusualtocrossyourlegswhenyouaresittingtalkingtosomeoneeve natanimportantmeeting.DoingthisinThailand,however,couldbringabouttroubl e.Also,youshouldtrytoavo

17、id（避免 ）touchingtheheadofanadult（ 成人） it'sjustnotdoneinThailand.1. TheBritishpeopletriedtopushthethreegentlemenoutoftheway,becausethegen tlemen.A. wereforeigners B.didn'thaveticketsC.madealoudnoiseD.didn'tlineupforthebus2. Accordingtothearticle,ifyouwanttohaveapleasantjourneyinaforeigncou

18、ntr y,youshould.A. learnthelanguageofthecountryB. understandthemannersandcustomsofthecountryC. haveenoughtimeandmoneyD. makefriendswiththepeoplethere3.InIndiaitisconsideredimpolite.A. tousetherighthandforpassingfoodattable.B. topassfoodwiththelefthand.C. toeatfoodwithyourhands.D. tohelpyourselfattab

19、le.4.Tocrossone'slegsatanimportantmeetinginEuropeis.A. acommon（平常的 ）habitB. animportantmannerC. aserious（ 嚴重的 ）troubleD. abadmanner5.Thebesttitle（ 題目 ）forthisarticleis.A. People'sEverydayLifeB. MindYourMannersC. ShakingandNoddingHeadD. TakingaBusinEngland答案及解析：1D。這是一道句子理解題，也可 以看成細節(jié)題。在第一自然段的最

20、后，有這樣的句子： NoonehadtoldthemabouttheBritishcustomofliningupforabusthatthefirstperso nwhoarrivesatabusstopisthefirstpersontogetonthebus 從此句可知那三位先生 并不知道在英國乘車的習慣，所以答案是 D。2. B。這是一道細節(jié)題。 答案在第二 自然段的第二個句子。3B。同第二題一樣，此題也是細 節(jié)題?？稍诘诙匀欢沃苯诱业酱鸢?。4A。單句理解題。最后一個自然段中有說： InEuropeitisquiteusualtocrossyourlegsWhenyouaresitt

21、ingtalkingtosomeonee venatanimportantmeeting 這個句子的意思是：在歐洲，開會時翹二郎腿是很常 見的。這說明許多人有這樣的習慣，所以答案應(yīng)該是 A。5B。通讀全文就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，只學習 一門外語是不夠的， 還要多了解該國的風俗習慣， 否則就會遇到麻煩， 所以答案是B。閱讀理解 4? Tomwalkedintoashop.Itbadasignoutside:"Second-hand（ 舊 的）clothesboughtandsold."Hewascarryinganoldpairoftrousersandaskedtheown erofth

22、eshop,"Howmuchwillyougivemeforthese"Themanlookedatthemandthensaid :"Twodollars.""What!"saidTom."Ihadguessedtheywereworthatleastfivedollars." "No,"saidtheman,"theyaren'tworthacentmorethantwodollars.""Well,"saidTom,takingtwodoll

23、arsoutofhispocket."Here'syourmoney.Thesetro userswerehangingoutsideyourshop.Thelistprice（ 標 價）ofthemwassixdollarsandahalf.ButIthoughtthatwastoomuchmoney,soIwanted tofindouthowmuchtheywerereallyworth."Thenhewalkedoutoftheshopwiththepairoftrousersanddisappearedbeforethesho pownercouldthi

24、nkofanythingtosay.1.AtfirsttheowneroftheshopthoughtthatTom.A. wantedtostealthetrousersB. wantedtosellthetrousersC. wantedtofoolhimD. wantedtobuythetrousers2.Theowneroftheshop fortheoldtrousers.A. wouldgiveTomtwodollarsB. wouldpaythreedollarsC. wouldpayfivedollarsD. wouldgiveTomsixdollarsandahalf3. T

