中職英語Unit3_現在完成時

1、 present(now)futurepast 現在完成時現在完成時( present perfect tense)I bought an apple.pastnowfutureI have an apple.I have bought an apple.表示表示過去發(fā)生過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作或完成的某一動作對現在對現在造成造成影響或結果影響或結果。one minute ago1.表示表示過去發(fā)生的動作過去發(fā)生的動作,并對現在有影響。并對現在有影響。Someone has broken the window.(窗戶現在是壞的窗戶現在是壞的)I have already lost the ke

2、y. (我現在沒有鑰匙我現在沒有鑰匙)I havent read that book yet.(不了解書的內容不了解書的內容)I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干凈的手是干凈的)常與常與already(已經已經), yet(還還), just(剛剛剛剛),ever(曾經曾經)等詞連用等詞連用. already: 常用于肯定句中常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句常用于否定句,疑問句尾疑問句尾. I lived here.pastnowfutureI still live here.I have lived here for two years.表示表示過去過

3、去開始開始的動作的動作持續(xù)到現在持續(xù)到現在，甚至，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去還可能繼續(xù)下去。I never move.two years ago2.現在完成時表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現在的動作或狀態(tài)。She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born .Have you stayed here since 3 oclock?常與for, since引導的時間短語或從句連用.for+時間段since+時間點 , since+句子 常用于現在完成時的時間常用于現在完成時的時間副詞、介詞副詞、介詞:alre

4、ady (已經已經): 用于肯定句用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter.yet(還還): 用于否定句用于否定句,疑問句疑問句 He hasnt done his homework yet.just(剛剛剛剛) They have just left. ever(曾經曾經) Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(從不從不) I have never seen him.before(以前以前) Have you seen the film before?since(自從自從以來以來) Ive worked in the s

5、chool since 1999.for(長達長達) Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在過在過去的去的)recently(最近最近) I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前為止到目前為止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前為止到目前為止) 陳述句肯定形式。陳述句肯定形式。 主語主語+ have/has+ 過去分詞過去分詞+其它其它 如如: I

6、have had lunch. 已經吃過午飯了。已經吃過午飯了。 He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。他去北京了。 上一頁下一頁主菜單 現在完成時的基本句型陳述句否定形式。陳述句否定形式。主語主語+ have/has+ not+過去分詞過去分詞+(在助動詞在助動詞have/has后后+not，可縮寫為，可縮寫為havent/hasnt)如如: I havent had lunch. 我還沒吃午飯我還沒吃午飯 He hasnt gone to Beijing. 他還沒有去北京。他還沒有去北京。一般疑問句形式及其答語。一般疑問句形式及其答語。 Have/Has+主語過去分詞

7、主語過去分詞（將助動詞（將助動詞have/has提前，句末加問號）提前，句末加問號） 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes , 主語主語 have/has. 否定回答：否定回答：No , 主語主語 havent/hasnt. Has he gone to Beijing? 他去過北京了嗎？他去過北京了嗎？ Yes, he has ./ No, he hasnt.上一頁下一頁主菜單特殊疑問句形式。（疑問詞特殊疑問句形式。（疑問詞+一般疑問一般疑問句）句） 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+ have/has+主語過去分詞主語過去分詞？ 如如: Where has he gone? 他去了哪里？他去了哪里？Answer

8、 the questions with the words given.A: Would you like something to eat?B: No, Ive just had lunch. (just / have)1. A: Do you know where Julia is? B: Yes, I _ her (just / meet).2. A: What time is David leaving? B: He _ (already / leave).3. A: Whats in the newspaper today? B: I dont know. I _ (not / re

9、ad it / yet).have just methas already lefthavent read it yetA: Would you like something to eat?B: No, Ive just had lunch. (just / have)4. A: Is Ann coming to the cinema with us? B: No, she _ the film (already / see).5. A: What does Tim think about your plan? B: He _ (not / talk about it / yet).Answe

10、r the questions with the words given.has already seenhasnt talked about it yetFinish the letter.Dear Chris, Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.1. I/graduate/vocational school2. My father/start/a new job I have graduated from a vocational school. My father has started a new job. 3

11、. My brother/have/10 job interviews4. My sister/change/her job5. My mother/become/manager of a big company Yours, MaryFinish the letter.My mother has become a manager of a big company.My sister has changed her job.My brother has had 10 job interviews. 按要求改變句子。按要求改變句子。1. She has done her homework. (改

12、否定句改否定句)2. She has already told us the news. (改否定改否定句句)3. The rain has already stopped. (改一般疑改一般疑問句問句)4. I have waited here for two hours. (劃線提劃線提問問)She hasnt done her homework. She hasnt told us the news yet. Has the rain stopped yet?How long have you waited here ?since: (自自以來以來)1)since+時間點時間點He ha

13、s stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+ 時間段時間段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+ 從句從句She has taught English since she came here. for: (長達）長達）for+ 時間段時間段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take notes Complete the sentences with “for” and “since”.1) Jane has been in Amer

14、ica _ last weekend. _ a week.2) My brother hasnt eaten any food _ 24 hours. _ yesterday.3) I have learned English _ last July. _ six months.sinceforforsincesinceforComplete the sentences with “for” and “since”.4) My parents havent phoned me _ Saturday. _ two days.5) This team hasnt won _ last year.

