英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解-獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

1、1獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的模式是：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的模式是：主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞 + + 分詞分詞/ /形容詞形容詞/ /副詞副詞/ /不定式不定式/ /介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)( (作邏輯主語(yǔ)）作邏輯主語(yǔ)） （作邏輯謂語(yǔ)）（作邏輯謂語(yǔ)） 1. All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs.2. The question settled, we went home. 3. The river having risen in the night, the crossing was impossible. 主格名詞主格名詞/ /代

2、詞代詞 + + 分詞分詞 ( (過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞/ /現(xiàn)在分詞）現(xiàn)在分詞）2主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞 + + 形容詞形容詞1. His mother being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.2. Other things being equal, I would buy the black dress. 主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞 + + 副詞副詞The meeting being over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room.We to care for the childr

3、en, you are able to be carefree away from home. 主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞 + + 不定式不定式3主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞 + +介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand.4with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 與與 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 它們都可以在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀況狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)用，一般也可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。雖然它們的語(yǔ)法功能和意義相同，但其結(jié)構(gòu)形式和名稱卻不相同。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的模式是： with+with+名詞名詞/ /代

4、詞代詞+ +分詞分詞/ /形容詞形容詞/ /副詞副詞/ /不定式不定式/ /介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的模式是： 主格名詞主格名詞/ /代詞代詞+ +分詞分詞/ /形容詞形容詞/ /副詞副詞/ /不定式不定式/ /介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)5一、作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一、作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 1、With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.2、With the traffic light green

5、, the bus got moving.=The traffic light green, the bus got moving.6二、作原因狀語(yǔ)二、作原因狀語(yǔ) 1、With the weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves. = The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.2、With the key having been lost, she could not enter the room. = The key havin

6、g been lost, she could not enter the room. 7三、作條件狀語(yǔ)三、作條件狀語(yǔ) 1、With time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. = Time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. 2、With the car going wrong, well have to stop at the foot of the mountain. = The car going wrong, well have to stop at the foot of the mou

7、ntain. 8四、作伴隨狀語(yǔ)四、作伴隨狀語(yǔ) 1、The mother was cleaning the house with her baby playing on the bed. =The mother was cleaning the house, her baby playing on the bed. 2、Last night I followed him, with a sword in my hand. = Last night I followed him , sword in hand. 9無(wú)論with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)還是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，都不可有動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)形式充當(dāng)其中的邏輯謂語(yǔ)。如下例中的was就必須去掉：He sat at the desk reading with a pen was in his right hand.10with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不可作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞. Soon she arrived at a park with grass green and flowers in blossom. = Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green and whose flowers we