25、heshopownerinsistedthatthetrouserswereworthonlytwodollarsbecauseA. hewantedtosellthemcheaply（ 廉價地 ）B. hewantedtobuythemcheaplyC. hedidn'tlikethetrousersD.theywereoldanddirty4.Infact,thetrousers.A.werehanginginsidetheshopB. werestolenbyTomfromtheshopC. hadbeentheshopowner'sD. hadbeenTom's

26、5.Fromthestoryweknowthatcheaperthanthelistprice.A.theownersoldthetrouserstwodollarsB. TomsoldthetrousersonedollarandahalfC. theownerboughtthetrousersthreedollarsD. Tomboughtthetrousersfourdollarsandahalf答案及解析：1BTom拿著一條褲子并且問： “Howmuchwillyougivemeforthese ”店主所以認為 Tom是來賣褲子的，故答案是 B。2A此題是細節(jié)題， 可在第一自 然段的末

27、尾找到答案。3B店主當然想便宜地把褲子買 下來。4C從短文的倒數(shù)第二段可以了 解到，褲子不是 Tom的而是店主的。5D褲子的標價是 6.5 美元， 而Tom只給了店主 2 美元，所以答案應(yīng)該是 D。閱讀理解 5BigBenBigBenisnotthenameofaman.Itisthenameofahuge （龐大的） clockinLondon.LondonisthecapitalofEngland.Thisclockhasfourfaces.So，nomatterwhereyoustand ， youcanreadthetimeonthefaceofBigBen.Eachfaceisthe

28、sizeofadoubledecker（層）bus.Thehandsareaboutfourmetreslong.Itisaboutthesizeoftwopeoplestandingo ntopofeachother.IfyougotoLondon ， youmaywanttovisittheHousesofParliament （國會大廈） .ThereyouwillfindBigBensitsatthetopoftheclocktower （塔） intheHousesofParliament.Maybeyouwillhearitaswellasseeit.Thehugeclockmak

29、 essuchaloudnoise. “Dingdong， dingdong ，” itgoeseveryquarterofanhour.Theclockwasnamedafterabigman.HewasSirBenjaminHall.Thismandidmuchbuildin gworkinLondonmanyyearsago.1. BigBenis.A. adoubledeckerbusB.ahugeclockC. thenameofBen D.abuilding2. Theclockstrikeseveryofanhour.A. tenminutesB.fifteenminutesC.

30、thirtyminutes D.forty-fiveminutes3. YoucanreadthetimeofBigBen.A.atthetopoftheclocktowerB. intheHousesofparliamentC. onthehandsofthehugeclockD. onthefourfacesoftheclock答案及解析：1選 B，根據(jù)第一行BigBenisnotthenameofaman.Itisthenameofahuge （龐大的） clockinLondon. 可以 判斷 BigBen 是一個大鐘的名字。2選 B，根據(jù)文中“ Dingdong，dingdong ，

31、” itgoeseveryquarterofanhour. 即可得知大鐘每 15 分鐘敲一次。3選 D， Thisclockhasfourfaces.So ，nomatterwhereyoustand ， youcanreadthetimeonthefaceofBigBen. 其他三項均不符合題意。閱讀理解 6Thepolicedomanythingsforus.Theyhelpkeepourthingsandussafe.Theyhelpkeepc arsmovingsafely.Theytakecareofpeoplewhoarehurt.Thentheyseethesepeoplege

32、ttoadoctor.Thepolicegoaroundtowntoseethateverythingisallright.Theygetaroundtowninm anyways.Someofthemwalkorgobycar.Insomebigcities ， someofthepolicerideonhorses.Itisstrangetoseetheseanimalsinthestreet.Astheygoaroundtown ， thepolicehelppeople.Sometimestheyfindlostchildren.Theytakethechildrenho me.Ift