15、_ a year.sinceforsinceforDescribe the pictures to show what Sara has done recently.study English / in an evening school / for 3 monthsSara has studied English in an evening school for three months.Describe the pictures to show what Sara has done recently.be a member of / English club / since last mo

16、nthSara has been a member of an English club since last month.Describe the pictures to show what Sara has done recently.read / three English novels / in the past two monthsSara has read two English novels in the past two months.Describe the pictures to show what Sara has done / Engla

17、nd / for 10 days / will be back next weekSara has traveled to England for ten days, and shell be back next week.1. 他的爺爺已經去世他的爺爺已經去世2年了。年了。 2. Nick 參軍參軍3年了年了.3. 他離開深圳好長時間了。他離開深圳好長時間了。4. 這本書我已借了這本書我已借了4個月了個月了. His grandpa has died for 2 years. Nick has joined the army for 3 years. He has left Shenzhen

18、 for a long time. I have borrowed the book for 4 months. XXXX實義動詞分為實義動詞分為: 1) 瞬間動詞瞬間動詞 (die, join, leave, borrow等等) 2)延續(xù)動詞延續(xù)動詞 (wait, know , learn 等等)注意注意: 瞬間動詞不能和時間段連用瞬間動詞不能和時間段連用. 實義動詞分為實義動詞分為: 1) 瞬間動詞瞬間動詞 2)延續(xù)動詞延續(xù)動詞 瞬間動詞瞬間動詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意: 瞬間動詞不能和瞬間動詞不能和

19、時間段時間段連用連用. method 1: 動作動作狀態(tài)狀態(tài)die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be dead1. 他的爺爺已經去世他的爺爺已經去世2年了。年了。 2. Nick 參軍參軍3年了年了.3. 他離開深圳好長時間了。他離開深圳好長時間了。4. 這本書我已借了這本書我已借了4個月了個月了. His grandpa has been dead for 2 years. Nick has been

20、in the army for 3 years. He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time. I have had/kept the book for 4 months. method 2: It is + 時間段時間段 since +一般過去時的一般過去時的句子句子.1. 他的爺爺已經去世他的爺爺已經去世2年了。年了。 2. Nick 參軍參軍3年了年了.3. 他離開深圳好長時間了。他離開深圳好長時間了。4. 這本書我已借了這本書我已借了4個月了個月了. It is 2 years since his grandpa died. It is

21、 3 years since Nick joined the army. It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book . 1.The English professor arrived here about a week ago The English professor _ _ here for about a week .2.Her husband started to work on the farm three hours ago . Her husband _ _

22、 on the farm for three hours .3.The French musician came to China last month , and he is still here . The French musician _ _ _ China for a month .4.He joined the army in 1985 . He _ _ _ the army _ 1985 .改寫句子，使原句的意思不變，每空一詞。改寫句子，使原句的意思不變，每空一詞。has beenhas workedhas been in has been in since5.The bus l

23、eft five minutes ago . The bus _ already _ _ for five minutes .6.The girl bought a new school bag in September . The girl _ _ the school bag since September .7. The shop closed last winter . The shop _ _ _ since last winter .8. The film began ten minutes ago . The film _ _ _ for ten minutes .9. The

24、dog died two days ago . The dog _ _ _ for two days . 10. The meeting ended last month . The meeting _ _ _ for a month . has been away has hadhas been closed has been on has been deadhas been over Learning more about present perfect tense.1 A: Where is your father? Steve? B: Oh, he has gone to Shangh

25、ai for a meeting.The person is not here.2 A: Where have you been these days, Tom? B: I have been to Tibet. A: Oh, really? Was it great fun? B: Yes, very exciting.The person has come back and he is here. I have never been to London before.She has been to China many times. have been to swh. : 曾經去過某地，已

26、經回來曾經去過某地，已經回來has gone to swh. :某人去了某地，還沒有回來某人去了某地，還沒有回來用用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空填空：1.Where is your brother? He _ the shop. Hell be back soon.2. _ you ever _ to America? Yes, I _ New York twice.3. Here you are at last! Where _you _? I _ London.4. David _ Australia. Im sure hes already ar