33、hepoliceseeafight ， theyputanendtoitrightaway.Sometimespeoplewillaskthepolicehowtogettoapla ceintown.Thepolicecanalwaystellthepeoplewhichwaytogo.Theyknowallthestre etsandroadswell.Somepolicestandatcrossings.Theytellthecarswhentogoandwhentostop.Theymak esurethatthecarsdonotgotoofast.Theyhelpchildrenc

34、rossthestreet.Theyalsoh elppeoplewhocan'twalktoowell.D.safeC. Bybus.D. Onbikes.3.Inthetextputanendto ”means“A.stopB.cutC.killD.fly4.Thetextismainlytalkingabouttheofthepolice.A.lifeB.roadC.jobD.day答案及解析：1選 D，根據(jù)第一段，Theyhelpkeepourthingsandussafe. “警察可以保障我們安全”，因此選 safe 。Withoutthepolice ，ourstreets

35、wouldnotbesafe.Carsmightgotoofastandhurtpeople.Lostpeoplemightneverbefound.Thepolicedoagoodjob.Weneedthem.Andweshouldthankthemforajo bwelldone.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。1. Thepolicedomanythingsforus.TheyhelpkeepourthingsandusA. warm B.cleanC.quiet2. HowdosomeofthepolicegetaroundinsomebigcitiesA.Bytaxi.B. Onhors

36、es.2選 B，Someofthemwalkorgobycar.Insomebigcities ， someofthepolicerideonhorses. 在 一些大城市里面，警察是騎馬的，因此選 B。3選 A，文中劃線部分Ifthepoliceseeafight，theyputanendtoitrightaway. 根據(jù)句意可以理解為 stop 。4選 C，本題是總結(jié)全文的 mainidea ，總攬全文，可以知道是在說警察的職責，因此選 job 。閱讀理解 7GadgetsforWorkandPlayIt's7:45 inthemorning ， and26-year-oldSte

37、veClarksonisgoingtowork.Heputsonhisjacket ， andpicksuphismobilephoneandlaptop.Asheleavesthehouse ， heturnsonhisMP3playerandputsonhisheadphone.Heisreadytogo.Today， formillionsofpeople ， gadgetslikeClarkson'sareanormalpartoflife.“I'marepor terforamagazine ，andI'musuallynotintheoffice.Mymob

38、ilephoneandlaptophelpmetodomyworkbotho ntheroadandathome ，” saysClarkson.Todaymanypeoplecanchecke -mails,sendme ssages ，orsurftheWeb ，usingtheirmobilephones.TinaFangisstudyingphotographyinNew YorkCity. “Someofthesegadgetsareexpensive ， buttheycansaveyourmoneyinthelongrun.Ihaveadigitalcamera.Icanusei

39、ttotake eightypicturesandshootvideo(recordanimageontovideo)atthesametime.IlistentomusiconmyMP3player， andIcandownloadandreadbooksonit ， too.IusethecameraandMP3forbothlearnin gandfun. ”It'snow9:45.SteveClarksongetsane-mailsfromhis17-year-oldsister.Shehasag adgetthatletshersende-mails ，playgames，

40、andtakenotes.Sheisinclassrightnow. “Ie -mailedherback.Itoldhertostopplaying，andpayattention, ”laughsClarkson. “Thesegadgetsarefun ， butsometimestheycandistract（ 分散注意力 ）people ，too. ”1.WhatisSteveClarksonA. Astudent.B. Areporter.C. Abusinessman.D. Acomputerprogrammer. 2.Whichofthefollowingthingsisnot

41、agadgetA. Apicture. B.Alaptop.C.AnMP3player.D.Amobilephone.3. Whenhissisterhadlessons ， Stevetoldher.A. topaynoattentionB. toe-mailhimbackrightawayC. tostopplayinggamesD. tolistentomusicontheMP3player答案及解析：1選 B，根據(jù)第二段中 I'mareporterforamagazine ， andI'musuallynotintheoffice. 可知 SteveClarkson 是

42、個 reporter.2選 A，選項 A:apicture 不屬于 gadget ，其他三項均在文中提到過，屬于 gadget 。3選 C，根據(jù)文中“ Ie -mailedherback.Itoldhertostopplaying，andpayattention ，”可知選 C。閱讀理解 8HaveyoueverbeenillWhenyouareill ， youmustbeunhappybecauseyourbodybecomeshot， andtherearepainsalloveryourbody.Youdon'twanttowork ， youstayinbed ， feeli

43、ngverysad.WhatmakesusillItisgerms（ 細 菌）.Germsareeverywhere.Theyareverysmallandyoucan'tfindthemwithyoureyes butyoucanseethemwithamicroscope.Theyareverysmallandtherecouldbehundreds ofthemonaverysmallthing.Germsarealwaysfoundindirtywater.Whenwelookatdirtywaterunderthemicroscop e，weshallseetheminit.

44、Soyourfatherandmotherwillnotletyoudrinkdirtywater.Germsaren'tfoundonlyinwater.Theyarefoundinairanddust.Ifyoucutyourfinger ，ifsomeofthedustfromthefloorgoesintothecut（割開處 ） ，someofthegermswouldgointoyourfinger.Yourfingerwouldbecomebigandred ， andyouwillhavemuchpaininit.Sometimesthegermswouldgointo

45、allofyourbody andyouwouldhavepaineverywhere.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。1. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEA. Ifthingsareverysmall ， theyaregerms.B. Ifthingscan'tbeseen ，theymustbegerms.C. Germsareonlyindirtywater.D. Germsareeverywherearoundus.2. WhatisamicroscopeusedforA. Makingverysmallthingslookmuchbigger.B. Maki

46、ngverybigthingslookmuchsmaller.C. Helpingyoureadsomenewspapers.D. Helpingyouifyoucan'tseethingsclearly.3. Whydon'tyourparentsletyoudrinkdirtywaterA. Youhaven'tlookedatitcarefully.B. Watercan'tbedrunkinthisway.C. Theremustbelotsofgermsinit.D. Waterwillmakeyouill.4. Whichofthefollowing

47、isNOTtrueA. Germscanbefoundbothinwaterandintheair.B. Germscangointoyourfingerifitiscut.C. IfyourtemperatureisnotOK ，theremustbegermsinyourbody.D. Ifyourfingerisn'tcut ， therearen'tanygermsonit.5. What'sthemainideaofthepassageA. Germsmaymakeusill.B. Germsareindirtywater.C. Don'tdrinkd

48、irtywater.D. Takecareofyourfingers.答案及解析： 1選 D，根據(jù)第四段中Germsaren'tfoundonlyinwater.Theyarefoundinairanddust. 可以排除 C選項。 A， B 選項明顯不符合題意，只有選 D，并且根據(jù)第二段 Itisgerms（ 細 菌 ）.Germsareeverywhere. 可以確定正確答案。2選 A，根據(jù)文中 Theyareverysmallandyoucan'tfindthemwithyoureyes ， butyoucanseethemwithamicroscope. 可以知道 mi

49、croscope 是顯微鏡。確定選 A。3選 C，文中說到 Germsarealwaysfoundindirtywater. 因此父母不讓喝臟水。4選 D，根據(jù)文章可以判斷 A， B，C均為正確答案，而 D 項不正確，即使手不被割破，也會有細菌的。5選 A，總攬全文，可以確定 答案為 A， Germsmaymakeusill。閱讀理解 9Hundredsofyearsago ，aRomanarmycamenorthfromEnglandtomakewaronScotland.TheScots ， abravepeople ，lovedtheircountryverymuch.Theyfough

50、thardtodrivetheenemyoutofScotland butthereweretoomanyRomans.ItlookedasiftheRomanswouldwin.Onenight ， theleaderofScotsmarchedhissoldierstothetopofahill.“Wewillrestheretonight ， mymen,”hesaid. “Tomorrowwewillfi ghtonemorebattle.Wemustwinorwewilldie.Theywereallverytired ， sotheyatetheirsupperquicklyand

51、fellasleep.Therewerefourguardsonduty ， butthey ，too ，wereverytired ， andonebyone， alsofellasleep.TheRomanswerenotasleep.Quicklytheygatheredatthefootofthehill.Slowlythey climbedupthehillside ， takingcarenottomakeasound.CloserandclosertheycametothesleepingScots.The ywerealmostatthetop.Afewminutesmore

52、， thewarwouldbeover.Suddenly ， oneofthemputhisfootonathistle（薊）.HecriedoutandhissuddencrywoketheScots.Inamoment ， theywereontheirfeetandreadyforbattle.Thefightingwashardbutitdidnotlastl ong.TheScotswipedouttheRomansandsavedtheircountry.Thethistleisnotabeautifulplant.Ithassharpneedlesalloverit.Fewpeo

53、plelike it.ButthepeopleofScotlandlikeditsomuchthattheymadeittheirnationalflower根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。1. Hundredsofyearsagotherewasawarbetween.A. RomanarmyandNorthEnglandB. RomanarmyandtheScotsC. EnglandandScotsD. abravepeopleandtheScots2. AtfirstitlookedasiftheRomanswouldwinbecause.A. theScotswerenotbraveB.

54、 theRomanarmywassostrongC. theScotsdidnothaveagoodleaderD. theRomanshadthesupportfromtheScottish3. “ Wemustwinorwewilldie. ” WhattheleaderoftheScotssaidmeansA. theyweresuretowinB. theycouldn'tescapefromdeathC. theywouldwinandthentheywoulddieD. theymusttryhardtowin ， otherwisetheywouldbekilled4.

55、TheRomansclimbedupthehillquietlybecause.A.theydidn'twanttowaketheScotsB. theywantedtoreachthetopC. theywantedtocatchthefourguardsfirstD. theywereafraidofthesharpneedlesofthethistle5. ThepeopleofScotlandmadethistletheirnationalflowerbecause.A. itisabeautifulplantB. itisfreshandlovelyC. ithadsoman

56、ysharpneedlesalloveritD. itwasthethistlethathelpedtheScotstowinthebattle答案及解析：1選 B，文中很明顯的指出，這場戰(zhàn)爭是 Romanarmy和 theScots 之間的。2選 B， TheyfoughthardtodrivetheenemyoutofScotland ， butthereweretoomanyRomans.ItlookedasiftheRomanswouldwin. 是因為 Romans太 強大。因此選 B。3選 D，“ Wemustwinorwewilldie. ”的意思是“我們必須勝利，否則我們會 死

57、掉”，因此選 D。4選 A， theRomans悄悄爬山的原因是不想吵醒 theScots ，以便偷襲。 5選 D，根據(jù)文中大意，可得出正確答案。閱讀理解 10Asmanyas10ofthe17kindsofpenguins （企鵝） maybeindangerofdisappearing.Thenumberofpenguinshavedecreased（ 減 少）by30%since1987.Penguinsareblackandwhitebirdsthatliveinthesouthernpartoftheworld.Theyar ecommoninSouthAmerica， NewZea

58、land， AustraliaandSouthAfrica.Marylivenearcoldwaters.Butsomelivenearwarmwater sinGalapagos Islands.Penguinscannotfly ， buttheyarefineswimmers.Penguinseatfishandkrill（ 磷蝦 ）.Thewarmingoftheearthisthedecreaseinpenguinpopulations.Theheatingoftheai rhascausedoceanwaterstobecomewarmer.Higherwatertemperatureshavereducedt hesupplyoffishandkrill.Someyearslaterthesebirdsarecompletelyunabletorep roduce（ 繁殖）. Besides ，manyadultpenguinsdieofhunger.Widespread（ 廣泛的 ）fishing ，explorationforoilandoilleaks（漏 ）alsom